On nanotechnology applications in new building materials

Abstract: NanoTechnology as an emerging Technology in many areas has very important applications, in particular greatly promoted the development of new building materials, describes the new type of nanoTechnology in the architectural coatings, composite cement, self-cleaning glass, ceramics, the application of protective materials, etc., through discussion we can see, the field of nano-materials in new building materials have good development prospect.

Keywords: NanoTechnology; new building materials; application; prospects

1 nm coating application

Usually there is a traditional coating suspension stability is poor, aging, abrasion, poor finish is not enough and other defects, while the nano-coatings are able to better solve this problem, nano-coating has the following superior performance: (1) has a good scalability, small cracks in the wall to indemnity cover, with self-repairing of the role of micro-cracks (2) has good water resistance, adhesion of foreign matter, staining properties, alkali resistance, erosion resistance (3) deodorant, disinfectant, dust and thermal insulation performance (4) nano-coating of bright color and soft, soft touch, the film formation, improve the appearance of the building and so on.

Although domestic and international Research on nano-coating is still in preliminary stages, but has been on the project more widely used, such as Beijing Namei produced nano-series have been widely used in Beijing Jianxinyuan coating, such as residential construction Dongyuan District of wall paint to good effect in the body of the first renovation project, the use of nano-coating 1,700 tons, brushing 60,000 square meters. Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Advanced Coatings Research Center of the experts have developed a "transparent insulating glass coating . "

2 the application of nano-cement

Ordinary cement concrete because of its greater rigidity and less flexible, but there are also some of its own inherent flaws, it is inevitable in the course of cracking and damage. In order to solve this problem it is necessary to accelerate the performance of concrete with special R & D, while the nano concrete solution to this problem can be effective, nano concrete and ordinary concrete, nano concrete strength, hardness, aging resistance, durability and other properties are significantly improved, but also has a waterproof, sound-absorbing absorb electromagnetic waves and other properties, which can be used for some special building facilities (such as defense facilities), usually in ordinary concrete by adding nano powder (nano-scale SiO2, nano-CaCO3) or nano-nano metal powder has reached the performance of concrete, And by changing the dosage of nano-materials can also be configured out of waterproof mortar, etc. The current developed nano-materials including nano waterproof cement composite cement, cement sensitive nanoTechnology, nano-nano-green stealth composite cement and composite cement.

Nano waterproof cement through the cement in the cement admixtures added XPM made of nano materials, nano additives mixed with the cement, you can speed up the induction phase and accelerated phase of cement hydration reaction of cement solidification to improve the three-dimensional structure, while increasing the density of cement, to enhance the waterproof performance.

Nano-sensitive cement in the cement added to the surrounding environment are very sensitive to changes in the nano-materials, cement products to achieve improved temperature-sensitive, humidity, gas, power and other performance-sensitive, according to the different sensitive materials added to the cement used in the nano-sensitive in chemical plant construction, high-speed road laying and so on.

Environmental protection is the use of nano-composite cement photocatalytic nanomaterials function, so that the cement product has bactericidal, deodorant, and surface self-cleaning feature, usually is used as a nano-TiO2 additive.

Nano-composite materials is hidden with the absorption of electromagnetic waves through the use of functional nano-materials (nano metal powder mostly), the electromagnetic radiation, the effect of making nanomaterials on the surface atomic and electronic campaign intensified, prompting electronic energy into heat energy, enhance the absorption of electromagnetic waves , where the material over a wide range of channels to avoid radar, infrared light detection, the material commonly used in military and national defense construction.


3 the application of nano-glass

In the course of ordinary glass will absorb organic matter in the air, the formation of difficult to clean the organic dirt, and water mist on the glass easy to form and affect visibility and glare, while the glass on both sides by a layer of TiO2 nano-coated the formation of nano-thin film of glass, is able to effectively address these shortcomings, while TiO2 photocatalyst under the sun, can break down formaldehyde, ammonia and other harmful gases in addition nano-glass has a very good light transmission and institutional strength to this glass as a screen of glass, building glass, residential glass can be removed from cumbersome manual cleaning process.


4 ceramic materials in nanotechnology applications

Ceramic because of its good heat and corrosion resistance and good appearance of the performance has been widely in engineering applications (such as paving wall tiles), but prone to brittle ceramics, which during use is also subject to certain restrictions. nanomaterials developed using nano-ceramic is a good plastic properties, able to absorb a certain amount of external energy in the ceramic matrix by adding nano-sized metal carbide ceramic fibers can greatly improve the strength of both Good resistance to erosion of the rocket nozzle on the selection of high-temperature materials, nano-metal ceramics as high temperature materials. with nano-SiC, Si3N, ZnO, SiO2, TiO2, A12O3 made of ceramic materials such as high hardness, high toughness, high strength, wear resistance, low temperature superplasticity, anti-fatigue properties of hot and cold advantages nano-ceramic as corrosion, heat, wear the new material in the context of a larger change in the mechanical properties, has a very broad application prospects. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com 5 Nanotechnology in the application of protective materials

Usually by adding carbon black in rubber compound to improve the performance of waterproof materials, but the corrosion resistance of this material as well as poor weather, easy to aging, development of high strength, corrosion resistance, aging resistance of waterproof material is engineering has been actively studying the issue, nano waterproof material can well meet the above requirements, the success of Beijing Academy of Building Research on the development of a good anti-aging properties of nano-waterproofing membrane, waterproofing membrane has such good strength, toughness, aging resistance and light stability, thermal stability of nano-called waterproofing membrane with a wide range of applications, such as building top, basement, bathroom, water dams and anti-submarine engineering.


6 Nano-insulation materials

With the implementation of energy conservation policy in China, more and more emphasis on engineering building energy-saving insulation performance, our current use is still more polyurethane, asbestos and other traditional insulation materials, which in the course of prone Some harmful substances such as asbestos and fiber products containing carcinogens, polyurethane foam after the release of toxic combustion gases, and developed through the use of nano-materials of the insulation material is able to avoid these drawbacks, such as the inorganic silicate-based material , nano-functional materials by high temperature and pressure of the insulation material made of modified not only has good insulation effect, but no damage to the human body is a green thermal insulation material.


7 of nanotechnology in its adhesives and sealing materials and lubricants in the application

For some operations in the deep structure of the special working environment and other components, they seal the structure of demand is very high, more than ordinary adhesives and sealants that can meet the range of foreign and through the ordinary adhesive sealant in the nano-SiO2 and other additives, adhesives and sealant bonding effect of the sealing performance is greatly improved its working mechanism in the surface coating of nano-SiO2 layer of organic material, so that they are permanent, it was quickly added to the sealant to form a silica structure, which form a network structure of nano-SiO2 colloid mobility, improve the bonding effect, due to small particle size, but also increased the rubber seal. host large-scale building materials and machinery noise at work to hundreds of decibels, a lubricant made of nano-materials, both at the surface to form semi-permanent solid film, produced under good lubrication, greatly reduce the noise, but also extend equipment life, has a very good prospect .


8 Conclusion

Nanotechnology as an emerging discipline, known as the 21st century, the most promising technologies for the future economic and social development have a significant impact on a key cutting-edge technology. Nanotechnology applications in the prospect of building materials very broad, nanotechnology will not only promote the development of new products, building materials, will also improve people's living environment and quality of life and make an invaluable contribution to functional nanomaterials and abroad has become a hot Research, current Research and development work is in the infancy stage, there are many problems yet to be a good solution, you need to further accelerate the promotion of nano-materials research and applications of nanomaterials will be the 21st century a new direction of development of new materials, I believe that in the near future, we will the material into a new era - the era of nanomaterials.


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