ISO9000 family of standards-based supply chain quality management implementation framework

Abstract: The supply chain quality management is extremely important, needs to draw on the definition of ISO9000 quality management in the supply chain to create a framework for the implementation of quality management and quality, respectively, from the supply chain planning, supply chain, quality control, supply chain quality improvement and supply chain quality assurance four aspects of the system in the supply chain to understand the core enterprise in the implementation of supply chain quality management measures to be taken, and can make use of quality management tools.

Keywords:: ISO9000, supply chain, quality management

Abstract:
This paper explains the necessity of implementing supply chain quality management by drawing on the definition of quality management in ISO9000. The scheme include four parts, iesupply chain quality planning, supply chain quality control, supply chain quality improvement and supply chain quality assurance. It presents the measures and quality management tools which can be used in a core enterprise in supply chain quality management.

Keywords::

The quality of American management expert Dr. Zhu Lan once said: The 20th century was the century of productivity, the quality of the 21st century will be the century. Thus, at this stage, an enterprise quality management is essential. The traditional quality management based on the enterprise, its drawbacks are gradually becoming apparent: in 2001 the world's third-largest mobile phone maker Ericsson as a major supplier of product quality original errors were forced to suspend production, resulting in co-production with Sony phone ^{[ 5]} .2005 Sudan KFC event final investigation is to contain Sudan dyes in chilli sauce powder, chili powder, all purchased from Zhumadian a small condiment company, according to statistics which caused direct losses to Kentucky Only 4 days to 26 million, indirect loss is immeasurable. so similar incidents too numerous to mention in the corporate operations, we can see competition in the market today is not the quality of a single enterprise competition, but the quality of its own supply chain competition. practice supply chain quality management is the trend. Otherwise, the supply chain product or service quality problems caused by the enterprise product rework, poor sales, customer complaints, maintenance, etc. will result in great loss. 

A, ISO9000 family of quality management in the four cornerstones of the standard 

ISO9000 family of standards as the international standard of quality management has been widely promoted in the world, in the 2000 version of the ISO9000 family of standards for quality management is defined as follows ^[3]: 
Quality management: the quality of command and control organizations to coordinate activities. The so-called command and control organizations, coordinating activities, often including quality planning, quality control, quality assurance and quality improvement. 
Quality Planning: Quality management part, is committed to setting quality objectives and to provide necessary operational processes and related resources in order to achieve its quality goals. Quality plan should include: product planning, management and operational planning and the preparation of quality plan three elements . 
Quality Control: Quality management part, to meet quality requirements. Through a series of operational techniques and activities affecting the quality of the whole process, machine, material, method, measurement, environmental factors to control and eliminate lead product Quality can not suffer all the reasons to meet quality requirements, to reduce Economic losses, to obtain Economic benefits. 
Quality assurance: part of quality management is committed to providing quality requirements will be met by the trust. The purpose of starting the enterprise into internal quality assurance quality assurance and external quality assurance categories. 
Quality improvement: the quality part of the management, enhancing the ability to meet quality requirements. Enterprises should ensure that the quality management implementation framework to promote and facilitate continuous quality improvement, quality management of its effectiveness and efficiency of customer satisfaction can, and bring lasting benefits companies. 
Quality planning, quality control, quality improvement and quality assurance of the quality management covers all the content. Juran has the quality planning, quality control and quality improvement as the quality management trilogy. ISO9000 family of standards, he also added quality assurance. Can The four aspects that form the four cornerstones of quality management. 
I believe that the relationship between these four cornerstones are: enterprises must develop in line with the quality of the business plan, which is necessary to formulate quality goals to be achieved, then the activities of the whole process when the factors affecting the quality of quality control, measuring actual the quality of the results, compared with the quality objectives, if not to achieve quality goals, you need to analyze the reasons for quality improvement, resulting in a higher level than on activities. If the goal is to achieve higher quality goals established more than re-active. With the constant incremental way, enterprises will continue to improve quality assurance, to get more confidence. Therefore, quality management, the cornerstone of relations between the four available Figure 1:


Second, supply chain quality management 

Since the 20th century, the concept of 60 years since the emergence of the supply chain, the supply chain, the rapid Development of the theory and practice. The supply chain is among enterprises with raw materials, components, products, services, suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and customers composed of business networks. Figure 2 shows a typical supply chain based on the core business structure. It can be seen from Figure 2, the core business and logistics enterprises in the supply chain plays an important role. 
Core business is the supply chain, organizers and sponsors, and its position in the supply chain also determines the supply chain from the core business of quality management as the main body. Should focus on the core enterprise in the implementation of supply chain quality management, the need to take measures and can use quality management tools and techniques. 
Logistics supply chain quality management also plays an important role in the supply chain will be involved in each transport link to the logistics company, without a good reputation and high quality services and logistics business, the quality of the whole supply chain can cause extremely a big impact. 
Supply chain quality management is distributed in the whole supply chain of product quality within the scope of the production, the formation and implementation of process management, in order to achieve supply chain quality control and quality assurance. In the supply chain, production, sales , service companies need to have completed supply chain, product quality and the objective is a joint undertaking of all members of the supply chain and achieve, but the quality of the formation and implementation process is actually distributed within the entire supply chain. from Figure 2 to Look, the quality of product manufacturing from raw materials suppliers, component suppliers, assembly, logistics companies and a joint undertaking of the core business, quality of product distribution by distributors, retailers and logistics companies jointly guarantee, service quality by the service provider guaranteed. shows great emphasis on supply chain quality management among enterprises in collaborative quality assurance. and should focus from the core business of supply chain quality management implementation. 

Third, based on the ISO9000 family of standards for supply chain quality management implementation framework 

The author proposed ISO9000 family of standards-based supply chain quality management framework is subject to the implementation of ISO9000 quality management standard definition of family inspired departure from the four cornerstones of quality management at the supply chain, quality planning, supply chain quality control, quality improvement and supply chain four aspects of chain quality assurance system, expounded the subject as a core enterprise supply chain, how these four aspects of supply chain quality management, every aspect of the theory given in detail, measures, methods, available tools.


(A supply chain quality management implementation framework of the quality planning 
1. In theory 
As the quality of the core enterprises in the supply chain planning should follow the following principles: 
(1) the quality of the entire supply chain planning.  Links to Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com (2) select high quality suppliers and logistics enterprises, be concise. 
(3) establish a unified, clear quality standards. 
2. For enterprises 
As the quality of the core enterprises in the supply chain planning, you can implement the following measures: 
(1) Set quality objectives throughout the supply chain and provides the necessary operating procedures and related resources in order to achieve its quality goals. Key to the preparation of supply chain quality management plan. 
(2) should establish a core business for suppliers and logistics enterprises a comprehensive, accurate, and dynamic performance evaluation system. Based on previous evaluation of business performance, for good supplier performance incentives should be given for non-performance good supplier should be based on the specific circumstances of specific measures. for enterprise performance evaluation should be dynamic, based on the importance of the supply of different products, you can set different performance evaluation cycle ^[3]. 
(3) the quality of the supply chain planning supply chain need to review the lifetime of all nodes companies need. Is not the size of the supply chain the bigger the better. The more nodes, the more possibility of problems for the core businesses, the greater the difficulty of quality control. 
(4) core business should be the supplier of raw materials quality and production process quality demands. In describing the product quality standards of the time to try to be accurate, there must be a unified standard format to be able to eliminate and suppliers because of product understanding of the requirements of the different quality of the goods caused by decreased ^[1]. 
In practice, as the quality of the core enterprises in the supply chain planning, can use the following techniques and tools: 
Decision support system, AHP method, dynamic game, Nash equilibrium, the tree diagram, Gantt chart. 
(B supply chain quality management framework for the implementation of quality control 
1. In theory 
As the core enterprises in supply chain quality control, should follow the following principles: 
(1) point of inter-enterprise supply chain quality control should be implemented in advance. 
(2) core business should be to strengthen the supply chain point of the supervisory role of corporate quality. 
(3) core business, and other nodes should strengthen cooperation between enterprises. 
(4) the establishment of coordinated real-time feedback on the quality of the information platform. 
2. For enterprises 
As the core enterprises in supply chain quality control, can be implemented the following measures: 
(1) to break the corporate walls, with key component suppliers and logistics enterprises to establish long-term strategic cooperative partnership, in addition to the written form by a contract binding, but the two sides to establish mutual trust in business and intellectual atmosphere. 
(2) core business by other nodes in the trust business, you can send relevant personnel into the enterprise quality monitoring and inspection department, so that sampling can be eliminated after delivery and found that the supply rate of qualified products do not meet the standard return loss. Or you can set up special quality of an organization to coordinate tasks, distribution of quality plan and supervise the effectiveness of inter-enterprise quality system. 
(3) on the basis of mutual trust, an advanced management information system to achieve within the entire supply chain, the quality of information sharing, quality of feedback and quality optimization. 
(4) using various statistical methods and quality of statistical analysis tools to analyze the quality of the supply chain links, and the quality prediction. 
(5) core enterprise should be strictly distributor management, product marketing rights to the distributor, but can not be transferred. Respond to the sales price, the end user, the registration of cross-selling strictly to prevent malicious competition. 
(6) Select the advanced logistics companies for the movement of goods can be tracked in real time. 
In practice, as the core enterprises in supply chain quality control, can use the following techniques and tools: 
Management information systems, bar code technology, histogram, control charts, scatter. 
(C supply chain quality management framework for the implementation of quality improvement 
1. In theory 
Enterprises in the supply chain as a core quality improvement should follow the following principles: 
(1) the core business from the perspective of the entire supply chain under the control of the reasonable cost of quality improvement. 
(2) based on the principle barrel, focusing on improving the weak link in the supply chain ^[2]. 
2. For enterprises 
As the core enterprises in supply chain quality improvement, can be implemented the following measures: 
(1) in supply chain management in the establishment of specialized institutions responsible for the management of continuous improvement. Its main responsibilities are: Development of supply chain quality 
The amount of improvement objectives and strategies, enterprise planning and conflict of interest between the project coordination, quality improvement of supply chain monitoring and evaluation of results, rewards. 
(2) companies can try to use the value of the analysis or the application of technical analysis components of the system to determine whether the entire supply chain to operate in the optimal state. 
(3) data mining or statistical analysis techniques to identify the weak links in the supply chain, the core business by providing capital, technology, personnel, equipment or training to help improve the weak links, to ensure the quality systems integration. 
In practice, as the core enterprises in the supply chain quality improvement, can use the following techniques and tools: 
Data mining techniques, cause and effect diagram, affinity diagram, association plans, to determine the priority matrix, PDPC method, radar. 
(D supply chain quality management framework for the implementation of quality assurance 
1. In theory 
Enterprises in the supply chain as a core of quality assurance should follow the following principles: 
(1) quality problems, should be correct, sincere attitude response to senior management and social enterprise. 
(2) the quality of world-renowned certification body for approval. 
2. For enterprises 
Enterprises in the supply chain as a core of quality assurance, it can implement the following measures: 
(1) requires the supply chain point of the core business enterprises to issue a quality assurance plan. At the same time a supplier has the responsibility to ensure that the two suppliers to ensure products are the same. 
(2) core business is best to let the design of the product of professional world-renowned international testing agency or certification body involved. Timely request for the purpose of the certification market and will greatly help the core business to ensure the efficient production processes, cost savings, so that the entire supply chain are satisfied with every aspect of ^[4]. 
(3) major products and services should strive to be recognized by China Certification & Inspection Group. 
In practice, as the core enterprises in the supply chain quality assurance, can use the following techniques and tools: HACCP, KCDS, LINT. 

Fourth, the conclusion 

Traditional quality management focused on internal process, and less attention to external processes, quality control of upstream and downstream nodes is a constraint and acceptance of orders based solely on the quality of the relationship between constraints, nodes and lack of cooperation between the relatively closed. So More and more enterprises begin to implement supply chain quality management, quality management in many studies in the literature, given the quality of supply chain management literature is not uncommon, but not the system, the authors highlighted in this paper based on the ISO9000 supply chain quality management implementation framework. 
The implementation of the framework consists of four sections: the core of the quality of enterprise supply chain planning, supply chain quality control of the core, the core of supply chain quality improvement, the core of supply chain quality assurance. 
Each section contains the following three parts: 
First, the core enterprises in supply chain quality management principles to be followed. Specifically shows what each section should follow the principle, from the theoretical level of supply chain quality management guidance. 
Second, the core enterprises in supply chain quality management measures can be implemented. Specifically shows what measures can be implemented for each section, from the practice of supply chain quality management guidance. 
Third, the core enterprises in supply chain quality management of technology and tools can be used. The so-called must first sharpen his tools. With a good quality management tools, can greatly improve the efficiency of supply chain quality management. 
The above, companies will shift from the traditional quality management model for supply chain quality management to provide comprehensive guidance, there is reference to its specific implementation.

References:
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[3] Ma Bookstore, Tang Xiaoqing. Characteristics of supply chain quality management and strategy [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2001 (9): 32-33.

[4] Qian Ying. SCOR-based supply chain management and incentive mechanism quality process [J]. Business Economics, 2007 (27): 28-29.

[5] Xiong, Liu Nan. Supply chain competitiveness and Economic Development [M]. Beijing: Aviation Industry Press, 2006:196-198.

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