On the formation of recycling society in Japan and improve the learning

Abstract: In recent years, China attaches importance to the energy-saving Environmental Protection, sustainable development is proposed recycling economy road. To learn the advanced countries on environmental legislation is necessary. Japan, according to recycling Law, continues to advance renewable technologies, and promote effective use of recycling resources, reduce the waste emissions. but it is to expand production and produce large amounts of waste recycling form the premise of expanding, in addition, in order to reduce the regeneration cost and the second environmental pollution, the waste output abroad. This Article from the cycle of aspects of Japanese society in the form of contradiction is resolved, and a warning for the establishment of the cycle suitable for China's economic and social system recommendations.

Paper Keywords: recycling Law Society loop recycling of waste resources, transboundary pollution environment protection and energy output
Now the world faces environmental damage, shortage of resources such as human health is endangered, because of the industrial economy based approach to development which led to the results. That "recycling economy", "sustainable society" and "saving society "philosophy, from legislation to implementation, requiring the source from the beginning to the consumption of the whole production process should be to reduce resource consumption, protect the environment for the purpose of social and economic system has gradually increased in many countries of statecraft. Sixteenth PArty Third Plenary proposed a "people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of the scientific concept of development", but the current cycle of economic and social construction in China is still in the early stages, the corresponding legal system, Laws and regulations is not perfect, not perfect. from advanced countries in this On the one hand the policy and theory, the experience of the legal system is very important. some people in Japan to the recycling of a recycling society highly. the author of a recycling society in Japan to promote the formation of the Law, a reflection of society, and social systems have introduction and analysis of the contradictions. recommended the construction of the recycling process of economic and social warning, so that the establishment of sustainable economic and social development of detours.

A recycling society in Japan to promote the formation of Law
Discharge of industrial waste in Japan is about 400 million t, the average annual discharge volume of general waste has reached more than 50 million t, and an annual 3% to 4% of the rate of growth, which is the waste containers are 6o% Packaging ..., such as: PET beverage containers, foam food tray, beer cans and so on. In the process of dealing with these wastes will produce two ah Britain, water salinization factors other harmful substances, waste landfills, waste treatment facilities environmental pollution caused by construction, often conflicts with the surrounding inhabitants. to solve the problem a lot of waste, we must change "run out throw" concept of consumption, the potential use of waste resources re-use value, the regeneration recycle them use, it has become an important Research subject countries have In 1995 April, Japan's national Parliament enacted <<Packaging Recycling Law ">, which is based in Germany in 1991, the implementation of the <<packaging waste avoidance decree>> developed for the template. It provides the city of township self-government bodies, consumers, business and other responsibilities that should be undertaken to loop recycling tasks and responsibilities. total, including three main elements:
�� is a useful resources to strengthen the Recycling of waste as a countermeasure, �� is to increase the service life of products to save resources, �� is to promote the recycling of components and other products in the re-use, control of waste for the purpose of the environmental occurrence of the new law. According to the regulations, stArting from April 1997, glass containers and PET beverage containers were recycled objects into after April .2000 paper containers, other plastic containers were also set for a recovery of objects.

After the publication of the regulations, the general waste to fuel, non-combustible materials, resources, recycling of waste, respectively, in cities and towns self-government bodies is increasing. Such as recycled PET containers from the local government increased in 1997 to 631 in 2006, 1752, accounting for 95.9% of township number. then, in the "<Container Packaging Recycling Law"> basis, in June 2000 issued a <<Recycle Society to promote the Basic Law>>. regulations that "recycling community "means: inhibited waste products occurs in products such as into a cycle of resources, to promote the proper recycling of the right, the resources can not be recycled the right way to ensure proper processing. It inhibited the consumption of natural resources, reduce the load on the environment as a principle. The law first proposed: �� suppression occurred, �� re-use, �� recycling, �� heat recovery, �� properly dispose of and handle properly the "priority." expressly provided for in pArticular << extended producer responsibility (% PR)>> (ExtendedProducerRe �� sponsibility).

To promote law-based society in the loop structure, the April 2001, Japan implemented a <<Home Appliance Recycling Law ">, require large home appliances (TV sets, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, etc.) the manufacture and sale of enterprises, obligations to be the Recycling of waste home appliances, consumer appliances in the treatment of waste, it is necessary or selling stores to each local government to pay back charges. until 2006, about 86% of waste household appliances air-conditioning, 77% of the TV, 7l% refrigerators, washing machines 79% were recycled. Then has also issued a Food Recycling Law, Construction Recycling Law, automobile recycling law. in the implementation of various recycling methods, the recycling of waste recycling has been been widely promoted in all sectors, in local government and the public assistance resources have a high degree of recycling of waste. can be said that resource recycling system has been deep into the lives of Japanese citizens.

Circular formation of economic and social system, promoting the development of recycling technologies, universal, different industries, exchange and cooperation between enterprises continued to increase. For example, the recovery to the PET beverage containers, recycling processing into clothing fibers, plastic floor, or other products have been well known. recently used beverage containers for chemical break down into Terefutaru acid, and then made into new beverage containers. This technique can achieve processing 90,000 t of beverage containers of waste capacity. business from production to all aspects of recycling and reuse of resources for the recycling efforts.


2 to a recycling society in Japan for the implementation of recycling problems and contradictions in the
High technology and effective use of renewable waste resources, but <<Packaging Recycling Law "> in Japan has already implemented a 10a, a large number of container packaging waste problem is still not effectively controlled. And Germany in the" <packaging waste avoidance decree >> implemented, effectively suppress the emission of waste containers, disposable containers of the total 2004 sales of less than one percent. Why is there not the same effect? ​​I believe that the main reasons are the following.

(1) strict administrative regulations in Germany, perfect management, administrative supervision and strict, extended producer responsibility was made clear after the execution of the ceremony will be good effect. And the Japanese legal ambiguity, lax enforcement of the obligations of those who for the lack of rigid binding.

(2) Japan's recycling economy in order to build a new recycling system for the purpose of industrial society, will focus on recycling utilization. While the re-use resources to improve on a breakthrough technology, but can only be a temporary solution recycling system is not a cure means.

We know that products or long-term durability of materials is control of waste discharges one of the most effective way. But the Recycling Society in Japan to promote the implementation of the measures taken by law are mostly in the form of recycling. Business as long as the commercialization of commission fees to pay again , will be able to expand production large sheet of momentum, a large amount of economic production in the form of circular Feiqi Wu but recognized by the society. to multiple use of glass containers, for example, Xijing before use of generally up to 30 to 40 times more for for milk, beverages, alcohol and so forth. The study pointed out that Japan's repeated use of the container if the whole into a bottle, then, CO can reduce the annual emission of 78 million t, SO can be reduced 4 percent, NO can be reduced 5 percent, discharge of solid waste can be reduced by 9 percent (in the village of show times). However, the enterprises in order to meet consumer demand for "convenience" of the pursuit, and by the U.S. consumer life and culture, promote the sale of the container as a means of packaging, but commonly used in disposable containers instead of using the bottle several times. In addition, repeated use in Japan, the manufacture and sale of bottles of industry profit margins, to bear responsibility for their own recovery process, the handling, storage burden on to the operators. and Packaging Recycling Law after the introduction, PET containers and other waste collection, transportation, classification, management of all responsibility by the local government, with the tax expense. In contrast, production, use disposable containers are much higher than the added value generated by repeated use bottles, more contribute to a number of disposable containers with bottles of the market shift.

Indeed, one of Japan's recovery of PET beverage containers has been improving, by 2007 nearly 70%. However, the increase means the amount of waste recycled has also been increasing. Production and sales are to promote production and consumption, to comply with waste material recycling obligations on the grounds that the Japanese government eased the restrictions would have been a container packaging specifications, materials, specifications continue to market a variety of containers, the actual recycle just a pArt of. containers and packaging recycling law to become producers to expand revenue, And hide their stained umbrella.

(3) not only failed to reduce packaging waste containers reasons for the increase but also because there are a variety of waste treatment and recycling business revitalization requires a lot of waste to be maintained.

Typically, waste disposal and more with 3 ways. �� waste is to be crushed into small pieces, do not change its chemical properties, low temperature and then dissolved in the other products made of recycled materials, handling, �� is a plastic container into the waste produced by the boiler high-temperature combustion of chemical treatment to help, �� with the general waste burning, the use of thermal power generation, energy use patterns, or heating. These waste treatment facilities are 24h high-capacity connections, need to continue to provide waste to ensure operation.

<<Container Packaging Recycling Law "> after the implementation of a large number of high temperature and pressure in order to deal with the recycling of waste for the purpose of a new industry, get the name of saving and Environmental Protection, and with the increase of waste and recycling economy and society continue to produce its own requirements. one hand, it created a huge demand and supply market and employment size, on the other hand, has also created a large network of recycling economy. However, the new industrial recycling needs to continue to provide large amounts of waste to survive. Objectively speaking, Japan recycling society marching method is to improve the recycling technology to improve the capacity of waste volume, thereby increasing production, consumption, social way to increase business interests, it becomes commercial waste snatch war. For this social form, many sociologists point out that: waste recycling industry, although the delay added to the ecological environment of the speed of the load, but did not reduce the load itself. and waste recycling in the production of consumption of energy and emit the same does not change the nature of heat. reposted elsewhere Free Download Center http://www.hi138.com paper also proved that a recycling-based society to promote the imperfect method resulted in serious consequences. Japan agreed under the Kyoto Protocol, the first target is from 2008 to 2012 So far, the greenhouse gas emissions should be higher than the base year 1990, reduction of 6%. But in fact, in 2006, l3 billion in greenhouse gas emissions by 40 million t (converted to carbon dioxide), an increase of 6.2 over the base year %. This being the amount of carbon dioxide increased by 12% discharge is the main reason.

(4) the wrong way can lead to false propaganda consumer behavior. For example, the community public service announcement to collect 400 (1kg) PET beverage container lid can be sold to manufacturers for recycling 10 yen donation to the NPO, JCV for sick children in third world countries to finance immunization. This appears to be a useful activity, but the collection of 400 cover means that consumption, an increase of 400 containers of waste, but if saving a bottle of drink 140 yen , the total donated 56,000 yen, then, can help more poor children. can be said that the publicity this is a cart before the horse, that waste is recycled, it has brought about the pollution problems have been concealed, resources infinite loop is still consumed in fact be forgotten. social transformation method for the waste recycling industry, the firm expanded to some extent used to throw, mass consumption society, thus making the environment worse.

3 transboundary waste
Recycling of waste material after processing in developing countries continue to cross-border approach is to promote Japan's recycling law, another ceremony will be the problem. Promote the recycling of resources to expand the output of the background is as follows: �� the legal system in the waste recycling regulations The provision, increasing the recycling of waste resources. autonomous body for the classification of resources to manage these cycles, appear substantial fiscal deficit, so part of the township withdraw from the statutory recycling means, sold through brokers to earn income from overseas, to fill the shortage of finance. �� the cycle of domestic resources used up, so there are a lot of resources to the output for the purpose of recycling economy, the production site from Japan to China and other developing countries. �� China and other rapidly developing economies growth, production, consumption expanding output of goods is also expanding. only domestic resources can not meet production needs, we must input a large number of foreign resources to supplement cycle.

Trace the source of waste output must also be mentioned that in Japan <"On the waste disposal and cleaning legal>>. This law enacted in May 2001, proposed Article X: If the equipment and technology in Japan can not be correct and appropriate output processing waste can be processed. but even the technologically advanced countries like Japan can not handle the waste, the output to a technology developed to developing countries, how could be properly handled?
Other than to remove scrap, Japan is the recycling of resources (waste) of the major exporting countries. Need to be vigilant, they are mainly exported to China. For example, scrap metal export to South Korea and China, copper output to China, waste paper export to China and Taiwan, the waste plastics exported to China and Hong Kong and so on. What happened in a lot of violation of (the International Basel Convention), the output of hazardous materials incidents, as shown .2004 output to Qingdao mixed with plastic fragments found in garbage After the input of waste plastics were embargo. So Japan output to the increasing number of Hong Kong, Hong Kong as a transit point, and then exported to China, the number constantly increasing.


The input of the recycling or waste recycling is how to conduct it? I had some circulation in 2007 on the domestic utilization of renewable sources were investigated. First, the general number of individuals from the waste recycling business acquisition selected stations were purchased scrap, grinding, and then reproduce the technology, quality, Environmental Protection, less demanding products to sell. These plant facilities, equipment and more very primitive, poor working conditions of workers, and more hand work industry, air and environmental pollution and no protective measures. Second, the National Environmental Protection Agency finds that the waste recycling industry development zones are: multi-region formed by foreign or joint ventures, recycling of resources is all the waste from domestic or from abroad, foreign Enter the incoming waste, and recycling of their own resources to the poor quality of the grounds are not acceptable. renewable industrial area of ​​the plant and equipment is relatively good, the processing volume is high, but more according to the requirements of buyers reproduction, regeneration rate was not high. can not take advantage of the waste and sold to local recyclers in individual, make a profit. In general, these resources waste recycling companies in the technology was not advanced cases, waste water, residue and no are correct and appropriate treatment, the second reproduction process to the workers and the surrounding environment pollution brought serious harm to the same. These recycling companies, although the reputation as green business, but the actual rate of 58.2% waste disposal, no treatment rate of only 20% damage.

The hazards of environmental pollution on human can not be ignored. In the last century 50's to 60's high economic growth period in Japan, but does not attach importance to the environment and suffered Minamata Disease, Yokkaichi asthma, Itai-itai disease and other pollution problems. All Society launched a campaign against pollution, making the autonomous body with innovation, countries have also developed a stringent environmental policies and regulations. Japan's pollution problem has been a strong improvement. but the 70s of last century, some in Japan have been ordered to suspend the enterprises, driven by the interests of their production to developing countries such as Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, bringing the same to the local pollution problem. For example, there had been enough to poison the event of tailings produced Furukawa Electric and Itai-itai disease Mitsui metal clubs, transfer to the Philippines Pasa Lu region, because of refined copper in the water and air pollution caused by local pollution. in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand pollution incident has occurred. even after 1 / 2 a century, pollution disease still afflict the pain of the victims.

Japan and other advanced countries for its own economic interests, in order to establish their own environment, the so-called advanced countries of the image, the transfer of pollution to other States of the phenomenon of cross-border environmental damage can be said that the cycle of activities and resource plundering.

4 China's economic and social construction in the loop should be noted that several issues
Japan to promote a recycling society in the implementation of law, continue to improve recycling technology, safety, handling of waste on a large number of achievements worthy of study in China. But the cycle of economic and social sustainable development, construction, management should focus on how strictly decreasing from the production of waste at source material production and emissions, rather than producing large amounts of waste emissions and then try to Recycling.

China can not follow suit and pursue interests first, followed by the social form of Environmental Protection. Meanwhile, the domestic resource recycling in the recycling system, management, technology is not yet perfect circumstances, to foreign countries continue to enter the waste of resources in, not only can not correctly proper handling and use, it will affect and hinder the country's recovery and recycling of waste in order so that domestic environmental problems become more serious. We can not allow their country to be known as "the world's garbage collection and processing field." Although the demanding environmental standards to a certain extent, to suppress a certain period of economic growth, but in the process of building a circular economy and society, rule of law in the strict environmental conditions by the company is a technical power, has good potential for survival and development enterprise. This is in line market economy and can help promote social progress. in the overall economics, environmental studies, sociology and other three areas with a comprehensive sense.

Recently, the Copenhagen climate change conference, Wen also expressed China will actively develop a low carbon economy and society. To this end, companies that improve the exhaust gas, waste water, waste discharges do their duty. Our citizens should review their lifestyle and consumer behavior. Each of us can pay attention to whether their actions would cause environmental pollution, can affect the mode of operation and production activities. to "pity: 'consciousness to eliminate excessive waste, energy abatement to be truly sustainable the development of society. Links to Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com