Yan Fu's family of Ethics and Its Significance

Paper Keywords: Fu; family Ethics; enthusiasm; conservative; modern sense
Abstract: Yan Fu is a famous modern Chinese bourgeois Enlightenment thinkers. His theory of evolution as a guide, mix of Chinese and Western, ancient forms and different family Ethics. He advocated freedom of marriage, gender equality, promotion of filial respect long, Ci Aizai women emphasis on blood kinship and family Education. his family Ethics has both open new features, but also marked by deep scar traditional feudal Ethics. critically inherited this idea in favor of socialism with Chinese characteristics, promote the construction of family values.

Yan is a famous modern Chinese bourgeois Enlightenment thinkers. In China is in a poor and weak, suffered by the world powers of national peril moment, Yan Fu translated by lectures and other forms of Western literature and to promote democracy, science and evolutionary thinking, and actively advocate reform Reform, criticized the decadent feudal and backward, in order to reform and strengthen the country the Chinese nation, patriotic intellectuals reflects a strong national sense of responsibility. Ethics of his family in this time of change also reflects the characteristics of both a criticism of the Enlightenment and open new features, but also left a deep imprint of feudal thinking.

First, the general, his family ethics is built based on the comparison of Chinese and Western compatible with modern thought-based. In particular, his family can be the positive aspects of ethics are summarized below.

(A) to promote the freedom of marriage
First of all, Yan Fu advocate monogamy. He said: "The piece together the system so the most good and, in its most will be family Education therefore, it is my country the system of polygamy, often for the new scientists of the deep dirt." Criticism of China was the rich and the nobility of polygamy. Secondly, against early marriage, late marriage advocates. He to bear, such as a letter of pure said: "My Country and the former, the patriarchal society so, on communication between men and women so different from Western nations, he had early marriage of customs, and Mo Liu, or to the disease state, then those who are sincere. "backward to early marriage that led to the high country, although that is hyperbole, or that do not recognize the State of Yan Fu's the real reason behind is that the feudal economy and the feudal autocratic monarchy political system, but he did point out the dangers of early marriage. And, Fu also talked about the reasons against early marriage. "I do not know why the parent male and female as the mother did not know why, although children as poultry calf ear." considered to be more appropriate age of marriage for men and women aged twenty three. Once again, Fu Manchu marriage advocates. He recognized that full and Han nationality has its own advantages, you can marry each other. If we continue to implement Manchu marriage ban, then full of the most disadvantaged people. Finally, Fu portal against the feudal concept of marriage. He said: "So the married woman, whether re-married women, regardless of financial fixed." visible, Yan Fu in their children's marriage is not a traditional married, too poor love rich ideas. It is common for upper-class "political marriage" and "economic alliance" is a big challenge. In addition, Yan Fu also advocated self-marriage. He said: "The faint married things, to use the freedom to make their own choice of . "This is several thousand years of" parental consent, media burning words, "the marriage patterns of treason, with the Enlightenment sense. Fu also recognized the economic independence of young people own the important role of marriage. He said:" Very and the homes of more than his grandfather Donald, food tax rental outer clothing, no sensationalism enough to self-preservation. so the day free to marry, not wait for their parents or, Yong there when peace? yung there when peace? "
(B) of the feminist, advocating women's liberation movement
Yan described the image of a deep feudal society, the tragedy of women's oppression. He said: "The suppression of women, to be the slaves to prevent the thieves, responsibilities of the saints." Indictment of the feudal hierarchical system on women cruel persecution, and that women's foot binding and opium on the financial resources of the Chinese Customs in harming the deepest two things. He believes that the concept of male superiority is artificial, not natural form. "Chinese woman, each less than men, non-the-day less, one less than people. "He also pointed out that the way to self-reliance of women." banned foot binding, set school solid men, and then burning the media the same way, buy a concubine of the cases are not eliminated, then the day that women still no self-reliance. " And, he stressed the importance of reading and participating in social practice the important role of women's liberation. "lid reading who read the ancients the world; see the world, that is reading the book of modern people." Fu that is conducive to national prosperity, self-reliance of women. "Therefore, The women in the country self-reliance, for the deep root of national policy. "This recognition can be described as very far-sighted. Fu not only pointed out the inequalities between men and women, women's oppression and bondage, but also recognize that economic inequality, women's economic is the root cause can not be independent. He said: "China woman, but also things saith to the people, in addition to Forest City, outside, no art of making money." Women are economically dependent on men, then they are in person, personality, etc. can not be truly independent, must be at the attachment and the status of being dominated. This view is quite profound. So women in labor, access to economic income will not only help women's liberation, but also help reduce the financial burden on families. He said: "A No person sat eating, the mid-and low light. "He also from an economic point of view of his hometown 30 years ago, the prevailing winds of female infanticide, and cried out:" Alas! love of flesh and blood, who is also the noblest of humanity, and mixed with private, the soul to the sincerity, not as animals, can not awaken then yeah? "visible, Yan has stressed that the child of love, on the other hand against the preference for boys, girls should be the same as boys by their parents love and care. more commendable is that Yan Fu also earlier recognized the importance of women's political participation. He said: "My Country the past decade, men and women equal rights before the said Baptist hypothetical free marriage carry, as women's suffrage now carry the word , This is is not, the philosophy at home not dare to conclusions, but in fact the experiments, scientific Research, there may be speaker, give the more I and the gentlemen. "Finally, Fu that the status of women improve the economic and personal independence consistent with the law of social evolution. "marriage of both men and women made the evolution of women's status is also on the social evolution by Ke Deer statement."
(C) promote long filial respect, Ci Aizi women, attention to family and his son
He said: "filial respect long solid men, but not so fashionable person Kui, disheartened by the children of well-developed." Yan Fu's tutor re-thinking of "filial piety." Zhu Mingli in the letter he wrote to his wife at home book, said: " Samantabhadra is the word condolences to his mother refused, the child is also true filial piety. "funeral in a letter to his daughter and Yan Yan absurd praise them to the letter written Diligence, to encourage them to write to him often. Thus, Yan Fu and the great emphasis on communication and understanding between children, family-oriented training. He not only loved her own children, and other younger relatives love and affection. This is from his niece wrote a letter any thread can be seen in Portland. "I the days of old, thy sister is only one person out of, it is more love and affection in Rushen, compared with children had no Johnson. my nephew when the body of this good intention, to comfort the old man, honestly! "In addition, Yan Fu also taught children to support parents to enable parents a sense of security, the old and be happy, be successful children, parents proud. Although the world evolution, progress, but "Filial Piety" can not be discarded. "So the World Evolution, though extremely bizarre, The lack of filial piety, has not been kind, negative Jun, selling all friends of the men is nonsense, is finally reproduced will not be tolerated, people were sick of God, this is middle age, who have BES. "Fu that the child" filial piety ', not one-sided He also spoke highly of the great mother kindly. "mother of the child also, young LAB-shirt, if it forget its body, the mother is also suffering and the child happy. to properly find the mother and the pain that music, but not hard it is . "
(D) sets out the principles of brothers and sisters together, requires attention to children between the sister family to
First of all, brothers and sisters to care, love siblings. In a letter addressed to the second daughter Yan absurd, he said: "Science has pretty well little brother? Not cry loud whether to eat? Yu is the sister, be subject to pain him, he naturally different you are naughty. "Second, the eldest son of a general authority of the strict father, siblings should be respected elder brother. He had this to say:" When my son to know, superstition is a small matter, and I thinkers, there is brother to younger brother hurt feelings , but it is a great relationship. saying goes: 'Sister brother father for the mother'; Yun: 'Father has son, said the Governor said house', the status of Big Brother in the attitude to life, more than for Rufu, are based on Dimu death, Buddha called Ru do it, do not believe in religion Ru edge, or his opinion, although not exposed Yu of color, both unnecessary language, to make big brother hurt, does that mean damn? Big Brother itself, but is also wrong with, because he immediately see Rucao so, they should call to the front, a solid lesson about it, Pimian cursed, is the Governor valid reason to do at home. And is not made of tolerance, blood being too sophisticated so, is also substandard. "Yan emphasized here brother authority is based on the family based on mutual love, is different from the feudal patriarchal social entropy primogeniture the eldest son in the share owned by the position of authority and Domination. In addition, Yan Fu also emphasizes aunts buried in the marriage relationship, a long Sao should be virtuous, generous, play an exemplary role. "people are small, there is reason Chan has aunts, and even-law, provided live, there are untold, only those lines beginning with loving, generous person, always will be selfish and fight for the heart have the heart to remove, and then see the service of others, not each other down. "
(E) emphasis on Education, and promote the scientific concept of fertility
He talked about the traditional Chinese concept of fertility, said: "it is most eager to Mok Bong health, Education, children and grandchildren followed .-" shows that the Chinese people attach importance to the traditional concept of growth, but does not value Education. Fu that parents When using the "good "to educate the children." This still means the metaphor refers to a non-Zhuang, non-Ma Yu Ma, and Qi Huan Yi Yun Chung Shan Culture and Education I have not taught me that if poor. Its features, and the world when their parents knowing it. " Yan Fu also recognized that education is to improve women's status and improve women's lives, to solve the problem of women is an effective way. He said: "Regardless of (it) female education, the witch is not no one said Princess (with) dual relationship, the 2nd genetic relationship, and the last is a living relationship. "Fu advocated eugenics, genetics and the theory of evolution with eugenics to explain the truth, hoping to improve the quality of people. He said:" The matter of diet regimen, detailed in Medicine, Japan to fine the trial, this being to not only the facilities of the men had also, as well as women Yi Mo is not. cover home health then fat children, while the species is its innate Culture into people. "Moreover, Yan also from an economic point of view of the Chinese people is only concerned the number of births, without attention to the quality of birth. "Sheshi wife of a man, have children of four or five people, and lack of self-sufficiency in food to be one of Yang men, the children were born, eating coarse disadvantages, living foul evil, education Shiyi, the growth of the disease among anxiety, the body will be weak, and its wisdom will faint, grow in future, there is always Shiyu without long and short term, but also did not dare to marry Wu Wu. so absurd spread, on behalf of the re-generation. Although the number of aborted halfway through very much, then the number of death, will be less than the number born. "shows that the low quality of economic growth has been poverty and the vicious cycle of conflict into the situation reveals the extreme poverty and people of China the awakening of awareness of social reality.

(F) Ethics of the West should take a cautious approach, advocated the absorption of a choice
He said: "Mo is probably not in the Western Asian countries carry piece together, and free to marry apart from suffering is not exhaustive and interesting. Couple Road suffering from the disadvantages that grow wherever the two, one said do not do weddings, one said, light for the divorce. "visible Fu seen freedom of marriage in Western society some of the negative impact of divorce, celibacy and easily take a negative attitude. In addition, blind faith, the enchantment of the adverse social Fu European and criticized. of traditional Chinese Family Ethics in the merit positive attitude Yan, promoting inheritance. and focus only on the senses of sensual love, marriage irresponsible criticism. He said that: "they see something of the customs, pass off more than busy by a resentment Kuang are numerous, and his wife also suffered way, I do not know the Chinese for thousands of years, respect privet, men marry between the old law is the name of weight, so the order of worship is, what the Second Degree, and Yansi continued. but with modern people meaning, the house suits the carnal love, Qiang deposit no purpose, being both now ask, what method is close to animals, the ancient ritual will be surprised to know however, the proposal can not carry light. "
Second, positive, and any other great thinker as possible beyond the limitations of the times, in the late 19th and early 20th century China, the traditional family ethics still dominant, together with Yan learned from childhood, classics, popular Confucianism influence, so his family has a conservation ethics and critical and incomplete features. manifested in the following aspects.

(A) of the women's social status and the existence of one-sided understanding of the role of the Department
Such as Yan Fu believes that man is the obligation of his wife: "take care of the home gateway, beam to teach children, wives who do duty system, not a last resort do not go out too often." People in his view, this new virtue is gone. "Chengxian who teach future generations as the first portal to justice, the virtue of this, How can it be new characters in the rectifiable? - "He also believes that" women in the world but the most difficult. "and Confucius," but women's support is also difficult with the villain, "achieve the same essence. and he realized that because of physiological differences between men and women, so the division of labor is different. "Therefore, women with life and life is the bounden duty, and its power to energy storage is more; and the power of man found in Utility, solid and more effective implementation. "that the woman's duty is the birth of women's participation in social reform and transform the role of natural activity in the lack of knowledge. Zedong once said:" Women hold up half. "Obviously, Yan can not see this.

(B) view on love and marriage despite major breakthrough compared with the previous, but still affected by the traditional
In his later years by the <<Reading when the active promotion of>> speech to advocate Lung ancient cultivation, discipline unchanged. He said: "governance system change, but discipline is the same, this of China, has become the so-called republic, but Long Gu enlightenment, the so-called Jun Yan Chen Zhong, Fucizixiao, Judith Dear brother, husband wife Chen Yi, to the letter all people into training, then Qi can be violated, and has his Road from? - "He added:" Today I States the so-called women's rights, is nothing more than struggle for power with men. both power struggle with men, then have to be too intellectual, too intellectual, then the women will decline. Women of the decline was not his, one said, do not marry, and the 2nd childlessness, the European the United States has been in something. "feminism just as the power struggle with men, reflecting the ambivalence Yan. feminist liberation movement mainly refers to women from the sexist, discrimination, oppression and irrational social system freed . and do not do weddings, childlessness is not necessarily linked. Fu in the treatment of marital problems of their children, this conservative psychology has been particularly evident. He said: "I custom ordered to by their parents, arranged. "For Los sheng together with his daughter first, to see whether the fall in love with each other and then decide whether the marriage. Fu replied:" Notice to can not. "And the young men and women freely and privately for the exodus of marriage as a great sin. He said: "so weak its business people, men and Bing Yi Cheng, women keep the clean, and to send Yi to escape marriage, Jieda crimes carry on."
(C) the tutor there is some thought the contents of the secular
Yan Yu, as he taught his eldest son, said: "May it made my son a father, will change the meter. Wufei Wang Yu-Mei Shi, O folk, then do not want my son are also quite popular as a pointless piece." Asked her son not to like pity he did was unnecessary and vulgar, the community should adopt a more realistic attitude. This is far as education is concerned the family and beyond reproach, but in view of China is in dire straits at that time, the vigorous Development of the revolutionary situation in terms of social reality, the secular and conservative side is clearly visible. reposted elsewhere in the Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com (d) has failed to recognize the feudal autocratic system of women's liberation, marital autonomy, the role of women in bondage independent personality
Through analysis of his works during his lifetime and his letters to family and friends, you can see that he recognizes the economic backwardness and underDevelopment of education for social decay, the reason the people of low quality. Advocates the improvement of education saving the nation to go the road, rather than revolutionary manner from root of the problem. This is the weakness of the bourgeoisie and the compromise in its embodiment of intellectual thought. If he in the "<to be the emperor of the book>> said:" His Majesty and the minister to know the reason why more than humility patrol, and finally Reform can not bear those words, with emphasis on children of light to the motherland, it is also the parent of the Road. The filial piety of the Long Cheng Majesty can not, and the Sidley also. However, Chen Yu stolen by that [is] too carry on. "Although to some extent Change the law on the requirements of ancestors, but involves the fundamental political system of feudalism, "ancestors, the father of the Road" has taken a give-way. hope top-down reform movement, which has been proved to be a history nowhere road.

Yan Fu above sketched out the pros and cons of family ethics. It is clear that he thought both positive and exploration, in order to change, break xxx conventions on the merits, there are relatively conservative, cautious contradiction characteristics. This not only rooted in the limitations of the times, but also rooted in class position of the narrow-mindedness. This is a great thinker of any and scholars are not demanding. Fu, after all, and left behind a precious legacy of family ethics, which is no doubt . We have to combine the social reality of today, both bold and absorb the contents of an active, rational, and the courage to criticize one of the remnants of feudal, ethnic characteristics of the socialist construction of family virtue.

(A) of the Fu family ethics, and promote family-oriented, "filial piety" Road, is conducive to maintaining family harmony and social stability
According to reports, the current pace of population aging in China to further accelerate In 2009, the national elderly population aged 60 and over reached 167 million total population 12.5%. Compared with the previous year, 7.25 million increase in the elderly population, elderly increase in the proportion of population 0.5 percentage points. At the same time, further increasing the degree of aging, 10 years, China's elderly population has nearly doubled In 2009, the population aged over 80 years up to 2000 million. in our aging population and the constant increase of aging today, promoting the "filial piety" Road with immediate practical significance. the family as a personal life, rest and entertainment sites on fierce competition and rapid changes in the state of contemporary people who have a special significance. a harmonious and peaceful, filled with family, happy family atmosphere conducive to the elimination of people's fatigue and the tremendous work pressure. Of course, good family relations are not only carefully all family members need training and attentive care, but also a strong sense of responsibility and high common goal can be maintained. children of parental care and filial affection is an indispensable part of Culture, but also help create a good social climate, and promote social stability and harmonious Development. the real world does not exist in some young people aged does not respect the behavior, not only for family abuses and injuries, and poisoned the social atmosphere.

(B) that deal with love and marriage Yan should hold a serious, serious attitude, is worth learning
Classical German philosopher Hegel once said: "love, there is indeed a noble quality, as it not only stay in character, but showing a rich noble in itself a beautiful mind, requires a lively, courage and sacrifice another person to the spirit and unity. "Love is both a sacred and noble, but also immaculate. It should be the only basis for marriage, about love and marriage to take serious, serious attitude, especially essential. should be said that most of today young people who love and marriage is a serious and prudent manner, but there are some young people love and marriage take an irresponsible attitude, only at immediate fresh, contrary to the love of the mind. such are more popular among college students, "just to have has, not for ever and ever "point of view, and even some people as a fashionable pursuit of love to his girlfriend with her boyfriend as a decoration, like a necklace around his neck, has become the capital to show off, the lack of rational thinking. As some scholars that love and marriage, though not the only goal in life, but it is an important part of life. It has a rich cultural connotation and extension of life, spiritual life directly affect young people's social and individual quality of freeze-frame. Therefore, young people in the marriage one thinks life is not limited, it should be further thought of love by acts of love to enhance their own conscious and scientific, thereby eliminating the spontaneous and blindness.

(C) Yan Fu rejected the one-sided understanding of the social status of women, promote gender equality, women's, children's legitimate rights and interests
Yan Fu in the understanding of the social status of women there is a certain one-sidedness, but he also correctly pointed out that equality does not deny the physical and mental differences between men and women, "the spirit of the husband in strength, while the woman physically, inferior to men by the number of homes , the consensus of scholars. "equality today is mainly emphasized personal independence and equal rights. Now, some units in the recruitment or make a special request or unwilling to hire workers to raise standards. because of our population and, in order to alleviate the employment pressure, Some even proposed to let women go back home. These are obviously unreasonable, undesirable, is thinking of the performance of gender inequality. In rural areas, patriarchal thinking view on fertility is still relatively common, to a boy, find out a girl during pregnancy, the use of abortion method is also often occur. Of course, the legacy of the feudal family ethics is far more than that, should attract enough attention.

(D) Yan stands for a scientific concept of fertility is conducive to the successful implementation of family planning policy to improve the quality of the population
China As a result of delayed marriage and childbearing, prenatal and postnatal care, to promote a couple only one child family planning policy, reproductive quality generally improved. However, every year there are still a large number of children are born deformed and mentally handicapped, gifted students, gifted education should be further spread the concept of . Some people still hold the idea than daughters. The future of competition must be high-quality talent competition. modern family should pay attention to the overall education of their children, for the Chinese nation to take off in the middle of this century and excellent people resources.

(E) study of traditional Chinese family ethics Yan major innovation in practice, we should persist in view of the Development and construction of modern Chinese family ethics
The history of contemporary China is in a transition period, which makes the contemporary life of Chinese families face enormous ethical and moral dilemma: was the disintegration of traditional family morality, ethics has not yet formed the modern family, after the family moral and breeding and spreading. L We can only go to actively adapt to this change, but not complacent, conservative. on family life today, the emergence of some new phenomena, such as family function to further social, abnormal and frequent movement of persons, to take the attitude of tolerance and acceptance to a conducive to family patterns, family structure and family function itself, Production and Development. Links http://www.hi138.com Research Papers Download