Staff from the transformation of government functions to improve the government's public management capacity

[Paper Keywords] ability to change the government's public Administration
[Abstract] China's socialist market economic system with the gradual establishment of public management as a measure of the strength of an important indicator of the level of the government ruling. Governments at all levels as soon as possible to strengthen the macro sense, by the "omnipotent government" to "limited government" change, and strengthen awareness of the people, by the "official of the government" to "People Government", enhance service awareness, the "management of government" to "service in the Government" changes, strengthen efficiency, by the "inefficient government" to "efficient Government ", strengthen the sense of responsibility, by the" power of the government "to" responsible government "change, strengthen legal awareness, the" rule of man the government "to" government by law "changes, and strengthen public awareness, the" closed government "to the" transparent government " change, strengthen credit awareness, by the "lack of trust the Government" to "honest government" change.

As China's socialist market economy system, public management functions as an important part of government functions, public management capacity as a measure of the strength of an important indicator of the level of Administration. As a commitment to the task of the entire society at all levels of government public Administration, how to effectively exercise the government's public management functions and improve the government's public management capacity, is the need to face the historical issue. I believe that, from the present, the Government's public Administration to improve the capacity of staff from the transformation of government functions.

First, strengthen the macro sense, achieved by the "omnipotent government" to "Limited Government"
The Government is promising, not to control was how wide the scope and manner of the management are reasonable, management, conduct and results are valid. A long time, subject to the constraints of the traditional planned economic system, through the "government-run enterprises, enterprises Office of benefits "means the exercise of public management functions. the government everything and become" all-powerful, nothing whatever, "the omnipotent government, should control the number of tubes, to discipline, control bad thing. resulted in the government's public authority highly centralized, institutional expansion, management of a single, low administrative efficiency, the service is not in place, the heavy burden of financial subsidies and other defects. As China's market economy process moves forward, the government managed object, institutional environment, legal environment and social environment have occurred major changes, administrative changes in the environment requires government functions change accordingly. the socialist market economy system of government is a limited power government should do something, do certain things. the government functions in public Administration should be to "draw paddle "to" steer "the main changes from the micro-management of the main macro-management, mainly by the direct management supervision and management of the main changes. the government's public management functions are mainly economic regulation, market supervision, social management and public services , those who market and society can self-regulation and self-management, the government is not necessary on behalf of the more dangerous sister. The Government should concentrate on meeting the social and public needs, and continuing to businesses, residents, or producers, consumers, the provision of public goods and public services provide the market can not provide public goods to address the market can not or will not solve public problems, such as public safety, the development of basic education and lifelong education, social infrastructure projects of public input, employment, social security, environmental protection, rule of law building. to withdraw as much as possible in areas not suited to direct intervention, the tube should not be, unable to manage, control bad things returned to business or market. to separate the decision-making and implementation, decision confined to the main functions of the government to determine community public goals, procedures and standards, the specific executive functions can be referred to community non-profit organization commitment, the Government need to develop "rules of the game" and improve the market order, regulate market behavior, and strengthening market supervision, to create a fair environment.

Second, strengthen the consciousness of the people, to achieve the "official of the government" to "the People Government"
"Official" as a specific product of feudal society, with changing times, this should be a qualitative change occurs, the staff of the socialist countries should no longer be official, but the servant of society. However, due to the long reign of feudal and Confucian Thought of the detention and indoctrination, "official position" can be described as deep-rooted ideology. ancient scholars as the only official way to the so-called "All things are beneath contempt, only high school," "excellent learning, Shi" is a true portrayal. Until now, this "official position" has not changed much sense, and even expanded in some areas there is a trend. in people's minds, it seems that officials of all citizens to the, the officials regarded as a "god" and "blue sky great master." One can only thank the government, for government officials, and officials could not ask for the Government. "official standard" ideas spread, fueling the government bureaucracy, government and citizens of the communication and exchange of , reducing the government's work efficiency, and ultimately undermine the government's ability to govern. Our Constitution provides that all power belongs to the people, the people's government on behalf of all people exercise their power. With the depth of administrative reform, the spirit of the Constitution should be fully reflected philosophy of governance in the government. The Government's power is the people, the Government must come down from the highs, the real from the "official position" to "people oriented" changes, play a "service provider" role. Party National Congress After General Secretary Hu Jintao as the new central collective leadership, clearly the need to adhere to the people-oriented concept of governance. This requires that we must truly foster the idea of serving the people wholeheartedly, always put the interests of the people as the highest profits, the " people's support, "" the people approve or not "," happy people "," People ��Ӧ����Ӧ "as a starting point for all the work the government and the end result. to be really" love the people, "" the right to used by the people "," benefits for the people ", listen to the voice of the masses, bringing together the wisdom of the masses, care for the masses and win the people's feelings, creating a democratic, participatory, pro-government and a new image.

Third, enhance service awareness, achieved by the "management of government" to "Service Government"
Traditionally, we have been the managers of the government only as a society, that the Government's duty is to manage social affairs and economic activities. With the economic globalization era, the functions of government has been a fundamental change in orientation, the Government becomes a service provider, as the political, economic and cultural development to provide a good environment for development. 'due to long-standing "official standard" traditional concepts and new China was founded in democracy and legal system a long time lag, some government departments to develop a strong "south sit" mentality, that the government is managing people, that is to do orders, approval of licensing or anything, the practice of using power to pressure rather than truth, the law to implement management. This administrative means formed in the community the "is hard, ugly face, so ugly, difficult to deal with" the image of bureaucratic authority, contributing to the government bureaucracy and reduce the efficiency of government, undermine the government's prestige, led to tensions between cadres triggered a series of social conflicts. Therefore, the Government must be in management by the "Administration - control-based management" to "rule - service-oriented management." As the process of urbanization and social modernization of the deep, the people's social and public needs undergone major changes, the increasingly urgent desire for government services, requiring higher and higher standards. of the people asked the Government to provide systematic, institutional public service, rather than ad hoc, non-normative public services; requirements Government rights, fairness, or indifference of the public service, not the gift of nature, unequal or discriminatory public services; asked the Government for sustainability, development of public services, rather than a temporary, unsustainable public services. Thus, in the process of establishing service-oriented government, we must resolutely abandon the "bureaucratic" thought, firmly establish the sense of service; must adhere to the "customer centric" values, timely and accurate grasp of the public service needs; be the largest limits to streamline administrative work conditions and procedures, expanded services; must strictly regulate the implementation of the mandatory administrative means to provide more personalized service; required to establish a public notice, hearings, and to expand people's participation; must continue improve the convenience, of measures to improve the quality and level of government services.


Fourth, strengthen the efficiency, achieved by the "inefficient government" to "efficient Government"
The question is the efficiency of the government's key problem in public administration, inefficient government departments is one of the biggest problem. Caused by inefficient for many reasons, but the main factor is the functions of the transition is not in place. In reality, some people of institutions, the power still remains in an intuitive understanding of the level, that is, the use of power by agencies to strictly "management" of social and control society, do not trust their own role in society, continue through the expansion of institutions, enhanced powers to manage the community, so that the community blindly in accordance with the intention of government, pointing to the development of executive power, forget the power comes from social services in the community nature. a government agency set up to gradually formed once the sector culture. the longer the history department, the greater its negative inertia. error or dislocation of the functions and departments together unhealthy culture, and gradually the department of administrative power, the interests of executive power, the power sector legalization, which led to departmental interests first, bureaucracy breeding, the concept of weak efficiency. The result is more and more bloated bodies, More and more staff, running more and more ineffective, the burden increasingly heavy, more and more low efficiency. to get rid of these shortcomings, improve the government's administrative efficiency, we must proceed from the overall height of the changing concepts, scientific and rational definition of market economy, government functions under the conditions of location, reduce and weaken the old functions of the carrier, to promote and create new functions in place. to increase the intensity of institutional reform, downsizing, downsizing, changing functions of time as short as possible and cycle . the transformation functions, administrative operation, have to rely on civil servants at all levels, personally, the quality of civil servants is an important factor of administrative efficiency. to strengthen the civil service, strengthen the civil service selection and training, to improve the quality of civil servants. establish and improve national civil service competitive mechanism, strengthen ideological and political construction of the civil service and style of construction, civil servants in the country style of thinking, the work can adapt the way government functions and improve efficiency requirements, as governments at all levels continue to improve administrative efficiency of the basic guarantee.

Fifth, strengthen the sense of responsibility to achieve the "power of the government" to "responsible government" changes
All levels of government are controlled by the corresponding administrative power, the use of power to exercise functions of public management is understandable. However, due to the impact of the planned economic system, some government departments to rely on administrative means to manage economic and social affairs are more familiar with, arise in real life problem, used to rely on executive power, to take a mandatory administrative measures to deal directly. coupled with the lack of power has long been restricted, leading to frequent abuse of administrative power. imposition of fines, arbitrary charges, levies and prohibitions; regardless of people's interests, forced evictions , abuse of the total land intensified; abuse of power, money, abusing power and perverted the law have occurred. modern government is the public management and public service providers, the government should exercise the executive power, must understand that power comes from the people; the government when in the exercise of administrative power can not ignore the government's administrative responsibilities. civil rights of the state power is the chief source of power; government responsibility is the core of executive power, the nature of government property. No government responsibility, the operation of the executive power is not restricted to, civil rights exercise no protection, illegal administration can not be prosecuted, according to law can not really be promoted. in the relationship between people and government, we should be clear, not the people exist for the Government, but the government exists for the people. People Government should always be the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the faithful representative of the people who achieve those defenders, government power should be based from a change to the liability standard. in the responsibility system, not only the emphasis on civic responsibility, but also highlighted the Government's responsibility; legislation not only To set the civic responsibilities seriously, and set the government should pay attention to the responsibility; administrative law enforcement should not only attach importance to the exercise of administrative power, but should pay attention to administrative responsibility; supervision system should not only attach importance to setting up surveillance act, manner, and to attach importance to the implementation of administrative responsibilities. To further establish and improve the main responsibility to adapt to all types of government responsibility system, so that the statutory responsibility of the Government. The current, in particular the need to strengthen the Government's political responsibility, establish and improve the work of the executive heads of major government law, negligence, abuse of authority when the dismissal of the case , resignation, or ordered to resign for political accountability. In addition, to further improve the civil service due to dereliction of duty, abuse of power, corruption, bribery and other acts subject to administrative sanctions and criminal punishment system, and the establishment of the executive authorities and the civil service bureaucracy for minor misconduct or illegal Marxism, etc. to the citizens, legal persons and the moral responsibility of the system of apology. reposted elsewhere in the Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com six, strengthen legal awareness, achieved by the "rule of man the government" to "government by law" into
Before the reform and opening up, by the old feudal autocracy of China's long, my administration has adopted the practice of the rule of man is driven management model. Government and its staff work mainly by policy, relying on the instructions of the leaders, order things, people awareness of the law is very weak, often the leaders say as the "law", not in favor of the leaders said, then called illegal, the leaders, then changed, "law" will have changed. With the planned economy market economy gradually replaced by executive order in the economic operation have been hard to play a decisive role in the administration of the rule of man model has lost its former authority. the prevailing market economy is diversification, competition, independent, autonomous decision-making and self-signing a contract economic operation mechanism, diversification of the economic interests of different forms of ownership and autonomy necessary for the State to provide legal protection to safeguard their indifference to their own property rights, and no difference in the position in the market system, protect their production and business activities from the government sector interventions the right to protect the market for fair competition, fair and open competition, protection of trade credit and contracts to fulfill and protect the unity and openness of the market, so the market economy is the legal economy. market economy means the government no longer rely on executive orders management, but can only rely on the law, by legal means to manage the economy, management, market players, regulate behavior of market players, as well as management of the entire community. rule of law is to be implemented by the Government, or the law mainly depends on the government to implement. transformation of government functions, achieved by the rule of man to change the rule of law, and comprehensively promote administration according to law is essential, both determined by the nature of our socialist country, and also establishing a socialist market economic system in China a necessary requirement, but under the new situation to build a clean, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government, improve the ability of the government's public management imperative. At present, China's legal system is not very comprehensive, administrative enforcement procedures are not standardized, excessive administrative examination and approval, in violation of administrative law enforcement more administrative powers constraints, lack of supervision and the more prominent issues. to really establish the rule of government, administration according to law, we must further strengthen the awareness of the law, all executive authority must have the legal basis for the acquisition, there is no legal basis for the power are determined not to exercise; all administrative powers exercise must obey the law, contrary to the law firm does not exercise the power; all violations must bear legal responsibility. to deeply understand that, according to the focus and essence of administrative officials rather than the rule according to law the public is right according to law rather than the Zhi Shi. Administrative law is the concept of the executive organs, organizations, personnel, functions and system construction and other aspects to the rule of law and administration from the ruling administration a comprehensive change management model is a real government profound revolution.

VII, and strengthen public awareness, achieved by the "closed government" to the "transparent government" changes
Always placed a premium of the old political culture, "people can make by the of, not to know the" lack of communication between government and the public, government information openness is very low. As the Government is the monopoly of information, resulting in between managers of public and government asymmetric information. In a series of major issues, often only the government a voice, without the different voices of civil, public participation is very limited. long after the founding of New China with security system is flawed and overly broad scope of confidentiality, tension, the closed administrative, secret operations as a normal government. Government policy is often easier to manage from the perspective of small businesses and the public's voice into account. As black-box operation and the lack of effective supervision, the arbitrary exercise of power increases, so many things you can do so, you can also do that; can do, you can not do; can do today, you can also do it tomorrow. caused by interpersonal relationships in many things to be done to make of the administrative efficiency, encourage the administrative corruption. modern political theory, the legitimacy of government depends on the acceptance and recognition of members of society, public administration is rooted in the societies and the inevitability of the whole community get their own social activities. the Government to exercise the functions of public administration to must change their ideas, give more consideration to the feelings of the public, public participation, public feedback and other factors. To strengthen public awareness and enhance the sense of transparency, administrative activities of government involved in public affairs, public service matters to the public. now of administrative affairs in China has been launched in more extensive fields, but there are still many problems, some localities and departments of the government affairs public bar or site has nothing to do but some people itching for the contents of some substantive things, and people are concerned about the hot and difficult issues do not want to open, so that government affairs a mere formality. administrative affairs are intended to be placed under the sun of public authority, to facilitate supervision of the masses, so long as the government does not involve state secrets, the information should be made public. To take full advantage of advantages, speed up the construction of e-government at all levels of government, innovative services, the network truly become a bridge between the government and the public. For example introduction of "one-stop service", "24-hour self-service" so that citizens do not Government departments need to enter only through the computer can access all the information they need. citizens in a work site, you can get full service. The Government can also establish feedback center, ready for processing, so that more efficient interactive communication channels . to establish a transparent government should give full play to the role of the news media, the establishment of system for releasing information to the public through the media, timely release of effective information, through the media to understand people's comments or suggestions. In addition, the Government may carry out a full range of social consultation and dialogue activities, to hearings, seminars, advice would be, polls, surveys, feedback etc to listen to people's opinions and suggestions and pool their wisdom, collecting information, analyzing public opinion and provide a basis for decision-making and establish an open, democratic, transparent government a new image.


ll, strengthen credit awareness, achieved by the "lack of trust the Government" to "good government" changes
Credit is a person, a business, a nation to carry out the prerequisite of social interaction, honest and trustworthy, the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, the party's third plenum clearly put forward the request to establish a socialist credit system. As the socialist market established economic system, increasing awareness of the extreme importance of the credibility of the enterprise, not the credibility of the business, naturally there is no market, the enterprise itself is not room for the existence and development. In fact, the credibility of the government, too, the Government should effectively management of economic and social affairs, is inseparable from the recognition and support of the whole society. no credit or bad credit government will lose the people's psychological identification and support of the Government's own energy will be limited. Due to the highly centralized in the past, Executive Order Management Model, there is not enough emphasis on the government credit, led to the lack of information, promises quite prominent. some government departments only concerned about commitment not to attach importance to the implementation of the beginning of a commitment to do the practical things, very low end of the year honor, commitment period protracted problem. and even to performance fraud, superiors and subordinates, false figures, the prevalence false reports. The Government introduced a number of administrative regulations and orders, although repeated demands, but stayed in form, orders and prohibitions, some even unpredictable changes in policy. Over time, the authority on government and credit capacity greatly reduced, or even loss of trust in the government sector. As the credit in the Social Credit government plays a guiding role model, and the government promises, the consequences of missing the whole letter society, credit crisis, the government must attach great importance to the shaping and building integrity. all levels of government as to the credibility as enterprise value, cherish the reputation of government agencies. should mix the concept of honesty to the government in the minds of every civil servant, throughout the whole process of government administration. To continuously improve the ability to achieve its promise, the government should not do something, or the conditions of time do not have to do something, do not arbitrarily commitment to the community. matter of commitment to the spirit and the people responsible attitude, a solid, serious, follow the above letter, establish its pledges to match words with deeds, to win the trust of a good image. In the course of administration by law, it is necessary to establish a governmental authority, do decree smooth, curried, and pay attention to avoid the capricious, arbitrary action, promises to the people. to shape the government through the integrity, promote the establishment of social credit system, and continuously strengthen the government's credibility and cohesion, and improve the government's public management capacity. reposted elsewhere Free Download Center http://www.hi138.com Papers