GPS technology in the Oil Pipeline Application

Abstract: The principle of GPS global positioning system, anti-long pipeline in the oil drilling issue to be solved in Stolen, when the drilling occurs when the how quickly Queding Stolen Stolen point, the nearest transmission line transfer vehicles to the scene, arrested catch criminals, reduce economic losses.

Keywords: GPS; Crude Oil Pipeline; drilling Stolen; transmission line

1 Introduction to Global Positioning System GPS

GPS global satellite positioning system in the early 70s the U.S. military "transit satellite navigation and positioning," the sky with the technical development of global, all-around nature (land, marine, aviation and aerospace), all-weather navigation and positioning advantage, timing, speed system. GPS consists of three major subsystems: space satellite systems, ground control system, the user receiving system.

1.1 space the space satellite systems
GPS constellation in part by the 24 evenly distributed in six orbital planes of satellites. The orbital plane relative to the equatorial plane of the inclination of 55o, the orbital plane spacing 60o. In each orbital plane, the angle of the satellite from the difference rose 90o, any track on the west side of the adjacent satellites in orbit than the corresponding satellite ahead of 30o. In fact, the number of satellites in space satellite systems to over 24 for the timely replacement of aging or damaged satellite, security system work properly. The satellite system can guarantee that any place on Earth available to users more than four visible satellites.

Space system of each satellite every 12 hours (sidereal time) along the nearly circular orbit around the globe, high-precision atomic clock controlled by the onboard radio transmitter in the "low-noise window" near the launch L1, L2 two carrier users to the global GPS receiver continuously broadcast the navigation signals. GPS satellite network to ensure global work any time, any place can be of four or more satellite observations (up to 11), to achieve continuous, real-time navigation and positioning.

1.2
ground monitoring system by the evenly distributed ground control system and three oceans in the United States on U.S. military bases in the 5 stations, one master station and three into the station form. The system functions are: monitoring of space satellite systems, control, and to update each satellite's navigation data into.

Ground monitoring system by the station master control station and into the stations.

GPS receiver stations measured by each satellite pseudorange and range difference, collecting meteorological data and observation data to the main control point. Five monitoring stations are no keep the value of the data collection center.

Master station receives the GPS satellite observations of the station data, satellite status data work, the stations and into the state of their own work station data. According to the above types of data, complete the following tasks:
(1) timely compilation of each satellite's navigation message and send it into the station.

(2) control and coordination of monitoring stations, the injection of the work between stations, inspection into the satellite navigation message is correct and whether the satellite navigation message is sent to the GPS user system.

(3) diagnosis of the satellite working state off track changes in the satellite position and attitude, adjust the spare satellite to replace failed satellites. Into the station to accept service of the master control station and the satellite navigation message over each of its injection over the satellites.

1.3
user accepts the system user to the radio receiver system consists of sensor and computer technical support for the GPS satellite receiver and GPS data processing software composition.

GPS satellite receiver is the basic structure of the antenna unit and receiving unit in two parts. Antenna unit's main role is: When the GPS satellite from the horizon from time to time, to capture, satellite tracking, GPS receiver signal amplification. Receiving unit's main role is: Record GPS signals and signal demodulation and filtering, to restore a GPS satellite navigation message sent, Solutions of the signal propagation time between stations and the Star carrier phase, real-time access to data or navigation measured by the way post-processing, access to positioning, velocity, timing and other data. GPS GPS data processing software is an important part of the user's system, its main function is to measure the GPS satellite receiver, record data for a "rough", "pre", and the results were adjustment calculation, coordinate transformation and analysis consolidated. Solve for three-dimensional coordinates of the station, the measured body coordinates, velocity, direction and exact time.


2 GPS dispatching system components

full GPS dispatch system should include the following components:
control center, mobile control posts, mobile terminal, wireless communication network, which is a sets to generate path information, schedules and other logistical applications, multi-purpose tool, it can dispatch personnel, vehicles, line combinations, fleet and other large grouping of monotonous, complex data into intuitive, graphical data visualization, so that scheduling system work more effectively.

2.1
control center control center is the core of the whole system, the size of the system can be set to the next level sub-centers, communications hub control center is also responsible for the information and mobile intelligent terminal interaction, to complete the classification of various kinds of information, records and forwards, while the entire network to monitor and control management. Monitoring center by China Mobile (China Unicom) short messages, combined with GIS (geographic information system) and the Mobile Intelligent Terminal big screen LCD monitor and achieve intelligent scheduling of vehicles to achieve the optimal allocation of mobile resources, scheduling and management, improve operation efficiency purpose of monitoring center and emergency cases accordingly to provide tracking, monitoring and remote recording scheduling, control and other treatment measures, the user can use the telephone, the Internet messaging system.

2.2 Mobile Intelligent Terminal
(Car system) receiver GPS positioning signals, using the Global Positioning System (GPS) as the positioning signal source, move the unit to calculate the pseudo-range information, the control unit to complete the data interface, protocol, data formats conversion and control; communication module specific command sets and functional control, combined with GIS information and the status of testing of vehicles, energy efficiency, control, data, and dispatching and other information. Mobile Intelligent Terminal
data returned include: vehicle number, latitude and longitude, speed, heading, time, vehicle status (alarm distress) and other signals.

2.3 wireless communication network
Mobile Intelligent Terminal (Car system) and the monitoring center channel information system to SMS (Short Message Service) as the main method, mobile terminal location information via SMS uploaded to the monitoring center, monitoring center (dispatch center) to the fixed telephone as a direct tool for the control of the mobile terminal to issue commands.



3 GPS Stolen in the anti-punch combination of GPS Global

Positioning System, GIS geographic information system, GSM global mobile communication system, real-time display the actual location of the vehicle, and any enlargement, reduction, reduction, exchange diagram; can move with the target, the target always remains on the screen; also multi- windows, multi-vehicle, multi-screen at the same time tracking. Alarm system only to make up for the police, not the vehicle dynamic control personnel and promptly notify the nearest vehicles to the scene together.

3.1 to solve the main problems:
(1), occurs when the drilling Stolen directly on the electronic map display Stolen point.

(2), occurs when the nearest drilling Stolen mobilize line patrol vehicles.

(3), on the current state of the vehicle mandate real-time access, positioning, monitoring, assessment.

(4), after the inquiry, examination, inspection line playback.

(5), report printing.

3.2
The system implementation plan by the dispatch center, wireless networks and automotive mobile station has three major components in the network to play a different role in the operation.

(1) dispatch center
dispatch center includes monitoring server, GPS differential base station, GPS signal monitoring, wireless transceiver unit, control terminals, the core of the monitoring server. Role is responsible for managing the entire vehicle monitoring system LAN user rights, security, various database and network services. Its unique hardware configuration so that moving target database storage and network users have a reliable guarantee of security management. With the map processing system, the GPS positioning coordinates to obtain the signal directly into electronic geographic map calibration data. Accurate to draw the actual pipeline, marking a nearby oil pipeline surrounding buildings, villages, rivers, roads, mounds, etc., to facilitate a comprehensive understanding. To solve the existing pipeline to map a single, static problem and to allow access.

In addition, the electronic map using a vector approach, the development area for any query, can be hierarchical display of information, once discovered leaks scheduling system, electronic maps can be any enlargement, reduction, mobility, showing that the point of roads, bridges , rivers and other natural landscape. Can measure the distance from the leak to develop optimal route.

(2)
wireless communication networks, including wireless communications network base station and mobile station in two parts. Main function is to complete the location information, differential information, instruction information, and other information and data transmission, and the dispatch center to communicate with all vehicles to contact the hub.

Base station consists of four parts: the radio transceiver, GPS differential base station, control equipment and GPS satellite signals to monitor machine. Base station features include: GPS differential signal extraction, transmission, scheduling the sending terminal control instructions, the formation and broadcast packets to send, receive and parse the data sent by a moving vehicle package, and the GPS monitoring system, front-end data exchange . The host base station set "GPS satellite signal monitoring unit," real-time monitoring of the quality of satellite signal lock and the differential GPS signal quality, in order to locate the entire system to protect Kyoto. Links to Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com