Mutual water project operation and management of rural counties Problems and Solutions

Brief summary of the Mutual Aid County water project operation and management problems, proposed strategies in order to provide for rural water supply Project Management reference.

Keywords: rural water supply projects; problems; countermeasures; Qinghai Mutual

Mutual Aid County water supply projects, 80 years since the 20th century to the present water supply point home construction project has gone through 30 years of history. Now up and running the rural water supply projects [1-4] has 270. Resolved 46000, 21.56 million people and 192 700 (only) of livestock drinking water. based on years of experience in operation and management of rural water supply projects, the author appears to run the project summarized problems and make recommendations to solve the problem, for reference.

1, the problems in operation management
1.1 The shortage of water supply
Mutual Aid County water supply projects, all over the spring travel for the water district. In recent years, as climate warming and other reasons, most places Huzhu decreasing the amount of spring water seepage. Coupled with the rural economic development, living standards of farmers increased water consumption is increasing. Therefore, in the annual March-July often works the problem of inadequate water supply.

1.2 regular pipe rupture
Apart from some quality issues due to pipe rupture, the most important thing is in the running process produced a negative pressure within the pipe or pipes caused by excessive pressure. The reasons: First, the management of improper operation, such as the rapid closure of the inlet valve, short time, the valve behind the formation of a vacuum pipe negative pressure generated. Second, lack of pipe into the exhaust valve set. In the absence of air intake valve in the pipeline when the inlet valve is closed, the air can not enter the pipeline, so that the tube produced pressure to form a vacuum. brittleness external pressure pipe is easily crushed, flexible pipe capacity is partial pressure of external pressure (particularly buried pipes in the gravel layer is more susceptible to pressure side); and when the inlet valve is quickly opened because the air can not be discharged, so that the pipeline rupture caused by the pressure increases rapidly. In addition, mutual aid county elevation, the climate is cold, and the large difference in elevation. permafrost layer in winter, 1.5 ~ 2.0 m. If the pipe is less than the depth of frozen layer thickness, cracking pipes often occur in winter phenomenon.

1.3 poor water supply mains
Mutual County is located in the hilly region, Alexander Goushen, the complex topography. For laying water pipes with the terrain, undulating lines. In the formation of water pipes during a certain amount of gas. Over time, these gases together stop slide arch part of the pipe, blocking the flow tube, resulting in poor water supply mains.

1.4 overflow pipes undrained
Over the years in the construction and management, the role of reservoir overflow pipes are not seriously. Once the reservoir overflow pipes blocked, the reservoir will overflow, causing light downstream farmland and roads are washed; serious cause reservoir based was washed away, dumping the reservoir accident; even downstream farmers destroyed homes and caused property losses farmers have occurred from time. overflow drainage pipe is not mainly in the following situations: First, the floating tank leaks into the overflow pipe, the in the overflow pipe joints, adjustable, etc. accumulated to form the interface block, resulting in poor drainage overflow pipes; Second, when the drains have been laid, a point to be arch, in the running, the pipe arch at the the gas block poor drainage caused by overflow pipes; third exit overflow pipes freezing in winter, the ice piled up to block exports, resulting in poor drainage overflow pipes. reposted elsewhere in the Research Papers Download http: / / www.hi138.com 2 Strategies
2.1 strengthen the daily management
The first water works to strengthen routine inspections, timely removal of water to the silt, debris, etc., to prevent clogging water intake; regular cleaning water filtration bed to ensure that water does not reduce the amount of water. Second, efforts to strengthen water management, metering and charging reasonable and increase penalties for evasion phenomenon of water, reduce water waste. The third is looking for a second water, small water plants can be built conditions.

2.2 The way to prevent pipe rupture
Operating procedures should be standardized, so that off, open the valve when the speed is moderate, quick closing valve to prevent the formation of a vacuum pipe. In the absence into the exhaust valve of the pipe, intake and exhaust valves automatically added to the feed water valve is closed the air into the pipeline in time to prevent the formation of a vacuum pipe; inlet valve is opened the air is discharged in time to prevent the product gas and pipeline pressure. In order to prevent pipeline rupture due to freezing and shallow burial depth of Mountain Pipeline not less than 1.7 m; brain Mountain pipeline burial depth of not less than 2.0 m.

2.3 Transformation and elimination of overflow pipes mains plug
At some distance (1 ~ 3 km), in the water supply pipe of automatic exhaust valves. Exhaust valve placed in the pipe arch in place. This will allow the formation of the gas pipeline automatically discharged at any time, without affecting the pipeline the water flow. closed reservoir to maintain reservoir is no debris. eliminate the hidden overflow pipe plug. Select the gradient large, flat address laying drainage pipes. and to maintain a straight pipe laying, reduce the drain inner product the phenomenon of water product gas. drain buried layer below the ground frozen and prevent icing tube and plug channels. Winter strengthen the reservoir and overflow pipes exit routine inspections, timely removal of the export of ice overflow pipes to prevent drain port is blocked.

3 Conclusion
With the continuous progress of the new rural construction. Mutual aid County and increasing the scale of water project construction, construction standards improved. Control area covers the 19 county townships (towns). Properly manage and use these works, the key is to solve the above these problems. In addition, the project will also appear in the operation and management of many new situations and new problems. in the future management and practice management to constantly sum up experience, and continuously improve the management level, to ensure the normal operation of project safety.

4 References
[1] Zhao Shijun, Qinxu Hua, Cai Sen. Zhaoyuan management of rural water supply projects and Countermeasures [J]. Shandong Water Conservancy, 2008 (12) :40-41.

[2] Wang Zhenglin, Chunhua, Ren Limin. Rural areas through the work of management and operation of water projects [J]. Shandong Water Conservancy, 2008 (6) :41-42.

[3] Zhang Zhiguo. Lingqiu County Rural Water Supply Project Management Thoughts and discussion [J]. Shanxi Water, 2007 (2) :44-45.

[4] Chao. Crack operation and management of rural water supply projects of the four major problems [J]. Shandong Water Conservancy, 2006 (10) :8-9.

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