Effective management of high-tech enterprises

Continuous innovation is the essential characteristic of high-tech enterprises
In 2008, the Ministry of Finance, the House Administration of Taxation jointly issued the <<high-tech enterprise management approach>> the same time, release the key support of Figure 8 home high-tech fields. Including electronic information technology, biotechnology and drug technology, aerospace technology, materials technology village, high-tech services, new energy and energy technology, resource and environmental technology, high technology to transform traditional industries, compared to the original identification methods, new approaches are ability of independent R & D and innovation as the core to identify high-tech enterprises:
Innovative high-tech enterprises and university institutes, Research and innovation are quite different <<methods>> requirements. High-tech enterprises should be the key support at the national high-tech fields, continuous Research and development and technological achievements. The formation of core intellectual property, as the basis for carrying out production and business activities. Can be said that high-tech industry more than the practical pursuit of innovation, efficiency, innovation, Research and practice is a process of deepening interaction, this process carriers of knowledge, embodied in the design, creative copywriting, solutions, operating manuals, etc.:
Therefore, the accumulation of knowledge effectively, a high degree of sharing, and efficient reuse of high-tech enterprises is a basic work: In this sense, to achieve the effective management of high-tech enterprises, need Knowledge Management theories, methods and tools used to find the answer.

High-tech enterprises operating mode and characteristics
The rise of high-tech industry has brought significant changes in business model 80 .20 century. Manufacturing is to advocate the standardization of products, customer delivery, 90's, the service industry business model is to provide professional services. At present, High-tech companies have broken the boundaries of manufacturing and service industries, they provide a solution. The so-called solution is to pin a pair of customers. to provide services from product to package, the ultimate goal is to solve customer problems.

Solution is the core of this business model projects, such as "Digital" system integration solutions, "clean water sources," the large-scale sewage treatment and recycling solutions project as a whole, its main business model is to operate the project The.

In addition to high-tech enterprise business model inherent characteristics of the project, but also has the following distinct operational characteristics:
Knowledge of the project has a decisive role in the success or failure
Projects in program design, program implementation and other key aspects of a high professional knowledge and experience requirements that often require highly experienced senior staff to be competent; in technology development areas, showed a strong reproduction, can take advantage of the past the accumulation of professional knowledge requirements are lower.

In such projects, the contribution of knowledge to the project is greater than human labor, investment in knowledge of key people will be a richly rewarding and promoting the project efficient, high quality completion.

Copy the project and project innovation is Key
High-tech business will generally be the first project as a benchmark project, will spend a lot of energy to operate, and then to undertake more projects. In the follow-up project, the project will continue the practice of benchmarking, re-benchmarking project design ideas, a continue to improve aspects of the business in succession, on the other through inheritance reduce costs and improve operational efficiency.

At the same time, the solution possesses a universal adaptability, mainly for customers in their specific circumstances to the specific implementation. Therefore, the project, but also for innovative design to customer needs in order to effectively solve practical problems and achieve customer goals. This Innovative solutions will continue to enrich the content, to promote high-tech enterprises to go further in the road of independent innovation.

Dominated by knowledge workers and requires a strong ability to innovate
The staff are mostly high-tech enterprise knowledge workers, highly educated, highly skilled, high-quality "three high" characteristics, learning ability, ability to comprehend than the strong. Especially the front-line staff in the process of project implementation, the client's specific needs will stimulate their ideas, to motivate employees to create innovative designs have emerged.

Effectively absorb innovations and rapid transformation to become operational capacity, the high-tech business growth needs, but also on the recognition of the value of knowledge workers, to motivate employees to work harder.

Strong technical management personnel in the management of
High-tech enterprise's management team has a strong technical background general, executives are doing most of the technical background, with extensive technology management experience and strong technical ability, but not familiar routine of management, management single, lack of management tools. Therefore, when the business process, organizational structure, human resources management problems, high-tech enterprise of the management team often helpless, needs the help of external forces can be resolved.

Management challenges faced by high-tech enterprises
Corresponds to its own business model and operating characteristics of high-tech enterprises in the management of traditional businesses that there are a series of different and difficult problems in management is "excellent", directly related to the ability of the business from the start of a smooth transition to the growth stage. the management of high-tech enterprises can be attributed to the "three difficult", that is working hard to manage, difficult to quantify the performance, knowledge sharing is difficult, it is common knowledge economy business management problems in high-tech enterprises was particularly prominent.

Difficult to manage work
Course of the project the decisive role of knowledge, the management of the project work directly affected by the knowledge. We all know, the staff of the absorption of knowledge, master, then innovation is a creative work, ability and quality of well received by staff, but also by the ease of knowledge, it is a direct result of project management is difficult, as difficult to control the progress of work, work quality management difficult.

In addition, the knowledge workers a strong sense of self-worth, personality prominent advocate freedom. Without good management, with many high-tech knowledge workers often trapped in loss of control of the ���� will lead to the formation of force, low business execution.

Difficult to quantify the performance
High degree of knowledge, participation, performance appraisal work on the project can not ignore the value of knowledge, which makes high-tech enterprise performance management can not be used or the time of traditional way of the piece, but to the contribution of knowledge, a comprehensive measure of employee engagement . While knowledge is considered to be related to energy, materials, equally or even more important, but currently does not have a recognized measure of knowledge, academic knowledge of test theory is even more mixed, not operational. Therefore, the high-tech enterprises to establish reflect the value of a set of quantitative indicators of knowledge is very difficult, so difficult for knowledge workers to make a reasonable assessment of the value and rewards. Links http://www.hi138.com Research Papers Download is difficult to share knowledge
Knowledge can be divided into explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge, explicit knowledge recorded in written way, the performance of the program, manuals, tacit knowledge is solidified in the minds of employees, performance of intuition, thoughts, work habits, sharing of knowledge can greatly improve the efficiency of the project. But in reality, knowledge and personnel attached to the project, the enterprise employees the knowledge stored in personal computers scattered, with the rapid growth of knowledge and individual knowledge of the continually updated Knowledge is easy with the end of the project, staff changes and turnover, showing the "people throw away job" phenomenon, the formation process of enterprise development has not been the accumulation of knowledge, existing knowledge is difficult to share.

Building a Knowledge Management-based business management system for high-tech enterprises
To provide solutions for the main mode of operation, high-tech enterprises should establish knowledge as the core enterprise business operations and management system, with the idea of ​​Knowledge Management work hard to solve management, performance difficult to quantify, difficult to share knowledge, three major problems, the maximum Limit play to the strengths of high-tech enterprises.

From Scientific Management to Knowledge Management
Management activities has a long history, but to truly become a science, with a relatively complete theoretical system, began in the early 20th century, "Taylor system" as the representative of scientific management. In the scientific management, through the standardization of the work of the workers , standardized, widely promoted to improve efficiency, companies have recognized standardized, explicit knowledge of the value of the production efficiency, and by piece-rate system, the system functions of the foreman, with the exception of workers to maximize the principle of initiative and creativity. Although scientific management found the importance of knowledge, but scientific knowledge for Knowledge Management is still considerable limitations. Scientific management has two on the premise of knowledge, one manager to master all the knowledge workers, and second, the workers do not need to knowledge. in the scientific management, recognizes only managers have the knowledge, managers make all standards, working only play by the rules, this is a historical limitations.

With the knowledge economy era, knowledge becomes the core resource, knowledge workers become the subject of scientific management faced a great challenge. Early in the 20th century, 90's, management guru Peter Drucker in the "<after the capital society>> that: "We are entering a knowledge society, knowledge has become the core of intellectual capital is greater than the proportion of capital funds; in the knowledge society, knowledge becomes the most important factors of production components, will be allocated One of the main basis; knowledge is increasingly replaced by power and capital, become the world's forward momentum. "Thus, the concept of knowledge management came into being.

Knowledge management concepts, including, managers can not grasp all the knowledge workers, the workers also need knowledge, effective knowledge management will help enterprises to form a competitive advantage. Knowledge management is the same strain of the management and scientific management ideas, knowledge and value of play is more focus on management thinking, is suitable for high-tech enterprise management thinking.

Knowledge management-based management system design
Great strategy consulting firm after a long study and practice of knowledge management cycle is proposed that the PDCA a KS, can be used to guide high-tech enterprise business management system design.

Deming PDCA cycle, also known as Central, is the United States first proposed Deming quality management experts, which includes continuous improvement and continuous learning cycle of four steps, namely, plan (Plan), Executive (Do), check (Check / Study) improve the (Act), is a model of continuous quality improvement. We join in this model two factors, one is K, the Knowledge (knowledge), refers to the entire cycle of the accumulation of knowledge produced; one is S, that Share (shared), means an entire cycle to provide a good knowledge-sharing environment, such as shared culture, shared platforms. PDCA applied a KS high-tech enterprise business management system, the first solution to firmly grasp project operation mode, project management, business management system as the main line. and then, knowledge management, business management system should be an integral part.

High-tech enterprise business management system, project management and knowledge management will be composed of two parts, such as personnel, capital, knowledge management as the main three elements of the object to plans and performance as the primary management tool.

Project management business process to be further standardized, abstract, summarize a standardized project management processes, such as project development, project approval, project operation, project acceptance, project completion and other aspects of the process, the management of the project is mainly reflected in the progress of management, quality management , cost management, communication management. Knowledge management is the business of knowledge generated in the process (work documents, design report, summing up the work, etc.) the whole process of acquisition, accumulation, sharing, communication, and promote orderly storage of knowledge to facilitate Some companies use own knowledge.

For the personnel, capital, knowledge, three factors were described as follows: personnel: focus on knowledge workers, from recruitment, training, personnel, compensation, assessment and other aspects of a full range of management and improve the organization's human resource management, continuously for enterprise development to provide adequate personnel.

Funding: around the budget and expenditure, funds for the project in the overall management, improve project cost accounting standards.

Knowledge: the knowledge generated by the project management to focus on objects in the project implementation process of the accumulation of knowledge, and promote the reuse of project knowledge.

In order for effective business management system up and running, the following two management tools is essential.

Planning tool: the project down into a plan, the implementation of specific time, specific charge, which helps improve the organization's executive power.

Performance Tools: establishing a scientific quantitative project performance evaluation system, a reasonable allocation of the performance, so that knowledge can motivate employees, increase employee value to the enterprise acceptance.

In contrast, the implementation of planning tools is a tool to promote the functioning of the entire enterprise; and performance tool is a motivational tool to promote corporate strategic direction toward the enterprise. Reposted elsewhere in the Research Papers Download http://www.hi138. com