Irrigation water user participation in irrigation management problems and countermeasures

Abstract explained Irrigation status management system and operational mechanism is introduced water user participation in irrigation management effectiveness, and analyzes its problems and proposed strategies in order for the irrigation water user participation in irrigation management to provide information.

Keywords: water user participation; irrigation management; the status quo; problems; countermeasures; Irrigation

The old irrigation management system can not meet the needs of the market economy in the new period, irrigation reform is imperative, the establishment of WUA irrigation reform is to adapt to achieve optimal allocation and efficient use of water resources, the establishment of the necessary water-saving irrigation requirements of modern [1]. Bojili Irrigation Area was established in 2004, the city's first one WUA, after the operation proved to establish WUA, to improve irrigation, improving irrigation and crop production, promote water-saving irrigation, lighten their burdens, and promote water conservancy economic cycle, promoting irrigation management systems and operational mechanisms of reform [2], to promote the management work irrigation have played a very good role.

An irrigation management system and operational mechanism of Status
Irrigation Authority Bojili self-supporting nature of institutions, by the higher administrative department of water Water Conservancy Bureau, Binzhou City, the leadership of the backbone of the main channel of the counties and their water management In 1986 the building was established by the City (the original Administrative Office) in charge of the leadership, Huimin, Yangxin, Wudi County, the deputy governor and three irrigation Bureau is mainly responsible for irrigation management committee member, developed the Yellow River, "the unified, hierarchical management, metering of water supply, according to party charges dredging by water-sharing tasks and the implementation of water conservation, "the irrigation management. and implemented three levels of management, three with water: Irrigation Bureau of trunk pipe, water distribution to the county; county management of branch canals, water distribution to the township; Township tube lateral canal, water distribution to the field. Irrigation Board is responsible for the diversion canal irrigation, water supply, water distribution, water, water testing, water canal and buildings of management, alterations, maintenance, conservation, and organize the main channel dredging.

2 irrigation problems in the existing operating mechanism
2.1 The responsibilities of the main branch canal following works is not clear
Currently Bojili Irrigation District is only responsible for dry-level channel management, water distribution to the branch; County is responsible for branch-level channel management, distribution of water to the bucket; fighting following works by the township (town) is responsible for management. A long time, due to lack of investment, support the following projects Aging , degradation more generally, engineering the destruction of a serious, serious scrabble indiscriminate digging, water the peak of disordered water over water, not when no one is interested, the following branch canal channel is not effectively managed the last stage.

2.2 The difficulties in management unit water tariff
Binzhou Yellow River for irrigation, the current municipal water charges in irrigation water users subject to the general collection, village, township, county, city and then to irrigation management unit, the intermediate links and more, resulting in difficulties in water tariff, water charges arrears widespread. water can not make full and timely collection, seriously affected the normal operation of irrigation.

2.3 The water distribution is unreasonable, a serious waste of water resources
Irrigation water management unit of measurement municipal water to the county, the county charges by side, while the county is basically a big pot of water, the average amount of water allocated to the township, the township population in acres and then sharing the home, the people section water awareness is not strong, resulting in water waste.

3, the effectiveness of water user participation in irrigation management
3.1 The final stage will help to improve project management and protection status of channels
The establishment of water users association management organizations of the past into a loose legal status of water management organizations, farmers in the investment decision-making, management, supervision, and so regain the initiative, to further strengthen the sense of ownership; the change of ideology so that they start from the Passive labor into active over the past investment in construction, maintenance and management of serious, scientific and technological progress, and gradually increase awareness of water conservation, irrigation projects to be effective irrigation management.

3.2 Irrigation efficiency help to ensure a steady state to play
After the establishment of water user associations, water management, management rights to the water users and irrigation work with the organizers, managers, quantity of water consumed directly linked with the economic interests of farmers, the use of household and irrigation water management institutions as community of interests, can mobilize the masses to participate in the greatest degree the construction of irrigation management and motivation; efficient type of water supply for irrigation water management to promote the demonstration and played a good role in promoting the effective irrigation area is conducive to sustained and steady play.

3.3 help to promote water conservation
Water Users Association is conducive to the implementation of big pot of water to eliminate the phenomenon, and enhance awareness of water conservation water users, improve water utilization, to the purpose of pouring water expansion, and reduction of intermediate links, simplifies the collection process water, avoiding the kinds of unreasonable burden and ride charges, reduce the burden of water charges, water charges will help to ensure timely and full collection. to happiness Cheng Bojili Irrigation Water Users Association as an example of farmers, associations of total annual irrigation water 34 501.2 m3, real water area of 19.82 hm2, canal water use coefficient of 0.62, gross irrigation quota 1 910.7 m3/hm2, well below the average level of irrigation, water-saving effect is obvious.

Links to Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com 3.4 for the field construction
Since the implementation of contract responsibility system in rural areas, Field of a non-investment projects, two non-management body, seriously affecting the quality of irrigation. Water Users Association was founded, became the main field of project management, and actively seek loans to the central agricultural irrigation, irrigation every year from out a certain percentage of water in the field construction funds for major repairs, lining channels at various levels, supporting the transformation of the building, while water, water users associations to launch a labor discount information, to ensure that the field construction.

4 water user participation in irrigation management measures
4.1 The water users association is to ensure the establishment of democratic participation and an important foundation for healthy Development
Water Users Association, water users by their very nature, democratically organized social groups. Therefore, adherence to democratic participation, democratic decision-making, mobilize democratic participation of water users from all the enthusiasm of [3], is able to exist and Development Association organizational guarantee. Only full play to democracy, rely on team work, solidarity and cooperation, to properly guide and attract more participation of water users associations in an effort to highlight the association as a "private, public management, for the people" of the community organizations in irrigation management played in active role in ensuring that the local government association leadership and irrigation management institutions under the guidance of the business to a "self-organizing, self-management, self-Development," the sound operation and sustainable Development track.

4.2 between government, water users and irrigation management institutions is to ensure that the relationship between the Association of the key to healthy and sustainable Development
Water Users Association as a new cooperative organizations of farmers in the early days of water may be encountered in the management system and operation mechanism of the difficulties, it requires the government to give more guidance and support policy, irrigation management institutions need to business, technical guidance [4]. Therefore, the water users associations in the development, growth, promotion is a system problem, it is not simply wishful thinking or irrigation water users in the will of authorities to achieve, and its development until promotion of macroeconomic regulation and control as those who need the government to give a positive policy guidance and convenient services, and even become a system, system. only in the system of norms and constraints, a clear tripartite powers, responsibilities, benefits, meaning, can establish Association for the development of long-term mechanism to adapt.

4.3 Irrigation management to provide regular guidance and supervision of business associations is to ensure sound operation of an important part of achieving
Association of the normal operation of irrigation management can not do without professional guidance, water users can not do without business skills to improve irrigation management guidance and training. On a regular business associations to provide guidance and training to improve the quality of personnel associations to help them regulate and skilled to carry out business of great importance. only to provide regular guidance and technical training services, to ensure the operation and management of associations gradually institutionalized and standardized to ensure that irrigation management and the Association of business cooperation between the institutionalized , standardization, and ultimately achieve "win-win situation."
4.4 Water Measurement supporting facilities to ensure that water metering, collection and other aspects of the important scientific and reasonable protection
Standardized, accurate measurement of water fee collecting water work is an important scientific basis, irrigation management and the common interests of water users associations to measure the ultimate reunification of water to water, if the amount of water facilities do not match, then the work can not be measured quantity of water and, more testing can not guarantee the accuracy of the normative and water. Therefore, Water Measurement supporting facilities are achieving the standard basis of flow measurement is important to ensure the protection of scientific and reasonable fee collecting.

5 Conclusion
Bojili WUA in irrigated areas of work has yielded some success, but compared with other advanced irrigation there is a certain distance. Irrigation District will be under the correct leadership of higher authorities to strengthen coordination with the water sector, by the Yellow River Delta the development of the east, to promote the work of WUA irrigation to a new level, for the construction of new socialist countryside and make new contributions.

6 References
[1] China Irrigation and Drainage Development Center. Irrigation Irrigation Modernization and rapid assessment methods [M]. Beijing: China Water Power Press, 2007.

[2] Zhao River, Chenchong De, Peng Liang. WUA to explore sustainable development [J]. China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2005 (9) :54-55.

[3] Zhang Lei. The farmers involved in the construction and management of water [J]. China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2006 (4) :23-24.

[4] Hu scientists. WUA development of thinking [J]. China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2006 (5) :8-10.

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