On the application of mechanical and electrical integration technologies and trends

[Paper Keywords]: Machine CNC modular mechatronic

[Abstract]: Mechatronics is a complex Technology, mechanical Technology and microelectronic Technology, a product of mutual penetration of Information Technology is the inevitable trend of development of mechanical and electrical Industry. This paper describes the basic structure of mechatronic components and Technology The main application areas, and point out trends.



The development of modern science and technology has greatly promoted the cross and the infiltration of different disciplines, led the technical transformation of engineering and revolution. In the field of mechanical engineering, microelectronics and Computer technology since the rapid development and penetration to the formation of Machinery Industry mechanical and electrical integration, the mechanical structure of industrial technology, product organization, function and composition, production and management system has undergone tremendous changes in industrial production by the "electric machinery" into a "mechatronics" stage of development characterized by .


First, the core technology of mechatronics

Mechanical and electrical integration, including both software and hardware technology. Hardware is a mechanical body, sensors, Information processing unit and drive unit and other components. Therefore, in order to accelerate the development of mechanical and electrical integration, must be from the following aspects:

(A mechanical body technology

Mechanical body must improve performance, reduce quality, and improve the accuracy and other aspects to consider. Modern machinery products is generally based on iron and steel based materials, in order to reduce the quality to be improved in addition to the structure should also consider using non-metallic composite materials. Only the mechanical reduced body weight, be possible to achieve miniaturization of the drive system, thereby improving the control of rapid response to reduce energy consumption and improve efficiency.


(B sensor technology

The questions focused on improving sensor reliability, sensitivity and accuracy, enhancing the reliability and anti-interference has a direct relationship. In order to avoid electrical interference, there are trends in the sensor using optical fiber cables. For external Information sensors, the current major development non-contact detection technology.


(C Information Processing Technology

Mechanical and electrical integration with the significant progress in microelectronics, Information processing equipment (especially the popularity of micro-Computer applications are closely linked. For the further development of the mechanical and electrical integration, the need to improve the reliability of information processing equipment, including analog / digital conversion equipment reliability and time-sharing deal with the reliability of input and output, thereby increasing processing speed and solve the interference and standardization issues.


(D drive technology

Motor as the drive mechanism has been widely used, but in terms of rapid response and efficiency, there are still some problems. Are being actively developed and loaded with the motor encoder and the control of specific components - Sensors - Servo motor drive unit Trinity.


(E Interface Technology

In order to communicate with the Computer, you must make the data transfer format standard, normalized. Interface uses the same standard is not only conducive to information transmission and maintenance, and can simplify the design. Currently, the technical staff is working to develop low-cost, high-speed serial interface, to solve the non-contact of the signal cable, fiber optics, and optical coupling device of large capacity, miniaturization, standardization and other issues.


(Vi software technology

Software and hardware must be coordinated manner. In order to reduce software development costs and improve the efficiency of production and maintenance, to gradually implement software standardization, including standardization of procedures, processes modular, software programs curing, the implementation of software engineering.

Second, the mechanical and electrical main fields of application integration technology

(A CNC machine

CNC machine tools and the corresponding numerical control technology after 40 years of development, the structure, function, operation and control accuracy are rapidly increasing, in particular in:

1, bus, modular, compact structure, namely a multi-CPU, multi-master bus architecture.


2, the open design, that is, the hardware architecture and function modules are hierarchical, compatibility, consistent interface standards, to maximize the use of user benefits.


3, WOP technology and intelligent. The system can provide for the programming and implementation of the workshop two, three-dimensional dynamic simulation process and the introduction of online diagnosis, fuzzy control, intelligent mechanisms.


4, mass storage applications and modular software design, not only enriches the numerical control function, but also strengthened the CNC system control functions.


5, able to multi-process, multi-channel control, that has a machine to handle several independent processing of multiple tasks or control and the ability of a variety of machine tools and tool breakage detection, material handling, robot control are integrated into the system, etc. to go.


6, the system's multi-level network functions to strengthen the system and a complex combination of processing systems.


7, the board, single chip as the control unit, coupled with special chips and formed the template of the NC device compact.


(B Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS

CIMS implementation of existing decentralized system is not a simple combination, but the overall dynamic optimal synthesis. It breaks the boundary between the existing departments to create the backbone to control the "logistics" and "information flow", from a business decision , product development, production preparation, production and test to the organic integration of production and management. enterprises to improve integration between the elements of production can be better optimization of the configuration, the potential of various factors of production can play a greater .


(C flexible manufacturing systems (FMS

Flexible manufacturing system is a Computerized manufacturing system, mainly by the computer, numerical control machine tools, robots, feed pan, automatic handling car, and automated warehouses and other components. It can be random, real-time, according to quantity in accordance with the requirements of the assembly department, the production within the capacity of any of its parts, especially for many varieties, small and medium-volume, frequent design changes in the mass production of discrete parts.


(D industrial robots

Also known as 1st generation robot robot teaching and playback, they can only teach the repetitive motion of the working environment and lack of job changes in the object adaptability and flexibility, 2nd generation of robots with a variety of advanced transmission sense of components, operating environment and operation to obtain simple information objects, through computer processing, analysis, and make certain judgments, feedback control of the movement, showing a low-level intelligence, has begun to practical use, the 3rd generation robot that is intelligent robot, with a variety of cognitive functions, can be complex and critical thinking, judgments and decisions, to act independently in the operating environment, and the 5th generation computers closely.


Third, the development prospects of mechatronics

Throughout the development of domestic and foreign mechanical and electrical integration of the development status and trends in high-tech, mechanical and electrical integration will proceed in the following directions: Links to Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com (an intelligent

Intelligent Mechatronics and is the main difference between traditional mechanical automation is one of 21 mechanical and electrical integration of the development. In recent years, computer processor speeds increase and the high performance, sensor integration and intelligent system intelligent control algorithm for the embedding to create the conditions, a strong impetus to the mechanical and electrical integration products to the intelligent direction. intelligent mechatronics can simulate human intelligence, to determine with some degree of reasoning, logical thinking and independent decision-making ability, thereby replacing part of the human mental manufacturing engineering.

(B systematic

One of the performance characteristics of a systematic system architecture and model for further adoption of open structure of the bus. The system can be flexibly configured to carry out any cut and mix, while seeking to achieve coordinated control of multiple subsystems and integrated management. Expressional characteristics The second is greatly enhanced communication capabilities, the general means of communication commonly used in addition to RS232, etc. In addition, remote and multi-system networking needs of local network communications are gradually being adopted. the future of mechatronics products and people pay more attention to the relationship, how to give mechanical and electrical Yi Tihua products to human intelligence, emotion, humanity has become increasingly important. mechatronic product also good according to some organisms, a new structure of the body, so that toward the bio-systematic direction.


(C miniaturization

Highly integrated micro-mechatronic system of micro-mechanical technology, microelectronics and software technology, mechanical and electrical integration of a new development direction. Abroad, said MEMS geometry is generally not more than 1cm3, and positive micro, nano stage direction. mechatronic systems as micro-small size, low energy consumption, exercise and flexible, and can be integrated into a machine can not enter the space and easy to fine operation, it is in the biomedical, aerospace, information technology, industrial and agricultural and even national defense and other fields, have broad application prospects. At present, semiconductor device manufacturing process using the etching technique, have been manufactured in the laboratory sub-micron mechanical components.


(D modular

Modular mechatronic products is a trend, is an important and difficult project. As mechatronics range of product categories and manufacturers, Research and development with a standard mechanical interface, electrical interface, power interface, the mechanical and electrical interfaces of information integrated product unit is a complex and important matter, it needs to formulate a set of standards for various components, modules and interface matching. mechatronic product manufacturers can use standard cells quickly develop new products, but can also expand scale of production.


(E Network

The rapid development of network technology have a significant impact on the mechanical and electrical integration, to develop in the direction toward the network. Mechatronics many different types of network-oriented in different ways. As the popularity of networks, network-based remote control of various and monitoring technology in the ascendant, while the remote control terminal device itself is mechatronics products.


(F
Green

Industrial material developed so that people rich and comfortable life, but also to reduction in resources, serious pollution of ecological environment, so the green products have emerged. Green is the trend of the times, the goal is to make products from the design, manufacture, packaging, transport use to scrap the entire life cycle, no harm to the environment or harm is extremely small, resource utilization is very high. mechatronics green products do not use it mainly refers to environmental pollution, end of life can be recycled. Green manufacturing is a model of sustainable development of modern manufacturing.


In summary, mechanical and electrical integration technology is the crystallization of many scientific and technological development, the development of social productive forces to a certain stage requirements. It promotes the strategic changes occurring machinery Industry, the traditional concepts of mechanical design methods and design revolution taking place of change. to develop a new generation of integrated mechanical and electrical products, machinery and equipment is not only the requirements of the transformation of traditional, but also to promote the upgrading of mechanical products and open up new areas of development and the only way to revitalize the machinery Industry.


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