Minority Traditional Sports on cultural characteristics, functions and development of

Paper Keywords: Cultural Development of Traditional Sports
Abstract: From the cultural perspective of the traditional sports of ethnic studies, that of Traditional Ethnic Sports Project Regional and local Culture with unity, Culture and nature of the original ecology and Culture of both modern and traditional and other features. It cultural value in its own national cultural heritage features. Minority Traditional Sports and cultural Development for the harmonious Development of important social and cultural values. foster cultural awareness and conservation awareness, the reform, Innovation and Development is to promote ethnic traditions effective way of sports and cultural Development.

Number of minority sports, which together constitute the system of traditional sports of ethnic minorities. In recent years, with the modernization of China's minority areas, ethnic minority areas of traditional sports Culture and modern society in a period of convergence. Minorities traditional sports Culture as an important component of our national culture, how cultural orientation and development, effective integration into the socialist cultural construction, and play an active cultural functions, is a real problem worth exploring.

1, the cultural characteristics of Traditional Sports
1.1 Regional and local cultural unification project
Regional culture is the center of historical geography and cultural subjects carried one .... Sports have regional, sports and cultural projects have different basis. Precisely because there are different regions differ in content and form of physical activity, therefore, in different only the geographical scope of the possible diversity in sports. Meanwhile, Traditional Ethnic Sports in the different regions under the influence of culture, sports highlights different geographical and cultural characteristics.

Sports technology area has a large dependence. Can be said that regional geography is the minority have the basis for development of traditional sports. If the Tibetan Traditional Sports horse racing. Racing is a favorite place for Tibetan people, particularly sports. In China Many Tibetan settlements, retains considerable scale horse racing. such as the Jockey Club in northern Tibet, Kangding Jockey Club, the Tibetan areas in Gansu Huarui Jockey Club. Tibetan horse projects and local natural geography has a close relationship. Zang District grasslands mostly Tibetan people as an important horse transport has an important social value. Therefore, to horse racing as a local celebration of the Tibetan people's way of entertainment, convenient and practical. Of course, race is not the unique Tibetan traditional sports.

In general, all ethnic minorities live in grassland areas, most of all horse movement. Such as Xinjiang ethnic Kyrgyz, Mongolians and other ethnic minority group. More obvious regional characteristics such projects, which is the traditional sports from all ethnic characteristics of the project can be found on the appropriate basis. In addition, regional and minority sports have a high degree of local geographical and cultural unity. The current theory is that local sports culture, "the diversity of sports and the local geographical and cultural close relations, in different geographical and cultural environment, the formation of the regional with a strong sports culture. "tradition of different regions of the minority sports is not only different ethnic groups constitute an important part of sports culture, but also a true portrayal of the different local culture.

1.2 the original culture and nature of the blending of ecological
Traditional Ethnic Sports also shows the regional characteristics of the original ecology of their culture. Most of Minority Traditional Sports of China has a long history of tradition and cultural heritage, its cultural production and the formation of ecological and nature of the original. If in the North northwest Guangxi Yizhou teeth ethnic Yao township settlements aquarium folk sports "jatropha dart", according to legend the ritual from the aquarium culture and harvesting practices Tong fruit production, so far there are about three hundred years of history. According to legend, the Ming Dynasty Jiaqing Some aquarium compatriots to escape the official, oppression and bullies to move to the north of Guangxi Yizhou teeth ethnic Yao township residence, near the mountains rich in tung oil, late autumn every year, every household in the mountains harvest jatropha. Apart from labor, one full of harvest joy, in the village erected a bamboo fence, draw a circle as the "target" to Tong fruit as the "Young Master", who cast a prospective match, after the old folk artist by the integration of processing, and aquatic funeral ceremony The "over the flames" combined interpretation of a traditional sports aquarium "Kiriko dart." similar to the original ecology of this minority are more traditional sports, such as Tibet's "ancient flower" Tujia "Anzhao Dance" She's "fire a gun Tam," and so on. Most of these minorities have traditionally sports a hundred years of history, particularly in the more remote settlements of ethnic minorities, the traditional sports of technology both from the external to the internal culture, mixed with a more modernization of small factors, maintaining the original good ecological and natural, to make culture and integrity of the original has been demonstrated.

1.3 The culture of both modern and traditional
Traditional Ethnic Sports Although the emergence and formation of the tradition and history, with more traditional of significance. However, with the development of modern society. Minority Traditional Sports, at the technical level and cultural content, etc., changes are happening quietly. Traditional Ethnic Sports more integration with the development of modern and traditional. This fusion of sports and cultural development of minority culture and modern development due to the overall trend.

Minority culture and the development of foreign cultural exchanges, cultural integration will inevitably produce, add new content and form a new cultural structure. Of course, integration with foreign cultures, the cultural tradition of the revolutionary force is nature, foreign culture integration with the local culture, they gradually adapt to foreign culture to promote the development of the local culture. Traditional Sports Culture in China's own development of physical culture, based on the exchange with other cultures and learning, and promote sports and cultural development of their own and prosperity, the excellent national culture "modernization", the formation marks the fusion of modern and traditional ethnic characteristics of modern cultural patterns. In this regard, especially in traditional ethnic sports in China will be obvious.

National Traditional Ethnic Minority Sports Meet, held in 1953 in the form of folk performances and sports competitions evolved on the basis of the General Assembly. In the new historical period, in order to thoroughly implement the inheritance and development of national policies to further the traditional folk sports, people of all enhance the physical, for the reform and opening up and socialist construction, approved by the State Council, the National Traditional Ethnic Minority Sports by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and the State Sports Committee, jointly organized by the local contractors, held once every 4 years.

Currently, the National Traditional Ethnic Minority Sports includes Snatching, pearl ball, cricket, shuttlecock kicking, take time ball, swing, martial arts, Shenu, dragon boat, playing top, "charge plus", ethnic-style wrestling, and other immediate projects Traditional Ethnic Minority Sports. These are the traditional sports in recent years to reform and modernize them to form the basis of the modern national sport. These projects not only the content of modern sports, but also has a profound traditional sports content.

2 Cultural Functions of Traditional Sports
2.1 The function of national cultural heritage
Traditional sports are the outward manifestation of a national culture, a culture or a manifestation of national spirit is often achieved through the traditional sports. Full of cultural connotations in these sports activities, all reflect a nation's national culture and national spirit. distribution of large areas of China have more minorities, and many ethnic minorities due to the economic level of restrictions, popular culture generally low level of Education. Thus, the ethnic minority traditional sports as an important heritage of traditional culture methods. by various types of traditional sports, traditional sports of the national system of implicit and psychological value orientation and other practices for effective transmission, so as to achieve the purpose of national cultural heritage.

For example, traditional sports activities Tu ethnic festivals and the customs and religious culture has a close relationship. In the first month of the first day, people often gather Tu jump Anzhao dance. Flood the temple, then jump for the ritual exorcism dance. Two days of February, the Sorcerer will be held, will be held before the general horse-racing. The eighth day of June in the fourth and the first month, ninth day in Xining, the Union held a grand temple to the "sun Buddha" ceremony. Congress, held a grand ritual dance and horse racing, archery and other activities. Tu traditional sports and religious worship activities are often accompanied by the line, in the traditional temple and religious activities, to participate in traditional sports activities, people feel the influence of the traditional culture, to teach people to understand and follow Tu The nation's traditional culture, to achieve the function of Tu ethnic cultural heritage.

Traditional sports are all ethnic minorities in the long process of historical development, the accumulation preserved, reflecting the national consciousness and multi-cultural activities of the wealth. Lot of the traditional sports of ethnic minorities from the majority of the religious culture of the ethnic origin and harvest festivals, Therefore, these traditional sports culture and the retention of the record itself is an important form of national culture and the carrier. such as the southwest region of China Yi Torch Festival, Bai, Lisu, Va, Brown, Naxi, pull dry, Pumi and other ethnic minorities in the traditional festival, during the festive season will be a grand variety of traditional sports. It is said that the first Torch is a fire people wandering the land in crops, burned crops to pests in, so get a good agricultural harvest next year. As time goes on, the Torch Festival has become old people to pray for the harvest festival of Vulcan.

On the evening of the fifteenth day of each year, Yi white cottage in the row of fire to the long queue of men and women, shouting all the way, winding across the cottage, around the field to angle, use the torch get rid of their evil, pray for luck and happiness. Therefore, through the participation of these traditional sports, to enhance the traditional festival of cultural memory, so that we understand the different ethnic origins of the ancient life and culture and other aspects of positive significance and value. At present, China has a Research institute dedicated engaged in the protection and development of traditional culture, such as Sun Yat-sen Historical Anthropology Research Center in recent years, national cultural heritage of all the so-called "fossil effort", that is very faithful to retain a sample of an endangered culture, far as possible given some of the modern concept, or to give the modern prejudice.

2.2 The function of building a harmonious society and culture
In 2007, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission Li Dezhu mentioned in his speech: "prosperity and development of minority cultures, is a comprehensive concept of scientific development, harmonious society is an inherent requirement."
Harmonious society is our government's building of socialist culture in recent years, an important goal. Minority Traditional Sports culture as an important content of China's minority cultures, strengthening the minority culture has important practical significance of .2009, "<the State Council on to further the cause of prosperity and development of minority cultures a number of observations>> clearly states that: "Ethnic culture is an important part of Chinese culture, the spirit of the Chinese nation's total wealth. In the long course of historical development, the various nationalities in China have created distinctive and colorful ethnic cultures. of the national culture influence each other, interacting with each other and enhance the vitality and creativity of Chinese culture, constantly enrich and develop the meaning of Chinese culture, Chinese culture and improve the sense of identity and solidarity. The nation for the development and progress of Chinese culture has made its own contribution. "
"Ethnic minority culture reflects the humanistic ideas and values, promote national unity and improve the national cohesion. So harmonious culture of ethnic minority culture is an important part of its rich content and impact of the construction of a harmonious culture. "China is a multi-cultural country, vast territory and nation wide distribution of different ethnic minorities in different geographical environments have created their own national culture. It is more of our national culture will constitute a rich and splendid Chinese culture. minority culture as an important part of our national culture, for the construction and development of national culture has an important value and significance. culture is national, but also the world. Links http://www.hi138.com Research Papers Download cultural diversity of cultural development into the current hot topic. In the long-term cultural development, people increasingly find that cultural diversity is to maintain the vitality of the effective guarantee of national culture, respect their culture, against the hegemony of national culture has become a historical development The indisputable fact. Therefore, the strengthening of traditional ethnic sports culture, its essence is to promote construction and development of minority culture. The prosperity of the minority culture is to build the structure of the important task of cultural diversity, and the ultimate realization of building a socialist harmonious Culture is one important way.

3 Development of Traditional Sports Culture
3.1 Protection of Cultural Consciousness and Culture
"Cultural consciousness" concept, originally proposed by Mr. Fei Xiaotong, China's leading scholars come, the so-called cultural consciousness is "living in a certain culture of people of their culture 'self-knowledge', to understand its origin, formation process , which has the characteristics and trend of its development, self-knowledge is to strengthen the autonomy of cultural transformation, made the decision to adapt to the new environment, a new era of autonomy and cultural choice. "
Cultural awareness of minority physical culture prerequisite for development. To the modern form of speaking, because each of Traditional Sports of factors, the overall number with the country to promote modern competitive sports, whether it is from the reserve personnel, equipment conditions, etc. there is a big gap. This situation indicates that the development of ethnic minority traditional sports culture is not a passive culture of protection, but should have a cultural consciousness of the norm. should take the initiative to establish and strengthen their protection of national culture awareness to seek survival and development.

Some scholars have pointed out: "to live on the level of modernization, the traditional culture of ethnic minorities continue to survive, it can only be general, fundamental adaptive transformation, take the road of integration, and dependence of the edge of the existence of cultural patterns , Significance of the level of modernization from the point of view, the traditional culture of ethnic minorities can be made in a spirit of personal beliefs and life choices within the realm, to a wide range of folk customs and individual form of long-standing interest in life, and In modern society, modern impact the lives of reference. "
3.2 The culture of the modern development and Innovation
Innovation is the vitality of a nation's cultural development, any development in the history of national culture, not a complete change, cultural evolution is widespread in every nation and among the social and cultural development. In recent years, the Chinese government has increased the ethnic minority traditional sports culture to explore and protection. National Traditional Ethnic Minority Sports Meet held every four years term, bringing together the 55 ethnic minorities 160 traditional sports, has become a showcase of traditional sports in China's largest minority platform. In addition, China Governments at all levels attach great importance to protection and development of Traditional Sports, central government policies, laws and funding, both to the ethnic minority regions. According to the State Sports General Administration <<2OO1-2O1O Reform and Development Program for Sports>> requirements, the central increased funding for the support of Minority Area and increase fitness in these areas of engineering and distribution of junior sports clubs, through the implementation of "snow Carbon Project", to a large number of ethnic minority areas stadium reconstruction project. These measures are Traditional Ethnic Sports development to modern trends and signs.

Traditional Ethnic Sports Innovation but also in improving the traditional sports Composing dimension. Back in the nineties of last century, our country carried out large-scale mining folk tradition of collation of sports, of which, only on the order of Traditional Sports out of 676 projects. these items in the efforts of relevant government departments at all levels, some ethnic minorities leave the traditional sports have been National Traditional Ethnic Minority Sports Association and the school classroom. such as the Uighurs held to celebrate the wheat harvest high altitude runner game Late last century, Shahar lost ground once the danger faced, and after mining, sorting, and to promote, present and gained popularity in the Xinjiang region. Again Snatching, shuttlecock and other projects in recent years, traditional minority sports events are also modern reform. Therefore, "all ethnic minority traditional sport is the history of the development process in the long accumulated preserved, reflecting the national consciousness and wealth of diverse cultural activities. It is to explore the origins and development of sports form the various stages of the 'living fossil', is mining and the creation of new forms of sports and a source of value can not be underestimated. "
4 Conclusion
Traditional Physical Culture is an important part of national culture, strengthen the construction of ethnic minority traditional sports culture, for the promotion of minority cultures and even the prosperity of our national culture has far-reaching significance. Minority Traditional Sports Culture is a national construction and development business, establish a national cultural consciousness and awareness of the protection of cultural development, carding Traditional Ethnic Sports Features and functions, for the modernization of Traditional Sports has a good role in promoting development.

References
[1] ou Kun Bo, the. Clouds Yunnan culture. Editor's note bar [M]. Shenyang: Liaoning Education Press, 1998:2.

[2] Zuo Wen Hui, Chen Zhenyong. Traditional Western Regional Sports Development Theoretical Inquiry into the sports culture [J]. Chengdu Institute of Physical Education, 2008,34 (1) :14-18.

[3] Man Show. Aquarium Kiriko dart Northwest sports culture value and practical significance [J]. SPORT, 2009,28 (3) :24-44.

[4] for further prosperity and development of the State Council on the number of minority cultural views [EB / OL]. http://politics. peo ~ e. con. cn/GB/1026/9711514. htll
[5] Kai-tone music, Zhou Meijing. Construction of a Harmonious culture and cultural development in ethnic minority [J]. Chongqing Social Science, 2008 (2) :49-52.

[6] Fei. Anthropology and cultural consciousness of [M]. Beijing: Huaxia Publishing House, 2OO4: 69.

[7] Lin Qing, Li Xu. Ethnic Minorities in China Urbanization Prospects of traditional culture [J]. Yunnan University for Nationalities (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2009,26 (4) :17-21.

[8] Hu Xiaoming. Traditional Sports of Ethnic Minorities in China the value of cultural diversity [J]. Physical Education, 2007,14 (8) :5-9. Links to Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com