Internal financial controls local colleges Problems and Solutions

[Abstract] With the continuous development of colleges and universities, how to make local College of internal financial control fully and effectively perform its functions and role of schools to better promote the internal management of many local universities has become a new face subject.

[Keywords:] local colleges and universities; internal financial control; system construction

As China's socialist market economy system and Education system reform, not only many of the provincial Ministry of Education, universities and colleges directly under a lot of changes, local colleges and universities as legal entities and business, internal and external environment has also undergone a very Big change, economic activities have become increasingly active and complex. local universities in Education, teaching reform and logistical process of social reform, there have been many new situations and new problems, traditional and relatively simple internal financial control in local colleges face huge challenge. for local universities and the status of internal financial control problems, we need to study them in depth.


First, the domestic local colleges of internal financial control problems

(A) lack of knowledge of internal financial control, accounting, basic work is weak
Higher "unified leadership, centralized management," or "unified leadership and decentralized management" of the financial management system, all income and expenditure into the school budget management. But a considerable part of the local colleges are still used to plan the management of the economic model , as long as the budget implementation, there is no need to emphasize the internal financial control, or even one-sided view that the implementation of the budget is the internal financial control. Therefore, many local colleges often do not take the initiative to establish internal financial control system or simply to copy the higher authorities of the financial management of the school's internal financial control system. Although some schools to establish appropriate internal financial control system, but often they are stop-gap measures, and not from the whole control system and the accounting internal control environment to establish a set of system, so it is easy to work in practice there are some problems, such as: the accounting job responsibilities are not clear, is to serve as accountants and accounting positions as the audit office, contrary to the containment system of accounting work; finance the withdrawal of non-compliance with basic system and audit system, weakening the financial accounting of the accounting function; some of the accounting team of University poor stability, professional quality is not high, resulting in basic accounting work is weak, and so on. these are local colleges on the internal financial control caused by lack of knowledge.

(B) lack of evaluation mechanisms and rewards and penalties, accounting, lax supervision
Many local colleges are not really internal financial control system, the implementation, auditing and limited in scope, sweeping to the point on behalf of the face, the lack of completeness and comprehensiveness. For example, although some local colleges in accordance with national and local Government provides for the incentive provisions, but not institutionalized, resulting in some staff that perform or not does not matter, combined with no inspection, assessment of internal financial control system, the implementation of the corresponding organs, thus weakening the school staff to implement the system of internal financial control awareness and vigilance. Some of the work of local colleges and universities there is the financial mechanism is not perfect because of the internal control, accounting, inadequate supervision, accounting disorder caused by the proliferation of false accounts, financial information distortion and other more serious problems, such as routine Indian single (ticket) in charge of the system, important gaps in evidence storage system and accounting personnel with the division of labor in the "internal check" principle of no real implementation; some even call the school funds without authorization by the power of foreign investment income are not recorded, Zhongbao pockets, misappropriation of national interests. compared directly under the Ministry of Education and the provincial universities, local colleges and universities appraisal system is not perfect, it is prone to these problems.

(C) weak internal control system, the implementation had little effect
Higher internal financial control is one of the important role of the university's internal financial controls in real-time monitoring of the implementation and the improvements made to ensure the healthy operation of the university financial system. At present there are many local universities are already in the system reform establishment of the corresponding internal financial control system and institutions, but the actual effect, the obvious case of poor implementation. outstanding performance as a system is not implemented, or implementation of the system in place, and even some leading cadres lack of financial laws and regulations related to knowledge, the establishment does not understand the significance of internal financial control system, so get in the way that the existing system, resulting in poor implementation of internal control, internal financial controls and did not play its due role, the results are greatly reduced.


Second, to strengthen internal financial controls local colleges Countermeasures

(A) the establishment of a comprehensive budget system for local colleges
Comprehensive budget system not only applies directly under the Ministry of Education, provincial universities, the same applies to local colleges. A comprehensive budget covering college teaching, Research, logistics, industry and other aspects. Financial budget financial budget should be formed to teaching, Research and finance two core budget, including the infrastructure at the infrastructure budget, independent accounting industrial centers, school-run enterprises turned over to a subsidiary unit of semi-autonomous budget and accounting back-office operating budget contracting projects such as the contents of a comprehensive budget system. place of the university to be based on "living within our means, balance of payments," the general principle of robustness principle and the "balanced, to ensure focus, hard work, thrift," the principle of leadership responsibility to develop all the content related to the overall budget.

First, local colleges and universities should set up a leading group overall budget to consider the establishment of financial institutions, secondary school programs, the school's budget proposals; review the school budget adjustments; monitoring the implementation of school budgets.

The school principal is responsible Audited annual financial budget and adjustment programs, infrastructure development, self-infrastructure projects, loan schemes, school financing plans; responsible Audited annual school budget. The leadership in charge of the school budget is responsible for the use of funds within the school leaders responsible for financial revenue and expenditure for approval by the school system's requirements and approve the allocation of cuts to the departments in charge of the school leaders should be in charge of approving the expenditure of funds to schools, to keep the charge of departmental use of the school budget, reasonable arrangement of funds, improve capital efficiency.

The work of school leaders in charge of Finance is responsible for organizing the preparation and implementation of the school annual financial budget; financial revenue and expenditure under the approval of the school system's request, approval or consideration of the budget adjustments and ultra-budget expenditures. Preparation of the budget to adhere to the "live within our means, balance of payments," the general principles, not the preparation of consolidated financial resources beyond the school budget deficit; do not have a special-purpose special funds, loans, donations and other funds as the school's own budget; balanced, to ensure focus, diligence and thrift, not arbitrarily expand the range of expenditures to ensure real expenditure, legitimacy, efficiency in the use of funds to improve schools.

Director of Finance is responsible for financial supervision and control of the school budget implementation and enforcement, according to the school annual budget, revenue and actively organize and supervise the various departments of revenue turned over to school full time, and resolutely stop the "small treasuries" and internal funds in vitro cycle such discipline; strict enforcement of school budgets, control and change the budget funds without the use of financial expenditure, capital expenditure on various criteria, scope and legality of expenditure on supervision and scrutiny, to prevent waste and loss of money regularly to higher authorities and school leaders report on budget implementation.

(B) establish a standardized system of internal control
Internal control system is the basis for financial control, no internal control system, financial control will be impossible, illusory. From the internal financial control situation and problems of view, local colleges and universities must establish effective internal control system, and be standardized, systematic, institutionalized, making it a strict and complete system. so as to minimize the risk of internal financial control of local universities.

Local Colleges and regulate the internal control system should focus on organizational structure and division of responsibilities, authority to authorize, accounting records, asset protection and other important aspects of the organization and its implementation. Local universities to set a standard internal control system, first of all from the local the organizational structure of universities started, including: determining the organization of schools, specifically related to the management functions and reporting relationships, as well as secondary units within the division of responsibility for the school authority. Second, the approval authority should establish a standard system, a clear general local colleges authority and the responsibility and authority specifically authorized, and each business transaction is authorized to approve programs. Again, the establishment of a standardized internal control system needs a complete accounting records control system. local universities to implement the accounting records of the accounting body control, the establishment of accounting staff jobs responsibility of the accounting division of the scientific staff, and make it a separate and checks and balances, so that businesses can effectively prevent the economy from the omission, repetition, revealing some of the drawbacks of the problem. Finally, it should establish a standard of local universities asset protection and control, through the kind of procurement, storage, delivery and control all aspects of sales, can effectively prevent loss of state assets of local colleges and universities.

(C) strengthening of internal audit work
Local government and university audit departments should take the initiative in a planned way, and two local universities the financial field grade regular financial audits and special audits, the auditing by the audit and finance law, audited financial statements and accounting documents, evaluation authenticity of financial information, the risks, reduce or avoid loss of assets. on major investment projects of local universities, do a good job before, during, after the audit. through pre-audit assessment of the size of venture capital to avoid investment risks caused by policy mistakes ; through the things in the internal management audit to identify control points, to correct deviations and control risk; through profit or loss after the audit to identify the authenticity of, and reasons for the recommendations to improve management, increase economic efficiency. local colleges have to pay full attention to the audit the role and status, only to strengthen internal control and audit the school, to be fully accounting oversight functions, maintenance of local and school interests, and promote the healthy development of education. Links http://www.hi138.com Research Papers Download (D) the establishment of organizational supervision and supervision by the masses of the financial supervision system, the combination of
Internal financial control of local universities to do more than just the financial sector, the internal financial controls often require multisectoral cooperation to complete, it must establish and improve the financial, auditing, monitoring, state-owned assets, personnel, equipment and other related departmental oversight body, accordance with the relevant laws and regulations of internal control in accordance with law. local government and local universities should establish appropriate accountability system for non-compliance of internal financial control responsibilities of the departments and individuals to conduct accountability of those responsible for an economic loss to pursue the administrative , economic, and legal responsibilities. At the same time, should actively guide the mass supervision and supervision by the masses by the masses and social groups, institutions of local economic activities of college finance the implementation of democratic supervision, internal financial control is an effective way. by soliciting public view and accept their supervision, increase the transparency of the financial economic work, so that democratic financial management, financial disclosure, mass organizations to play (such as the local university unions, the democratic parties, etc.) the internal financial control activities in the supervisory role, are supervision by the masses and effective form of internal financial control. the only way to establish financial control within the organization and supervision by the masses combination of internal financial control system in order to most effectively play the internal financial control on the role of local universities.

(V) establishment of internal financial control mechanisms for the coordination of relevant departments
Local universities are at a critical period in the education system reform, institutional reform, education reform is carried out simultaneously, to adapt to the new situation of internal management systems are established and continuously improved, in the interests of all parties in conflict, internal financial control perform their duties, often will play a supervisory functions, including local and higher authorities face various difficulties and obstacles, coupled with the internal financial control means and the limitations of their own, without being supervised sector collaboration, cooperation and understanding, monitoring the smooth implementation of the project is difficult. no place and the higher authorities to support and cooperate with relevant departments to help eliminate obstacles and interference, internal control and supervision of the conclusions are difficult to implement. Therefore, only the relevant departments to establish and improve the coordination mechanism, local colleges to the financial oversight function effectively.


III Conclusion

With college enrollment, the increase in the number of staff, local government funds have been expanding investment in education, local colleges and universities increased the amount of economic business, which means the internal control of local universities need to continue to expand the content and scope. Meanwhile, Local Colleges and internal financial control system itself also needs to constantly innovate and improve, to overcome its inherent shortcomings. In short, the internal financial control system is the local college management system an integral part. local universities to develop internal financial control system and will directly affect the implementation of the reform of local universities and the development process, thereby affecting the entire national education strategy. face the new situation brought about by the development of higher education, we must thoroughly consider and continue to study local Higher risk of internal financial controls and countermeasures.


[References]
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[2] Lau Yat-sing, Siona. On local college financial risk control [J]. China's township enterprises accounting, 2008 (7): 81.

[3] Li Zhixin. On Several Issues of Internal Audit Thought [J]. Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Technology, 2003 (4): 77.

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