Mechanism of interaction between public administration community

Paper Keywords: Community Public Administration Public Administration Public Administration Social Interaction System
Abstract: With the "new" public management and the development and functions of government increasingly "steering" rather than "rowing", the community of public Administration, public management system as an important part of beginning to receive recognition and attention of scholars . the analysis of the basic connotation of public Administration community, based on the existence of which the administration and social management and analysis to explore interaction mechanisms, revealing an interactive mechanism for community-run public management principles.

In recent years, the community of public administration as a public management system is an important part of beginning to receive attention from scholars. But, so far we study public administration community still in the initial stage, still lacks depth and systematic Research. To the community public management depth interactive mechanism, in theory, one is the expansion of public management Research and extension, on the other hand is the public management system and methods of enrichment and development; in practice, the Chinese community public building management system has an important significance. This paper will analyze the basic connotation of public administration community, based on the existence of which the government management and social management and analysis to explore interaction mechanisms, and strive to reveal the inter-community public administration: moving mechanism operating principle.

Public management is on public affairs and public utility organization and management, and its fundamental purpose is to ensure the promotion and distribution of public interest. WANG Le-fu to the concept of public management is defined as: the management of public affairs and social activities. Specifically, the public management body to address public issues, to achieve the public interest, the use of public power to impose the management of public affairs and social activities. fi "Meanwhile, he also the core of public administration - public affairs is divided into national public affairs, government public affairs, public affairs. Wang Hui Yan's public affairs according to the different public good characteristics in the class and there is a clear difference, but that in theory can be divided into political public affairs, public affairs, public affairs and social categories. f2 "that the two pairs of the division of public affairs essential difference does not exist, but differentiation from different angles, the former distinction between the management of the main objects, the latter managed to distinguish between objects. community public management is community-based organizations with public power community in public affairs and public welfare of the community business activities of the organization and management. In the above definition of the concept of public management and the distinction is based on, we can analyze the following aspects to grasp the public management community - as a public management system is an important part of the basic meaning of .

(A) the management body is to have public power and public authority of the community-based organizations
In general, grass-roots community organizations, government organizations, including government, community self-government organizations and community intermediary organizations. Government grassroots political organization in the community orientation of public management play a leading role, the main streets of urban communities, including offices and other functions. community self-government organizations, along with members of the community's awareness of democratic participation and the emergence of public affairs within the community is the implementation of "self-management, self-organization, self-service" organization, such as the Congress of community residents, community neighborhood committee, the owners committee. Community intermediary organizations mainly refers to the members of the community residents, community area as the scope of activities to meet the different needs of community residents for the purpose of the establishment of the residents own or participate in, ranging from community organizations and residents of the main organizations between individuals, such as voluntary those organizations and community service organizations.

(B) The object of the community in the management of public affairs and public welfare
Not all communities in community affairs is the object of public administration, only one of the public affairs and public welfare would fall under the scope of public administration community. Specifically, including the national level within the community in public affairs and public affairs from the students.

(C) The purpose is to protect the public interest community members to promote community development
Any public administration are aimed at enhancing the public's public interest and to ensure that public goods and the distribution of public services, community public administration is no exception. Community public management objective is to safeguard the public interest community, organizations and communities to better members of the public are closely related to the production of goods and services in order to achieve the ultimate goal of community development.


(D) management based on community-based organizations with public power community
Community management of public power is a community public foundation and prerequisite for the existence, roughly three ways: (1) organization authorized by the public authority, such as government organizations, community self-government organizations, community party, are the community's most important source of public power. ( 2) The members of the community's public power authority, which is the source of public power communities. Community members of the democratic form of elections generated by owners of the Committee, it has a public power community organization and management of public affairs, is one of a form. (3) public power based on the economy, which reflects the businesses in the community through the provision of funds in the form of community in all aspects of public affairs.

(A) The Public Administration and Social Comparison of the basic characteristics of public management
This article discussed the government's public management is specific to the government as a "pure" public sector on the whole society under the law to implement the management of public affairs, does not include the internal affairs of the government management. Social and public management is a public social certain areas of organization of public office for the management. Compared with the government's public administration, characterized by prominent in the following areas:
First, the content of public administration services. The government's public management of the provision of public goods and public services and more indivisible, non-exclusive, such as defense, finance, environmental protection, basic Research; and the community is most active in public administration the reach of the government's public management areas, provision of public goods and public services do not necessarily have non-exclusive, more of a number of regional, decentralized nature of public goods and public services. Compared with the government in terms of public management, public management closer to the everyday needs of citizens, to better reflect the "people first" spirit.

Second, non-political authority of public administration. The government's public administration inevitably includes the role of political authority, Sportsman that the Government is the essence of public administration and political authority on the management of L47. A large extent dependent on social and public management in the exercise of authority, but it is based on community of interests and freedom of association arising from the authority of the general is not mandatory, and no state backing of coercive power.

Third, the diversity of public management. The Government is clear the main body of public administration, the State's representatives - the government. The main body of public administration have become more diverse, flexible and diverse forms of organizations, independent of each other, which is by the community Mechanism of the development of diverse determined.

(B) community interaction mechanism of public administration
Before reform and opening up, China has adopted a planned economic system, government organization and management of public affairs is the only organization, government agency relationship is "strong government, weak society." Days when people living in the community, various interests are in the unit . can be said that the community did not exist the problem of public administration. The real sense of the modern community is accompanied by the management to government functions and services produced. separates separate government agency, separate from making political affairs began to assume more and more communities social functions. community's recognition and endorsement of autonomy, constitutes a source of authority of public administration community. Community intermediary organizations, the growth of public administration for the community organization has laid a good foundation. Community Public Management in the government Public Administration Public Administration and Social Interaction mechanism. interaction and collaboration between and mutual restraint and supervision, work together to maintain the stability and functioning of the community together to promote the coordinated development of the community.

1. Community Public Management Public Management
Any community would be subject to national laws, regulations and government policy constraints. Community is a basic unit of society, so many matters of public administration at national level should be implemented in the community. Such as maintaining law and order, protection of the interests of small groups, planning birth, usually in the implementation and enforcement in the community. This part of the Community Public Management Service can be regarded as an integral part of the government's public administration, as agency of government or is this part of the implementation of the main functions. Of course, even in the government administration introduction of more market competition, lower management costs, the pursuit of high efficiency of the times, the Government may choose to outsource this part of the functions to appropriate community organizations and even individuals to bear. reposted elsewhere in the Research Papers Download http://www.hi138 . com 2. Community Public Management in public administration
Any community affairs, public administration is also involved in public affairs within the community, such as to meet the needs of the community of public, community economic development, maintain community public facilities. This part of the public management of public affairs at the community the most important part, reflects the community the essence and core of public management. or we can call community autonomy, that is, public affairs community "self-management, self-education, self-service." compared to the government's public management activities, it is more focused on services rather than simply management, but also close to the daily needs of community residents, and is generally not the coercive power of the state backing. Thus, in theory, belong WANG Le-fu said the scope of public administration, or are said Wang Huiyan of social organization and public affairs management.


3. The Government Public Administration Public Administration and Social Interaction
Community organizations (the current multi-fingered community self-government organizations) to manage the main social and public administration, public management is the core of the community and essence, but also represent the future direction of community development. However, China's market economy system has not improved, political reform has not yet been completed, the Government Public Administration in the community still plays an important role. the government's public management and public administration public management activities in the community, not two separate parts of noninterference in each other, but rather an interactive whole. only by two positive interaction, both the government and community organizations collaborate, and mutual supervision, and better public service play a community of interest representation, management and members of public management functions to promote community development goals.

In community organization and management of public affairs activities, the management of government public administration body is the Government's management of the main social and public administration of community organizations. Community Public Administration Public Administration Government and Society in the interaction mechanism is through government and community organizations mutual cooperation between both the interaction and mutual checks and balances reflected.

(A) The Government of mutual cooperation with community organizations
Government and community organizations from the mutual cooperation relations, when the two sides face of a common community and community affairs, public administration, is the mutual coordination and cooperation, on the one hand, the Government has the power to delegate some of the social public administration or transfer to community organizations , especially in the "market is not, the Government can not" strong support in areas such organizations, which rely on them more effectively in the community, the administrative decision of the Government to achieve the Government's purpose of administration and services; the other hand, have the help of community organizations or commission authorized the government to obtain management rights or the substantive policy and financial support in order to give full play to its management functions, to win the sustainable development of community-based organizations. They are among more emphasis on "reciprocity" and "collaboration", together becoming the main body of public administration community. in this way can form a government and community organizations together from different perspectives at the same time to promote the public interest community to the situation, so that the community residents to become the biggest beneficiary of the subject.

(B) mutual monitoring and community organizations
Government and community organizations, there are still mutual supervision and mutual checks and balances in the relationship. On the one hand, government supervision according to law, community organizations, guidance and control; the other hand, community organizations, as community members are representatives of the government and its conduct of public administration supervision and restriction.

1. The government of checks and balances on the community-based organizations
First of all, any organization will be "autonomy" and the organization's "control" this contradiction troubles. For community organizations, to maintain independence, autonomy, its a necessary condition for effective implementation of activities. But sometimes independence and autonomy as the hidden harm. For example, community-based organizations may use the hands of the public power, contributing to a narrow group mentality or individualism. If the only community within the organization by the constitution and rules to prevent abuse of power is not enough. Second , representatives of community groups and maintaining the common interests of a group, rather than the whole of society and public interests. So, the interests of community groups and organizations to defend the public interest in the whole society to inevitable conflict, such as community organizations, regardless of social and public interests of the existence of the phenomenon of illegal structures and so on. Therefore, in order to prevent the abuse of public power community-based organizations, the narrow sense of community or the growth of individual consciousness, and for the maintenance of the whole social and public interests, government supervision is essential for community-based organizations . Of course, government supervision of the community must grasp a "degree" of the problem, community-based organizations should be without prejudice to the principle of the autonomy of both community-based organizations to ensure effective government oversight, but also the full protection of the freedom of community organizations .

2. Community-based organizations on the government of checks and balances
First, the Government is a monopoly of coercive power the country with the organization, its behavior constraints relative to any other form of organization is to be small. At present, although people need to have effective oversight of government power to reach a consensus, however, China addition to the Government internal oversight mechanism, people tend to be more emphasis on the social supervision of public opinion and focus on the supervision of individual citizens. However, the limitations of public opinion, the weakness of the power of individual citizens are unable to fully assume its social responsibility of supervision. So full community organizations to play a supervisory functions to organize the power to prevent civil rights violations by all sides, has become imperative. Second, community organizations, between government and citizens as a social intermediary organizations exist, in essence, _ [is an autonomous organization of civil society , in addition to the government by law to accept guidance and supervision, but also should have the autonomy independent of the Government, and never should be the government's "one leg" Sichuan. Moreover, our community is in the public administration planned economy to market economy, "all Government "to Service Government developed the process of change, and community organizations must be able to represent the community supervision of law enforcement activities of government officials to effectively participate in national administration and supervision of the activities of government agencies.

Communities in addition to government public administration public management and social interaction mechanisms, there is still a government public administration, public management and market management, culture management, information management more complex interaction mechanism between, we also need the theory and in the future practice and further depth of study. reposted elsewhere in the Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com