Supervision and management of construction quality and Countermeasures

Abstract: In construction work, good or bad quality of the project is directly related to people's lives and property and economic interests, and how to better improve the management of project quality is the key. To this end, the author of the current quality of construction on the decline and construction quality problems in some of the common conduct a comprehensive analysis, and proposed construction quality supervision of the appropriate measures and countermeasures for reference.

Keywords:: construction; quality supervision; cause analysis; Strategy

1, construction reasons for the decline of the quality of
With the construction of the rapid economic development, the growing scale of urban construction. But the general point of view, China's current level of construction quality is not optimistic. Summed up this issue. Has the following performance:
(1) a considerable portion of inferior construction quality, seriously affecting the use of function;
(2) serious risks in many Engineering structures, and even lead to building collapse;
(3) Decoration of poor quality, drainage, electrical, gas, fire and other facilities can not meet the safety requirements;
(4) has not been possible to establish the appropriate institutions and operational procedures.

The quality of the building housing the masses, often channel of complaint, no one accepted; not in the building sector to implement the <<Product Quality Law "> up with a viable means of implementation. If the accident on the construction quality of housing standards and compensation claims procedures, on construction quality of the arbitration and arbitration procedures. no practical ways of implementation, there is no legal system construction quality management, not yet formed a regular social supervision mechanism. the quality of supervision of building works at present is only to stay a while in the call, caught a burst of state, the limelight is over, and restitution.

Decline in construction quality caused by many reasons:
1) is the quality of Law is not perfect, Law enforcement is not enough;
2) the construction market behavior is not standardized, strict supervision and investigation. Some of the construction unit will be sub-projects in parts long, and some over-the cost down, some to buy poor quality construction materials, equipment and took it to the construction units to use, and some Project construction unit layers of subcontractors;
3) is the business thinking is not correct, deregulation, and even cut corners;
4) is the number of poor quality construction materials to enter the site. The establishment and development of market economy, breaking the single mode of the planned economy, but also brought chaos to the construction market. Individual merchants to make a profit, distribution and inferior products, providing leave the factory certification, fraud, or to the quality of the project to stay hidden. Thus, the test must be related to good building materials and test related, steel, cement, hydropower equipment, pH and other major materials and specimens submitted to the construction unit can not be satisfied Engineering and technical information;
5) is strict quality supervision and inspection, and some supervision of company personnel monitoring stations or the quality is not high;
6) are electricity, water, fire units to engage in "industrial monopoly," with the lack of coordination between name types.

In addition, equipment planning and establishment of juice quality problems exist.

Almost every case the quality of the accident can be found technology, materials, technology, equipment and other aspects of the specific reasons, but the quality of the landslide caused by construction quality supervision system mainly comes from the imperfect. China had a complete set of construction quality management approach , but mainly concentrated in government oversight and corporate self-monitoring, the lack of a user supervision.

2, to enhance construction quality supervision and Countermeasures
Establishment of a socialist market economy, strengthen quality supervision of construction projects the government is in the construction field in the macro-management of the construction market, an important tool. Since the 20th century and early 80s, with China's national conditions, with reference to international practice, the Government of project quality supervision. have established and improved project quality supervision institutions in the country formed a quality supervision system, the effective management of the quality of the project into the legal track, strengthen quality management, and promote the quality of the project has increased steadily.

Links to Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com 2.1 enhanced quality awareness and improve the quality of personnel
A set of project quality supervision is the legal, technical, economic and administrative work in an integrated, an administrative and technical supervision of Law enforcement. Therefore, the quality of the level of supervision, enforcement capacity is to improve the strength of the basis of project quality supervision .

At present, continuously improve the quality of the project, but there are still many issues of concern, and Engineering the collapse of problems occur. The incidence of quality problems with the quality of our weak sense of a great relationship. Currently, the design market, the construction market, building materials market, large and irregular business practices, leading to confusion in the market, so, just profits, lack of quality awareness is gaining momentum. If we do not pay attention to quality supervision system, without a strong sense of quality improve the quality of the project will be an empty promise. to revive the construction industry, the need to improve the quality of supervision and team awareness. oversight bodies is a special department project quality certification, it relates to people's lives and property. In the new situation, training to improve supervision quality of personnel, the establishment of oversight bodies internal assessment mechanism, give full play to the status and role of monitoring stations, we improve the quality awareness throughout the construction industry to address the key issues dealing with quality.

2.2 to strengthen the supervision of the legal person acts
Project legal representatives of investors, overall responsibility for project quality. To strengthen the supervision of the project should pay attention to corporate behavior: to strengthen contract management, to avoid the legal person in the building design and construction contracts entered into all kinds of false, to avoid state oversight. To strengthen the supervision of the project bidding, and strictly in accordance with legal review of the construction unit is the extent and manner of the public tender; whether the fair selection of the best bid is selected units. strict construction permit system, the construction unit must be in accordance with relevant procedures, through strict examination and approval, to receive a permit before beginning construction. Strict completion and acceptance, without acceptance or acceptance of unsatisfactory delivery of the items are not allowed to use, does not apply for registration of property rights, not allowed to enter the market transactions.

2.3 strict qualification examination, the better the construction market access
Construction administrative departments at all levels should strengthen the whole process involved in capital construction unit of the gas responsible for qualification examination, strict construction market access system. All day low qualifications or qualified building design, construction units, the planning department not to project, planning department does not send a building permit, construction safety management construction permit is not issued. full implementation of quality certification system, the national quality inspection authority building design, construction, supervision, construction materials manufacturer of product quality inspection or quality assurance system and inspection, after passing the examination, to issue quality certificates, signs and other methods, validation and proof of production of the products have reached a certain level of quality, companies within a specific range of products with the necessary quality assurance capabilities. without certification or certification is not qualified building design, construction, supervision, construction materials production enterprises, are not allowed in the corresponding business. should be focused on investigating the current undocumented, leapfrog, to undertake the construction of range design and construction, supervision and business conduct; affiliated contracting, subcontracting, illegal sub-behavior ; with the body of supervision behavior; serious organization building design, construction and supervision units in the qualification inspection, cancellation of major accidents occurred in the corresponding business units or reduce the level of qualification status.

2.4 The construction administrative department of behavioral norms
Construction administrative departments to oversee the national regulatory system for the implementation of infrastructure sectors. If these departments do not strictly guard the pass, the illegal act, the state's mandatory construction quality can not play a supervisory role. To strengthen the administrative department of construction supervision, should develop strict approval procedures for construction projects; establishment of the quality of construction leadership responsibility, clear leadership at all levels of management bodies in charge of the quality of responsibility, such as the occurrence of mass incidents, in addition to the parties held unit and the direct responsibility of the parties, but also institutional leadership at all levels of management accountability in project approval, implementation of construction procedures, construction supervision and other aspects of leadership; organizational strength checking from time to time construction administrative departments at all levels, the performance of duties, and severely punish bribery and other criminal acts.

2.5 User Authority
End users are consumers of building products, construction quality is good or bad, is directly related to their personal and property safety, the user for their own interests and will not be allowed to bribe, bribery, shoddy work and so act to absorb the entire process of user participation in infrastructure quality control, to improve the quality of construction is of great significance. At present, for the Engineering characteristics that can adopt flexible and diversified ways to attract users to participate in the monitoring, on a clear beneficiary of the project, such as residential tenants have been identified, can be from households in the selection of a certain building technologies and construction management experience, who set up a "tenants supervision group", the construction supervision team found that the construction enterprise, in violation of the contract, crudely, the right to notice of correction or the suspension of work construction companies, other tenants are also available free time to the construction site supervision of the construction. For no clear beneficiary or beneficiaries of the larger projects, project quality may be established Complaint Center. users by letter, telephone, visits and other forms reflect the Engineering quality problems, complaints center to handle complaints should be promptly Learn the true facts consumer complaints, in the time of treatment response to the complainant. In addition, reports can also carry out project activities of the quality of prizes on the quality of supervision in the project contribute to the quality and avoid a major accident, the informer give some material reward.

3, Conclusion
Engineering Quality Supervision, for building engineering design, supervision, the total package, construction units and equipment, components and parts manufacturers. Therefore, a good deal with the relationship between the parties concerned, so it is necessary to adhere to the principle of coordination but also give full play to various aspects of role. design, construction quality will not only related to the project itself, but also directly affect the design and construction units credibility and competitiveness. In this sense, the quality supervision departments to promote the design, construction, improving the quality of not only safeguard the and construction units of the national interests, but also with the design and construction unit is consistent with long-term interests. Therefore, the parties should form a consensus on priority project quality, full play to their strengths, to further close cooperation, so that the quality of construction to a a new level.

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