Donald Fountain Landscape Design

Abstract contemporary American landscape designer Peter Walker of the classic works on behalf of Donald Fountain, interpretation of eArth Art, minimalism works in the integration and expression, and the work function and explores the relationship between the Arts.

Keywords Downer fountain; Peter Walker; landscape design

AbstractThrough the introduction ofthe classic work Tanner Fountain of contemporary America's landscape architect master Peter Walker, integration and expression of land Art, minimalism in Tanner Fountain were explored, and the relationship between function and Art was discussed.

Keywords:Tanner Fountain; Peter Walker; landscape design

By the famous American landscape designer Peter Walker (Peter Walker) fountain designed Donald (Tanner Fountain), located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University campus, built in 1984, this blend of minimalism, and the earth art, and a strong work of Peter Walker design, though after 20 years of age spend, the layout of its simple, modern, classical elements, the original flavor of the thick, mysterious atmosphere, still exudes a charming art, be regarded as a minimalist landscape design classic, and in 2008 by the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA) awarded Landmark Award (Landmark Award). ASLA Professional Awards Jury Comments: As a landscape architect creating public example of one of the early works of sculpture, the work is first of its kind to create a career and stood the test of time while retaining all the original ideas of the designer. The design is easy to the public closer to the form of a non-traditional landscape fountain and showing the changing seasons. It is deeply rooted in people's memories [1].

1 Synopsis
Tanner Fountain at Harvard University Science Center Campus Road in front of a pedestrian crossing, the 159 made of natural stones arranged in an irregular diameter of 18 m and the center of the circular Stonehenge fountain fog formed. Stones in the entire the junction of asphalt and grass, stone part of the body buried in the ground, the stones like a slowly spreading to the grass in the advantage of the opportunity, as an extension of the green grass under a tree, as is the natural integration of environment, natural growth out of the same. every stone about long 120 cm, width 60 cm, high 60 cm, the shoots were roughly 40 cm, can be used as a stone table just (sitting on the grass) or a stone bench.

Early in the design, Harvard University President Derek Burke noted that many of the campus fountain pool leakage because of maintenance problems such as headaches and ultimately had transformed into green space, he expected Walker to propose a solution to these challenges fountain solution. Downer fountain fountains the traditional design concept has made bold changes, Peter Walker, a fountain pool that did not use the usual combination of traditional form, but remove the pool, through the rational design of vertical drainage problems to solve, so that Donald can be more flexible in form fountain free, by the fountain in the form of innovation, successfully changed the traditional understanding of the people on the fountain.

Stonehenge center fog fountain decorated by the rounded center in the Stonehenge area composed of 32 heads, Stonehenge central fountain the water fog mist formed between the mist floating in the stone. Formed by the fountain scene will be as seasonal and time changes, spring, summer, autumn, regularly spray nozzle mist bursts, and suspended in the central region of Stonehenge; and winter by the Center for Science in the steam heating system, Stonehenge center will be slightly hot steam circled churn, or through the Stonehenge people through, there will be a strong sense of mystery. Downer fountain is simple, simple, reveals the mysterious beauty of the original, though set in a campus shuttle flow of the intersection, but by irregular circular array of natural stones and mist fountain for the division of space, making a noisy environment from around the rush to separate and form a relatively quiet space where people can comfortably read, rest and exchange.

2 Compositions
As a landmark works of landscape design, Donald Fountain has a distinct minimalist and land art of the color, but also has a thoughtful consideration of use of function [2].

Links to Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com 2.1 Stonehenge Land Art
60 era began in earnest in the 20th century, earth art, after decades of development, has become an important means of landscape design is one of Earth Art and the combination of modern public garden of good works continue to emerge, such as Maya Lin designed the Vietnam war dead in Washington soldiers monument, designed bais Hargreaves than parks, and Tanner is one of the outstanding representatives of the fountain works.

Downer venues around the Fountain of Harvard yard George era, the era of modern science center and the Victorian Gothic Town Hall. Walker, who hopes to Donald as the new fountain in harmony with the surrounding environment, the image of rural New England in Boston rational integration into the campus atmosphere of Harvard. Walker design ideas inspired by Sally Si Boli Plain in southern England (Salisbury Plain), on for thousands of years of history Stonehenge (Stonehenge) sites. Walker, Massachusetts adopted the 159 When the estate of the natural stones from the surrounding public spaces by numerous enclosed space out of a relatively quiet and classical architectural style with the surrounding environment to coordinate.

2.2 Minimalism sequence
Minimalism (Minimalism) is a kind of simple geometric shapes as the basic art of language, art movement. Walker that the minimalist art of the most common approach (continued on page 241)
(Continued from p. 238)
"Sequence" - an element of the re-use, or the interval between the repeated elements in the landscape design is very effective [3]. In Tanner Fountain, Walker traditional natural stone as the basic design elements, through "serial" approach to 159 stone into a circular diameter of the space of 18 m, and the approximate number of concentric circular space is again a "sequence" in the form of composition. Walker good at simple elements, emphasizing the geometric composition, an artificial order to guide the nature of the material.

"Donald is a fountain filled with minimalist spirit of the work," Walker said, "the expression of this art is suitable for college students on campus and for knowledge of doubt on the wisdom of Harvard University to explore." [3] Fountain itself in the form of simple it expressed in the complex environment focused on their own emphasis. the simple form of the landscape design is rich and varied experience, along with the weather, seasons and different times of the day has a wealth of changes so as to observe natural changes and fountain A reincarnation of all things media. When asked how broad the definition of minimalism and understanding, the Walker concise answer "material that is itself" [4]. Donald A good example is the fountain, stone, mist fountains, lawn, concentric circles, etc., in the form reduced to reflect the beauty of its nature, the concept of "abstract from the complexity of the essence extracted in order to achieve the pursuit of simplicity" as a basic design philosophy.

2.3 Arts and function
Walker has been exploring the combination of art and landscape and garden design in a bid to reach the art of minimalist artists achieved a high degree of [3]. Gallery minimalist artists do not need to face the problem of garden design features, complex structural problems and safety issues, but some characteristics are also gardens do not have minimalism art, such as plant growth problems. In a sense, Peter Walker has gone beyond minimalism, because he was in the pursuit of extreme Jane was not indifferent, while the significance of the landscape. Peter Walker trying to create a kind of "visual quality" of the place, so that people can happily inside activities. Downer was successfully designed the fountain to rest, reading, communication, gathering place, and at the same time as the children explore the space and attract walkers to stay and enjoy the sights, both cold, with a mystery, but also has a good appreciation and use of functions. Peter Walker believes that first of all design features to meet needs. Even in the most artistic design or function to uphold the idea of the first and only then realized in the form [4].

Today, many garden designers competing to imitate the way Walker's minimalist design, but mostly in the form of a work focus, too obsessed with the pursuit of visual composition, and ignored the need to meet functional, intentionally or unintentionally violate the design in mind. Therefore, designers must remember that work is in the public gardens, is the place to meet the public activities, but by no means a purely visual arts.

3 References
[1] ASLA FUND.The Landmark Award Tanner Fountain [EB / OL]. Http://asla.org/awards/2008/08winners/312.html.

[2] Lei, Chen Fei. Minimalism and Bitewoke [J]. Shanxi Architecture, 2010,36 (13) :15-16.

[3] Xiangrong, Lin Qing. Modern Western theory and practice of landscape design [M]. Beijing: China Building Industry Press, 2002.

[4] Interview with Peter Walker [J]. Application for the Army, translated. Urban Environmental Design, 2007 (4) :19-20.

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