On the Xinjiang River basin of the river Manas county water planning

Abstract The water River basin of the natural, social and economic profile of sub-basin of the river water composition and Water floods often occur, that the construction of flood control projects and channels of the necessity to provide for the construction of flood control projects basis.

Keywords: flood control project construction; flood control planning; river; water River basin; of the Manas

An overview of water River basin
1.1 Overview of natural
Shimizu Manas River basin is located in the territory of southern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, according to the middle of the Tianshan Mountains with the northern foot of Mt Ga Ha Bier, southern edge of Junggar Basin, longitude 86 �� 4.20 ', latitude 44 �� 9.10' ~ 43 �� 21.13 ', Hutubi County, Xinjiang, east Seoul Town of birds, west of Tacheng area under the jurisdiction of Shawan County, south to the watershed south of the Tianshan Mountain and and static Aershan County, which borders the north and cool the territory of Xinjiang Manas County State of households connected to the town. The total area 2 594.7km2. jurisdiction of Xinjiang Manas County townships Qingshuihe sub Kazakhstan, Xinjiang, Kazakhstan, Manas County Townships dry clamp Beach.

Dry edge of the former Hill clips beach alluvial fan terraces drought, cold winter, long, hot summer, drought, low rainfall, annual rainfall 210mm, average evaporation is 1 800mm, evaporation, abundant sunshine, the temperature difference between day and night. For many years the average temperature 6.8 ��; 1 The mean temperature of -11.6 ��, extreme maximum temperature of 36 ��, minimum temperature of -30 ��,> = 10 �� accumulated temperature 2 901.2 ��. annual average frost-free period 158d, up to 180d, the shortest 140d, the average first frost for many years 10 3, the final frost is April 24. annual sunshine hours 4 446h, real photos 2 860h. annual global solar radiation for the 513.30KJ/cm2, PAR was 359.65KJ/cm2. scarce rainfall, evaporation large amount of water shortage; water river town is a typical sub-mountain climate, abundant rainfall, flash floods, terrain frequent rain, water use efficiency is very low. Water key projects within the region was built in the 20th century, 60's, after years of operating, engineering frost heave, erosion, and collapse is serious. resulting in most of the irrigation water to go the natural valley and water waste.

1.2 socio-economic conditions
River basin of water is Kazak-based multi-ethnic gathering, social economy based livestock production, and part of the agricultural production, with a total population of 12,702 people. The valley is warm before the mountain hills, is the quality of tomato cultivation base will help to develop horticulture, pasture growth, fattening cattle and sheep breeding. Qingshuihe average runoff sub 130.3 million m3, the total amount of water dry trunk clamp 4 9.24 million m3, of which agricultural water 4 7,289,300 m3, sideline and domestic water 1,947,300 m3. dry clamp Tanxiang are surface water irrigation water, dry month of March for the 6,7,8.

Irrigated area suitable for growing wheat, rice, oilseeds, corn, tomatoes, alfalfa and other crops, to 2002, irrigation has developed a small-scale irrigated area 1 866.7hm2 Agricultural Development Zone. Including planting area of 1 533.3hm2, GDP 2188 million in agricultural output value 1 819 million yuan, 539.3 yuan per capita net income of 2 .2004 total economic income of the whole irrigation area 6 788 million and 1.66 million total fiscal revenue Qingshuihe .2005 sub-irrigated acreage accounted for 59.8% of food economic crop area accounted for 29.9%, 10.3% pasture area, a high proportion of food crops area, grass planting area is relatively low.

2, Basic Water
River basin of water main water conservancy include: unity canal headworks, coal mines, coal mine, the liberation of drainage channels, water and other projects along the river sub-channel. Irrigation area of 1 680hm2, belonging to medium-sized irrigation mountain. Liberation channel started in September 1951 , completed in November that year a total length of 12.5km, the design flow of 0.7m3 / s, 1972 ~ 1973 total of reinforced concrete construction of the crossing, Block 2, bad, and the supporting structures 24, the channel has a simple diversion gate. the liberation of the main channel to solve Pui Mother house, red pit, Quince Watt and other three villages 460hm2 irrigation and 3 villages of more than 2 000 people and livestock water. channel has been running for 50 years, the water capacity of only 0.3m3 / s. Drainage of youth was built in 1959, total length of 4.5km, the design flow 1m3 / s, supporting a total of 23 buildings, and take the first dry clamp Tanxiang Qucun, east village, the first sub-three villages 633.3hm2 pier irrigation and drinking water 2 500 people, large part of the soil drains. dry ditches built in 1979, a total length 12km, design flow of 0.4m3 / s, supporting a total of 18 buildings, was responsible for salads, Hu Lagan, Bath Road, 180hm2 irrigation and 1 500 people drinking water. unity canal was built in 1963, the total length of 42.5km, the design flow of 3.5m3 / s, building 119, to carry water River Township, three villages son, Kazi four villages dry farmland irrigation and 7 000 people and livestock drinking water [1].

3 flood
River water is located in mountainous hills sub winter snowfall is heavy flood scour the river banks, causing bank collapse, destroyed villages, farmland, threatening the safety of key water conservancy projects and factories, mines and townships; destroyed small and temporary water facilities, causing floods or drought of non- situation; temporary and small-scale coastal water Longkou also cited the mainstream, further exacerbating the erosion of river banks; open floods along river banks or dams, flooding large tracts of farmland, villages and towns.

River water is mainly affected by the formation of sub-snow floods, temperature and precipitation in three factors, based on limited hydrological data records, sub-water river occurred many times in history different types of floods, especially in summer-type storm caused by high temperature floods have occurred, due to air in West Tianshan Mountains upwind slope, and then decreased after the flow was forced to lift, so the mountain is rich in precipitation, more than a certain limit in the rain when the storm type of flood can occur.

Qingshuihe child in 1966, 1969, there had been 2 times greater and the melting snow and heavy rain storm flood hybrid flood, storm flood in the 20th century was 70 years flat trend, the peak, compared with 60 years of the 20th century, showing a clear downward trend . into 80 years, Xinjiang by the global "El Nino" abnormal climate, floods, has its sudden occurrence and non-regularity. the performance of its natural sign Hou large winter snow mountains, plains in summer precipitation in the area increased, spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall is uneven, localized heavy rainfall within a small area frequently. From the late 20th century to the 20th century, 80 no, son River flood water runoff have rebounded over 70 years.

For decades, water along the river bed child on both sides of the construction of flood control projects in non-capital cases, are from the villages along the river, field stations, factories, mines, enterprises and other departments have voluntarily organized the construction of flood risks is dangerous section of the river bed as a temporary emergency flood control projects (such as: puzzle masonry, pressure of lead than the cage, press the preparation of bags, playing raft pile, grass target pressure, mechanical rockfill embankment berm, etc.), in the face of heavy rains, floods in , peak flow big time, it can not ensure that the flood control task, so that temporary emergency flood control project can not guarantee long-term protection, coupled with sub-water river located in remote mountainous areas, weak economic conditions, no flood management and flood control planning, when the flood comes, can only take emergency flood control measures, therefore, floods serious economic losses.

July 23, 1987 River upstream water in the serious floods due to heavy rainfall, the maximum peak flow 190m3 / s, sustained 35min, washed away a large number of residential buildings and units of cross-strait facilities, causing direct economic losses of more than 300 million.

As the current storm water River sub-bed in winter snowfall, floods scour the river banks, causing bank collapse, forming a bed of 30 ~ 50m wide.

4 flood control project status and problems of
4.1 non-controlled reservoir
River sub-mountain areas due to the current non-controlled water reservoir, a large reduction peak can not be regulated, directly into the formation of frequent irrigation, large-scale disasters, along the river and its downstream section of the formation of many of the flood vulnerable spot.

4.2 crude flood control works, flood poor
River basin of water over the years people of all nationalities and flood disasters have made unremitting struggle, the construction of dams, time and again rebuilt water supply works cited reinforcement, reinforcement vulnerable spot location, and achieved some results. However, due to lack of unity over the construction of these projects management and planning, coupled with lack of funds, engineering standards is low, many of the existing projects aging, serious damage, a flood is a flood into the state of tension [2].

4.3 The flood front length, irrigation levels of government and excessive burden on farmers
Every child occurred Qingshuihe more than 10 years of a flood event, towns and villages along the river Manas, and have organized a large number of policy authorities, farmers, raising a large number of straw bags, sacks, wire and stone on the river a few vulnerable spot to repair the lot, in fighting personnel anywhere from 500 to 600 people to more than thousands of people, many organs can not be normal; young peasant labor in fighting, not only affected agricultural production, but also to raise supplies to the local Government and the enormous burden of farmers.

Links to Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com 4.4 there is no uniform, comprehensive flood control plan
As sub-flow path Qingshuihe several administrative units in the area, the lack of unified management, the units their own way, no rules restricting the construction of buck passing between flood control projects, flood barriers, harm the other side.

5 flood control project construction and urgency of the need for
5.1 Construction of flood control projects related to stability and unity and stability
River basin of water is the minority areas, in the "stability overrides everything" premise, the first problem to be solved is to let the masses have a stable production and living environment, if not for flood control planning, flood disasters from time to time interference with people's normal production order, devouring their land, houses, livestock and other property and even lives, and it can not ensure that people concentrate on production life, greater social stability and planted a hidden danger [3.

5.2 Construction of flood control project construction and sustainable regional economic Development needs
Advance of the western Development strategy will increase infrastructure investment, production and western regions and gradually improve the living conditions and strengthen the railway, highway, aviation, water conservancy facilities, information infrastructure; strengthen ecological environment construction, environmental mitigation protection and the tension between economic Development; water River basin of the Tianshan Mountains in the heart of the economic zone, located in Urumqi and Shihezi between two major cities, neighboring Changji City, the infrastructure is water River basin of the economy Development is the lifeblood, but also related to the Xinjiang Tianshan Mountains with the stable development of the economy [4].

5.3 Construction of flood control projects is to reduce the burden on local government and the needs of the people
Solve the flood problem, reduce the levels of government and the people within the catchment area in the flood of investment money and labor, reducing the local burden of financial and people, especially the burden of irrigation farmers.

5.4 River basin is related to the overall situation of ecological environment in major
River training, can go trough the flood flow is conducive to the downstream water supply and protect the downstream areas of the green corridor, to prevent desertification.

6 Conclusion
Good anti-flooding plan, not only can effectively reduce disaster losses, and can protect the valley current and future sustainable, healthy and coordinated development. Xinjiang Manas County Commission, the People's Government attached great importance to water management River basin of the river, had many on-site review and convene an expert meeting discussed, in early 2009 to determine the overall layout of the flood control project proposed next 3 years program management tasks and arrangements for the deployment of a number of preliminary work based on a better sub-channel river water treatment projects . must be noted that flood control projects are urban and rural infrastructure construction, often works great, especially the larger initial investment, but the benefits are obvious and far-reaching. For this reason, may apply for central government financial support in key areas can guide effective management of medium and small rivers to meet the short-term construction needs, while promoting comprehensive and systematic planning to carry out river is a very necessary and urgent. to gradually develop and improve the anti-handling flood control system combining the promotion of economic, social and ecological environmental development.

7 References
[1] Chenming Xi, Chen Fangqing, Liu Defu. Using landscape ecology principles and the construction of ecological streambank protection [J]. Yangtze River Resources and Environment, 2007 (1) :97-101.

[2] Yang Oriental, Wang, Hongtao. Pinggu Metro water rivers and lakes of existing problems and countermeasures [J]. Beijing Water, 2009 (6) :3-5.

[3] Yang Yun. On the more natural type of river management method of the ecological environment of rivers [J]. Sichuan Environment, 1999 (1) :20-25.

[4] Zhu Lingfeng, Zhang Yuping, DENG Jian Min, et al. River restoration technology application and ecological significance [J]. Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2009 (7) :3221 -3222.

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