From the dynamic game of water conservancy construction project management to establish incentive and restraint mechanisms

Paper Keywords: Project Management, Incentive Game
Paper Abstract: The general management of hydraulic projects, as a single level, owners and contractors do not take into account the different economic entities of the management of incentive and restraint mechanisms; reward and punishment system from the owner and contractor point of view, is a after the control method, from the management theory is in the early to determine passive management and passive feedback control, dynamic optimization of excitation control can not be achieved, which is to achieve full dynamic control system. Based on this, the paper proposes dynamic games from the perspective of the owners and contractor management game between the master-slave relationship, so as to establish contract management based on water conservancy construction Project Management incentive and restraint mechanisms.

A water conservancy construction Project Management, the basic characteristics of
1) elements from the overall point of view the complexity of systems and closely related, to the systematic organization and management of the hardships of. Conservancy construction project system management subsystem mainly for owners, contractors, sub-system, supervision subsystem, monitoring subsystem, management subsystem composed of government, but the subsystem is composed by different organizational units, even if a subsystem may also be formed by several units, the composition of complex changes in large, systematic management of the project which the difficulties caused by performance: the difficulties of management of the unified command system, system planning and implementation of management problems, the system of people, financial, and material management difficulties.

2) determine the existence of fixed environment, water conservancy construction Project Management of the social. Conservancy construction project investment is relatively big, not move after construction is completed, will long to play a role, which determines his social victory (that is, their main consideration social benefits), which is put into use after the location of the benefits of economic and social development. Specifically, we must consider the social features are: projects must focus on the social and environmental benefits to consider; project implementation to the local economy social and environmental impact; quality construction Project Management as the core.

3) construction project management process once a systematic and scientific regularity. Systematic management of construction projects with a one-off features, there can not repeat the two projects, but any construction project management, has its scientific laws, and the specific the performance of the constituent elements of the same, the same procedures and processes, systematic management the same way and so on.

4) target from the target feature point of view there is inconsistency and consistency of the conflict. Conservancy construction project does not represent the overall objective of the subsystems, and units of goal congruence and, specifically, the owners of construction projects for the overall pursuit goal: the minimum investment, the shortest duration, the quality of the best put into use since the early completion of the maximization of social and environmental benefits, etc.; goal for the contractor is: in this work can give the profits of the enterprises, Benefit for the construction of the project itself does not care. Therefore, all participating units from the point of view, the goal with inconsistency. but because of all contractors to ensure achievement of objectives on the premise that the completion of construction projects that required under the owners to ensure the overall achievement of objectives can be achieved under the premise of the specific business targets, it is also consistent with the pursuit of goals. conservancy construction project management process itself is the goal consistency and inconsistency resolve the conflict, which requires from the owners, Game point of view, through the dynamic game, to establish the management of the owners as the main incentive and restraint mechanisms.

5) Water feature construction projects and more contractors. Hydraulic huge investment in construction projects, project management sub-management approach generally used, the project will be divided into several segments, such as a dam, water holes, spillway, plant , electrical and mechanical, metal structure projects. in accordance with the tender selection methods, respectively, to form more than one owner unit and between the sub-contractor project management. all completed sub-projects, the formation of the overall project completed.

Game 2 of water conservancy construction project management
Management of water resources projects mainly related to the Board for two participants: the owner and contractor. Including construction management, project owners are subject, is a priority for decision-making in action, and its goal is to ensure the quality standards under the premise with minimum investment, the shortest duration (amount of investment and planning, time error at least) to complete the implementation of construction projects; its decision-making operations for the performance of the contract, supervision and management on the basis of such incentive and restraint mechanisms, but its decisions, and contractors do not know the specific decision-making; their specific actions by the state policies and regulations, the specific water projects the objective law of the specific characteristics of construction projects (with geographical location and project technology, etc.) constraints; its comparison with the contractor to obtain information is the incomplete information dynamic game way. the contractor is to manage the objects and object, is in action after a subordinate decision-making, showing under the owner's incentive and restraint mechanisms to develop the decision-making, to make business decisions, namely reasonable arrangements for human , material and financial input into the projects go, its purpose is to obtain the maximum profit enterprises; owners of their actions restricted by the contract, the enterprise specific human material resources constraints; its owners access to information and information than is absolutely The dynamic game approach.

Water conservancy construction projects from a specific view, usually as a project owner, one or more contractor, which is an incomplete information dynamic cooperative games. Bidding to determine the distribution of benefits is a partner, planned duration and quality of technical requirements, program-based funding in order to establish the basis of the contract management of the dynamic game management incentive and restraint mechanisms.

3 Water Resources Management Project Establishment of incentive and restraint mechanisms
. A water conservancy construction project management incentive and restraint mechanisms contents
3.1.1 the content of motivation
Construction project management incentives targeted the main contents of incentive motivation and example. Example of the use of the traditional ideological work motivation, evaluation and establish a typical scientific modest publicity, so that contractors are motivated, this approach is widely used; target incentive is through planning and development of scientific and rational incentives to the contractor and the owners plan to achieve the same objectives, the completion or early completion of the premise of the compensation to be economic, which is the main content of incentives. to achieve the overall project management system can be Controllability. target incentives need to develop scientific standards, action too high or too low will inspire even the negative effects of bias, resulting in the overall project management system out of control. reposted elsewhere in the Research Papers Download http://www.hi138 . com 3.1.2 the content of bound
Construction Project Management constraints the main contents of the pressure constraints, correction constraints, coordination constraints. Coordination of communication and consultation through the constraints, the correct use of persuasion, criticism, education and other means, the water conservancy construction contractor compliance with project management, unified discipline, norms and systems rules, more specific purpose of the class constraint set, meaning, improve the function of restraint; correction bound for the contractor once the work content and schedule content with the progress of the owners have requested deviations will be punished economically. contractors in order to achieve this the goal of maximizing profits, business investment will be adjusted, bringing the error down to the smallest degree of direction to the overall objective of the system is running according to its composition and the system encourage unity between the controllability of the system.

3.2 Construction Project Management form of incentives and constraints
3. 2.1 in the form of incentive
Construction project management mainly in the form of incentive contract, the ideal incentive and reward incentives. One contract for all the basic forms of incentives and constraints, all incentives and constraints need to be fixed by the form of contracts; the ideal form of incentives is not reflected in the contract, you can recognition by means of meetings to complete the ideal incentive, but this should be through the establishment of water conservancy projects of the corporate credit market, companies involved in water based upon evaluation of the project files, etc. set up a business for the contractors involved in the qualification assessment and the future construction of other water project basis, to achieve the desired objectives of incentive; pay raise to invite Li abundance is reflected in all dark units with the content, the corresponding quantities to the contractor to complete the payment, combined with constraints to economic reward and punishment.

3.2.2 Constraints in the form of
The form of project management to regulate the binding constraint, penalty constraints and risk constraints. Through the standardization of contract formulation, supervision and implementation of the system mode of economic sanctions and risk constraints that play a role. Contract specifications and project specifications to achieve specific management constraints basis.

3.3 Construction Project Management incentive and restrictive mechanism of the main objectives
Content and form of the above, can achieve our goal: quality management objectives, capital management goals and management objectives duration. Which water quality management project management project management of our core, where we put it as a constraint, that is not satisfied with the quality standard works, will all the re-construction, the losses generated entirely by the Contractor, in the development of financial management and duration management plan objectives, through the management incentive and restraint mechanisms, continue to the implementation of incentives and constraints on the contractor to achieve funding and duration planned and actual results of minimum deviation, the project management system in order to achieve optimal control and coordination.

Finally would like to emphasize that the implementation of the dynamic game management is not to expand the game, into a game, the contrary is to reduce the game, to eliminate the introduction of a management initiative may have the game space, take preventive measures. Since we know that "there Measures under the policy, "the inertia exists, why should we wait until all measures have been proffered to hastily respond? should not be a passive management game behavior, on the contrary, it requires us to engage in a more positive attitude to management, that is, managers should be treated as equal opponents, respect their values, rather than by the dictates of management tools as they can, how to do it to you how you got to do, or to walk. which is actually managers is being on the enthusiasm, initiative, or even neglect their independent personality. In addition, the implementation of dynamic game management is also not the opposite of expansion of management. because the Management and was manager there, after all, the interests of consistency. In the game, we must acknowledge to be full of managers are rational, so-called "measures" are generally conducted in a rational can be controlled within the range. When we had managed to block the space of possible express a variety of game " measures "to bear greater risks difficult to avoid as being full of rational analysis and comparison of managers after, the course also will not take" measures "pay a higher cost, thus abandoning the covert rivalry with the efforts of managers . when the company gave up the relevant stakeholders to seek improper interest, if not willing to own intelligence or related resources idle, of course, going to fight for their legitimate interest, then a correct management initiatives and adopt a cooperative approach will become a wise choice. and in this case, the dynamic game management is no longer a "zero-sum game," It can be united to achieve a win-win or a win-win outcome.

Dynamic game is a win-win outcome advocated, that is, to achieve harmony and perfection. Links http://www.hi138.com Research Papers Download