China's new rural cooperative medical fund-raising mode of analysis and recommendations

Abstract: The new rural cooperative medical care system is to improve rural health status of a rational institutional arrangements, and economic development of China's national conditions and adapt, particularly for rural residents in medical and health protection has played an important role, but in the pilot and the process of implementation problems can not be ignored, especially in the establishment of a stable long-term financing and low-cost models, the new rural cooperative medical care system financing is still difficult to restrict its major bottleneck to sustainable development and therefore improve our the new rural cooperative medical system mode of financing is a very important role.

Keywords: new mode of financing of rural cooperative medical care system well regulated

The new rural cooperative medical care system for rural residents to provide medical and health protection has played an important role in the new rural cooperative medical system in the pilot areas to improve farmers' medical conditions, farmers impoverished, and the illness status of a certain ease back into poverty in rural areas is also greatly improved the medical conditions of service, health service quality is improved.

But the new rural cooperative medical system in the process of implementation of the pilot and there are some constraints, especially the financing difficulties that hinders its major bottleneck to sustainable development and this issue has caused the party and the country's attention, to further clarify the Communist Party Congress report said, "to comprehensively promote the basic medical insurance, basic medical insurance for urban residents, the new rural cooperative medical care system does not solve the medical problems of farmers. can not win the goal of building a moderately prosperous society" [1].


First, the new rural cooperative medical care system there is the mode of financing difficulties

Government led by the new rural cooperative medical system, although clearly the government-funded, group support, individual farmers pay a combination of fund-raising mode, but the proportion of the funding sources of funding, financing methods, there are still more problems, The actual operation of the system, they are each there own predicament.

1. Farmers in the new rural cooperative medical care system are not enthusiastic
Farmers as the new rural cooperative medical care demand side, in the implementation of the new rural cooperative medical system plays an important role because of the new rural cooperative medical system in 2003 in the pilot process, the implementation of the principle of voluntary participation of farmers, But in the implementation process, has led to "adverse selection" phenomenon is expected that the costs and benefits of farmers to participate in the new rural cooperative medical care system a major factor.

2 local government funding mechanism to run hard
As the implementation of the new rural cooperative medical system the leading parties - the government, in implementing this system, when there are financial difficulties of the problem. Since the implementation of tax reform, local governments on the implementation of "tax sharing" policy, so The level of funding health institutions by the general level of government financial burden, the financial reform making the central government health services at all levels of local government financial transfer payments and investment severely weakened, and the central, provincial and municipal finance in general, only responsible for funding This level of investment in health institutions directly, and less revenue for the county, township local governments, has become the new rural cooperative medical expenses subject, especially in poor areas of the county financial terms, can not afford to take implementation of the new rural cooperative medical care system needed to fund subsidies.

3. There is a problem of collective fund-raising mechanism
As the 20th century, the 1980s economic rise of township enterprises, many parts of the collective economy has been strengthened, the more developed parts of the economy has been cooperative with the medical group to support the financial and material resources, which support the objective for the group laid the economic foundation of cooperative medical care, but For some economic poorer central and western regions, especially in rural areas of weak collective economy, the new rural cooperative medical insurance funds needed for the township collective is a heavy burden, even in many areas, because township collective economic serious weaknesses, can not afford to support the new rural cooperative medical insurance system development, resulting in the farmer-friendly policy, saying the lack of good implementation.


Second, China's new rural cooperative medical care system there is the mode of financing difficulties Analysis

China's new rural cooperative medical system in the process of implementation of the pilot and the existence of difficulties, caused by a variety of reasons, but mainly due to the high cost of financing and financing positioning unreasonable.

1 new rural cooperative medical system in the high cost of financing
While the new rural cooperative medical system is implemented the principle of voluntary participation, but local governments to improve local participation rate, then tried a variety of ways to convince the farmers co-participation, some local organizations to promote team for the new rural cooperative medical care system for promotion of door to door to persuade and educate farmers, into a huge human and material resources, and even set up a special authority, the personnel and office expenses are included in the budget, it invisible in the addition of the new rural cooperative medical system implementation costs.

2 new rural cooperative medical care system financing positioning unreasonable
The new rural cooperative medical system dominated by serious co-ordination is important, but also inevitably brings high deductibles for most farmers, are less likely to suffer serious illness, and some light disease and minor ailments are not compensated, the majority of the farmers see a doctor or pocket.

It is because of neglect of basic health care protection, making the new rural cooperative medical system with no attractive to farmers, but also led to the new rural cooperative medical system in the implementation process, the overall funding levels are too low and the high cost of medical conflicts show, and further lead to the development of new rural cooperative medical care system a high cap line, but only to achieve lower levels of compensation, the system more attractive to farmers for fall. Links to free download http://www . hi138.com Third, solve the new rural cooperative medical system in the mode of financing difficulties Suggestions

Financing the new rural cooperative medical system model and medical insurance system for urban workers, the mode of financing in the financing of the main shared responsibility, funding structure, funding criteria and so there are obvious differences, improve the new rural cooperative medical care system must maintain the existing status quo is essentially the same funding The premise, actively expand financing channels, to achieve the funding pattern of diversity and institutionalized.

1. Actively expand the financing channels
The new rural cooperative medical system in addition to funding sources and government subsidies and farmers pay the collective funding, its sources of financing should also include social contributions and other sources, and as the country's economic strength and the relevant policy guidance, the new rural cooperative medical system sources of funding can be further expanded, in order to better ease the funding pressure [3].

(2) increase government financial input
In the implementation of the new rural cooperative medical system in the process, to ensure that funding is in place at all levels of finance and financial commitment at all levels, the proportion of clearly defined, inherited as a formal system strictly according to the system to fulfill the financial responsibility of governments at all levels, while levels financial sector should also be in accordance with the requirements of public finance, and actively adjust the structure of the health sector, the government budget allocated special funds needed new rural cooperative medical care, and to ensure that financial investment growth rate of not less than the government budget expenditure growth rate, while should gradually increase the new rural cooperative medical system of allowances for farmers, the rural health care fund in place.

3. Optimize the financing ratio
The new rural cooperative medical system can refer to the proportion of financing medical insurance system for urban workers to carry out due to long-standing urban-rural dual economic structure, urban and rural residents in health care and other aspects of treatment are significant differences, however, during the new rural cooperative medical system design time is not appropriate to the emergence of new urban-rural differences in the basic medical insurance for urban employees, the individual workers to pay 2% of individual wage base, while the unit's total wages paid 6% to 9%, so the farmers in determining the and the proportion of government funding should also refer to the proportion of the medical insurance system for urban workers to carry out, and on this basis, the Government should increase subsidies for farmers in central and western regions the intensity.

4. Strengthen the supervision of the use of funds
To improve the financing of the new rural cooperative medical system monitoring the effectiveness of, first, to clear the main responsibility for regulation, to establish a new rural cooperative medical system in long-term mechanism, it is necessary to strengthen the new rural cooperative medical system of financial supervision, and a clear regulatory the main regulatory responsibility; Secondly, we must clear regulatory content regulation, including raising funds for the financing, fund distribution, fund and money management, and use the content to focus on regulatory aspects of fund allocation in the use of compensation for the insured person that occurred due to illness actual medical compensation, as against the risk of accidents and set up a special risk reserve, maintain insurance institutions and organizations conduct business necessary administrative costs of three parts. Finally, strict regulatory mechanisms, the government according to the "special account for storage, closed operation, two-way publicity, double audit, financial examination, multi-layer monitoring, annual audit, and offenders and severe punishment, "the basic principles, to establish and improve the new rural cooperative medical insurance fund collection, management, use of the system.


IV Summary

In short, the new rural cooperative medical insurance system is a systematic project implementation, in order to improve the new rural cooperative medical care system, government must play, the collective and the enthusiasm of farmers' co-participation, broaden the financing channels, and establish appropriate rules and regulations for management of funds for this .


References:
[1] Love, such as Chen, Li Lin, the new rural cooperative medical care system for financing mechanisms and compensation model study [J]. Chuzhou College, 2008 (7) :62-64.

[2] Tian Wei, financing new rural cooperative medical research [J]. China's township enterprises, 2008 (9) :20-21.

[3] Meng Cuilian, improve the new rural cooperative medical care system financing mechanism [J]. Macroeconomic management, 2008 (2) :52-54.

[4] Huo Shuai, Ouyang day rule, China's new rural cooperative medical financing Current Situation [J]. Kunming Metallurgy College, 2007 (11) :49-53.

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com