Construction enterprise project management and cost control

With the development, construction enterprises increased competition, profit margins are getting smaller and smaller, to enable the development of enterprises in the future, or based on the position, construction companies on project management emphasis. According to the corresponding management of construction cost control, to enable enterprises to profitability has increased, the project cost control, mainly initiated from the management mode, from the organization, science and technology, economy, etc., reduce costs and improve economic efficiency.

Keywords:: project management cost control, cost-effective
First, the construction enterprise project management problems
1, enterprise system is not perfect, responsibilities, rights and interests asymmetry
In real life, a problem common benefits and risks are not so disproportionate to the rights and obligations. Some project managers the right to a large, but the risk is very small, corporate profit and loss depends heavily on the personal qualities of the project manager and the end result often is the package does not include loss of profit, it is precisely because the existence of such defects may lead to the cost of the project managers of the various types of neglect, the management is not fine, there may even be a "black hole", and project staff As the cost of their own personal interests and not much relationship between the development of enterprises, corporate cost control and management is indifferent, the work could lead to mistakes, unnecessary loss to the enterprise. Of course, there are some middle-level institutions leadership and management, without a certain sense of responsibility, not a market concept of competition, does not consider the enterprise from the profit-loss situation, all day long on the lower level became a "phone line", as if ordered to upload into their own work on the project's progress, the quality is indifferent, but which became a burden on businesses.

These cases are caused by the enterprise system is not perfect, the management is too far behind, at this stage, the rapid development of countries, industries are highly competitive, the reason for technology companies in the organization to continue to improve, update, operational level must also have new breakthroughs, the effectiveness of cost control, project management, and the system is largely dependent on sound operations rely on the system to regulate behavior, so companies have to develop a complete system of regulations, rules and regulations on the implementation process according to the individual the behavior of control, constraint, tracking and supervision.

2, conservative ideas, lack of initiative and enthusiasm
Over the years, distribution of corporate profits due to the impact of the planned economy, in the "distribution according to work" under the slogan, in essence, there is a serious egalitarianism, greatly dampened the enthusiasm of the masses, which is the plight of the many companies An important reason for reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping proposed "letting some people get rich first", in essence, is to break the distribution of profits, "Egalitarianism," Comrade Xiaoping "Science is the first productive force", calling for "respect knowledge, respect talent "This is for the profit distribution has laid a theoretical foundation for further reform. At present, science and technology work to science and technology shares dividends, business annual salary system for the distribution of profits can be said that under the inevitable result of new forms of distribution according to work and the factors of production participate in the distribution will become the major forms of profit distribution, employee stock ownership, the operator will be the businesses and employees holding a common interest of the body, risk sharing, profit depends on the proportion of its shares varies in such a situation , how the distribution of profits of enterprises can be more reasonable, it can bring the economic leverage to mobilize all levels, all the enthusiasm, will be the development of enterprises in the future face a new challenge.

Second, the project management of construction costs
1, contract management and cost control
Construction contract management is an important part of enterprise management, but also reduce the project cost, effective way to increase economic efficiency, project time frame of construction contract management contract negotiations should begin, to the end of the warranty period, in particular, to strengthen the contract management of the construction process. Good job contract management functions to defend, power means that close attention during the execution of the contract performance of the contract progress in our results, in order to prevent claims by the other. Therefore, the need to strengthen contract management, contract management to grasp the main points: First, seal management, implementation hand care, the use of registration. Second, the centralized management of the contract, sign the contract review system is the establishment of important contracts must be reported to the authorities and the leadership of the company reviewed all contracts should be established accounting, safekeeping. Third, as far as possible a uniform format contract, such as equipment leasing contracts, material supply contracts, temporary employment contracts to ensure the strict terms of the contract and legitimacy play a role in protecting their own.

2, the technical level and cost control
In a certain period, certain technical level, the costs can be reduced by strengthening the management to, but this method is impossible to make the cost has been reduced. Therefore, managers need to improve product costs continue to improve the technological level, but some state-owned enterprises interest in leadership in technological innovation is not high, because the general manager of short-term gains in the period of technological innovation, that tend to reduce the cost of technology development profits, but not necessarily to increase the profits of the term of office managers, managers expect to accept a reduction of its term profits but to increase its successor, the technical performance of innovative solutions is not realistic.

3, the restraint and incentive system and cost management
Enterprises lack the incentive system, cost constraints and lack of cost management within the containment system, managers can modify any of the cost of access to information on cosmetic accounting table, this approach not only costs companies can not obtain accurate data management, and would undermine the market the normal operation of the economy, the same time, better cost management, increased economic efficiency of enterprises lack of incentive system, to mobilize the managers and the enthusiasm of the masses of workers.

4, safety, quality and cost control
Determine the appropriate cost of quality, works to achieve the best quality level, not the increasingly high quality of the project, but to the lowest total cost of construction quality level, to be attached to the contract or national standards, in improving the quality of the project Meanwhile, the cost of quality control at a certain level, after considering all factors the cost of quality, so that the quality of the project that meets the engineering standards but also has economic and operability. both in the construction, the premise of ensuring the quality of the project , the specification allows full use of the positive and negative bias, the use of material savings, lower project costs, in strict accordance with the engineering and technical norms and safety operation work, quality and safety to reduce and eliminate accidents, so to minimize the various types of losses .

5, human, material, machine management and cost control
Labor costs account for a larger proportion of total project cost is generally about 10%, so strict control of labor costs, first to streamline the regulatory agency personnel, to avoid an oversupply of labor, to reduce unnecessary expenditure of wages, control of the non-operational charges the number of production overheads.

In engineering construction, material costs accounted for 70% of the entire project cost -80%, a greater potential for savings is often a loss in the other costs, the savings depend on the material to make up. Therefore, the first under the premise of guaranteeing quality adhere to the "sunshine purchase" from the "clean" purchase, to eliminate the "gray income." Second, the image of the construction program and project progress, well-organized material planning stages, not only to ensure that the duration and continuity of operations, and uses flexible use of liquidity, reduce inventory costs, is particularly important when the cash flow difficulties. Third, enhance on-site management, rational stacking, handling and less out of luck loss. Fourth, we must strictly enforce the fixed material consumption, the bulk of the working materials and materials such as steel, plywood and other packet died nine base to limit picking to implement, the fifth, a variety of materials, adhere to the remaining material recycling, waste utilization, cost of materials it is the final part of the Department can be ignored. Links to free Download Center http://www.hi138.com paper engineering science needs of the project, rational use of machinery, give full play to mechanical performance, a more rational arrangement of construction paragraph to minimize the amount of construction in the consumption of Jixietaiban, through reasonable construction , mechanical deployment and improve equipment utilization and good rate, the same time, enhance on-site equipment repair and maintenance work, reduce the overhaul, repair, and other recurrent expenditure costs, avoid improper use, resulting in idle machinery and equipment to strengthen the leasing equipment, project management, full use of social resources of idle machinery, reduce Jixietaiban prices from different angles.

Third, the enterprise project management and cost control principles to be followed
1, the construction project cost control based on destination
Through cost management is the means to facilitate the construction projects continue to reduce costs in order to achieve the objectives of the lowest possible cost requirements, the implementation of the principle of lowest cost, should pay attention to the possibility of reducing costs and reasonable lowest cost: a reduce the cost of various aspects of mining capacity, so that possibility into reality, on the other hand from the reality. formulate subjective efforts by the lowest cost possible to achieve a reasonable level, that optimization principles.

2, the principle of full cost control
Cost management is a comprehensive, full, and the whole process of management. Full control of the project cost the substance of a system, including all departments and units of the network and shift the economic responsibility of fairly and so on, should work to prevent the cost control with progress of the various stages of project construction to continue, that is not imperfect, can not, and sometimes intensifying, the cost of construction projects should be made from beginning to end under effective control.

3, goal management principles
Management by objectives include: goal setting and decomposition of the target in place and implement the responsibility to check the results of implementation of the objectives, evaluation objectives and revised goals, objectives of management of the formation of the planning, implementation, inspection, processing cycle.

4, responsibilities, rights and benefits of combining the principles of
In the process of project construction, project manager of the department, a team responsible for cost control in the performance of regular inspection and evaluation, the implementation of rewards and punishment, and only now do a good job responsibilities, rights and benefits of combining cost control in order to the desired effect.

Fourth, cost-effective control of the construction phase
Construction phase is the largest capital investment stage, the specific contract, strengthening construction control, is to strengthen the management of performance behavior. If the control imbalances, loss of business, cost control of the stage's key tasks:
1, do a good job contract management, reducing project claims
Cost control in the construction phase is the key to effective control of engineering change, vote for the current price of quantities, the construction units are often adopt a "low bid, claims profit" approach to contract projects, as the owner prior to achieve cost management gatekeeper, active control. rigorous examination of engineering change, calculate the impact of changes on the total investment, from the use of functional, economic and beautiful angles to determine the need for engineering changes to reduce the cost of unnecessary expenditures, avoid investment out of control, while the construction units and material suppliers to fulfill the contractual obligation is not timely and the claim, so that cost-effective control.

2, start from the management mode, the establishment of the construction supervision system
Effective control of the pursuit of investment regulations and supervision in accordance with the Regulations, the perfect division of responsibilities and the system, the implementation of the responsibility. From engineering management to establish a sound investment control system, while making the monthly progress payment review, to avoid the investment out of control, progress Supervisor shall determine the audit of the project volume is based on the agreed basis of valuation, applied materials, fixed price and cost price paid after the nuclear process of the corresponding progress payment.

3, to start the project from the technical measures to control costs
During the construction process, the wide application of new materials, new techniques, new approaches and so on, trying to projects in the technical implementation of effective control, technical measures are necessary to ensure the implementation of the project works, according to statistics, the material cost usually accounts for 70% of direct project costs so. At the same time, the level of direct costs to indirect costs of high and low, so the use of new technology, new materials is to increase productivity and shorten the duration of the benefit guarantee.

4, from the start of economic measures to control project costs
Strict control of on-site and field management fees, the rational use of the general construction of a long cycle. Such as: green fees, damages and other compensation, for bulk materials or large equipment required under the contract for a direct supply, the purpose has been to reduce cost , a material must be in accordance with the procedures for scheduling materials and construction plans to minimize storage costs, while strengthening a schedule for construction materials, processes and plans, try to reduce storage costs and additional strengthening of material supplied by on-site management, reasonable stacking reduce the handling and consumption.

Construction enterprise project management and cost control is to ensure the quality of the project to meet under the premise of the whole process of implementation of the project costs incurred, through, plan, organize, control and coordination of activities such as the cost of achieving the intended goals, and reduce as far as possible cost of a scientific management activities, mainly through technical, economic and management activities to meet set targets and achieve the purpose of profit, that works to do well, enterprises should improve efficiency, we must focus on reducing construction costs and improve economic efficiency for the purpose of careful analysis of the main factors affecting the construction costs, emphasizing the project in improving quality, focus on progress at the same time we must focus on efficiency, on the engineering people, machines, materials, costs to implement "pre-control analysis and comparison of prediction" approach to management control, the project construction costs are still under control. Links http://www.hi138.com Research Papers Download