A discussion on the fate Nurhaci color Ethics

[Abstract] Jurchen Nurhaci as prominent political and military leaders, after the establishment of gold in the process of political power, tried created a supreme "Heaven", false emperor's human relations manager, effectively blend into the concept of destiny His ethical thinking. in dealing with the relationship between ruler and subject, that "fate of the sweat, sweat life of the minister also" in handling the relationship between father and son, that "filial piety to parents, fraternal in Zhuxiong" in dealing with marital relations , and that "women should rule the home, along her husband" in dealing with social relations, asked to be loyal to the rulers, from the good, to mutual affection between master and servant. spare no effort to deal with the fate Thought ruler and subject, father and son, relationship between husband and wife, etc., which formed a distinctive ethnic features Ethics.

[Paper Keywords] Nurhachi, Ethics, destiny
Jurchen Nurhaci as an outstanding leader, the unification of the Jurchen ministries, was established to compete with the Ming Dynasty Later Jin regime, which laid the foundation of the Qing Empire and even the unity of the country's foundation. In these major political and military activities, he Jurchen to the Ministry of unifying the people is the core idea of ​​fate ideas. He has endeavored to create a supreme "days", so Jurchen pay homage to the kingship and the divine right rolled into one. Efforts Hashemi source of red Fate Thought generalize the previous three points: First, is Nurhaci devout followers of shamanism, shamanism is the belief in God, the main god, so Nurhaci convinced of days, that day is everything the master, and second, in Defending Nurhachi under the command of a teenager, by the Han culture, accepted the thinking of the Han destiny, three out of the need to maintain its rule, to be its political authority through days of service for his protective deities. and his Ethics is the organic combination of these three, the false emperor's human relations manager. effectively blend into the ethical concept of destiny thinking.

Ethics is a people's perception of social relations, ideological core of values, and form the basis of such values ​​is that people survive the economic, political, social, historical, cultural and other social environments. Itl Nurhaci established After the gold before the Ethics Nuzhen very weak, in order to strengthen the centralization of power, stability, political order, in dealing with sovereign and subject, father and son, husband and wife relationship and other ethical issues, subject to the constraints of national history and cultural traditions, not simply by the Central Plains Han Ethics to bind the Department of the Jurchen people, but to inherit and develop the nation's traditional ethics. because the destiny of control thinking as a traditional power has been widely used in the Jurchen society, has the highest value, so Noor Huggins in order to maintain the normal order of society the original, must abide by previous habits of thought handed down or he not only can not establish their dominance and may even cause a variety of traditional forces of resistance. Therefore, the ethical Nurhaci Thought System, the full use of the Jurchen letter days of practices, to establish the relationship between all levels of society, to deal with the fate thought ruler and subject, father and son, husband and wife and other relations, which formed a distinctive ethnic features Ethics.

(A) In dealing with the relationship between ruler and subject, he proposed: "Heaven for the Khan, Khan of the minister also ordered!"

Destiny eight lunar month, Nurhachi said: "Son of Heaven to Khan, Khan, for the various sub-Baylor Minister, Minister of all the son of Baylor, the people. Son of God is the slave." He put all social classes, strata, the relationship between , attributed to "the king Chen Gang, the father for the child program," ethics, and specifically applied to the nation's social relations, and from Sincerely, thanks to evil and so to demonstrate this level of relationship. For each level should be pursued for a country criteria, Nurhachi further explained: "Khan, father of days, King did not forget to read, repairing the divine foundation, then why waste Khan Foundation is also the commitment. all Baylor minister to Khan father, King did not forget to read, do not blacken the heart of greed pregnant, do not matter for the thieves Jiangui rape to the efficiency of public loyalty, then why all the road Baylor minister also lost. the people to all Baylor minister father, King does not read forgotten, thieves can not afford to study rape rape event, not against the law degree, do the power, the scourge of how well the body too. slave to master father, King did not forget to read, not students study thieves rape rape of things, keep a servant of points, dedicated effect, then why the player is also the Death. "Thus, in theory Nurhaci to only use the idea to establish a monarchy, with the former Jurchen and down into the Liao Shen," are when the mutual love "concept has been a far cry from the.

In addition to monarch and his subjects have higher status and rank, he also proposed to the ministers were to be honest, do not betray the owner, the so-called "I heard the ancient world to the rule, Jun Ming Chen Liang, concentric Freemasonry, George heaven, Hugh, and recommended to , fruit Bingzhi Gong Cheng, good governance, the day center will add dependents can woo ... ... sincere intention of the public, the establishment of discipline, education and facilities, then the world will be cross-phase induction gods. "Nurhachu that one can lay the heart of public Prudential, the harmony of couples to each other up and down a master and servant love. If deliberately wicked ambition, incest paradox, then up and down the couple did not phase my dear master and servant, or even alienated. To such a degree, even if the ruler who do not know, but the day will know it, there will certainly Kam of the, shall die by the curse of heaven, and things that harm not only It also directly affects the interpersonal relationships. Therefore, he asked Secretary of State Baylor to be "catholic heart", "catholic deliberately." also called the general society, Aharon (slaves), are to be careful not to be the main back, if "hold evil song, Yi slow the heart, is not the sweat, and death of these ideas Nurhaci Yan, requiring slaves" have no evil, king of the road to compliance. "slave class in order to maintain the rule of .

(B) In dealing with parent-child relationship, he proposed: "filial piety to parents, Ti in Zhuxiong."

Cited by Nurhaci to educate children and grandchildren in his later years, said: "The book says: 'filial piety to parents, fraternal in Zhuxiong, those with no evil against the heart, my children and grandchildren and so the ages have been, should be so filial piety to parents, Ti in Zhuxiong , violation of filial piety in the road not the reason. level home when the law must often elderly, and those who fear the next without rendering. Sincerely, shall be under the honest, to be honest on the shirt under the shirt. "'and the injunction, said:"' The man also filial piety first, but good for the mess were. not of a well. 'I ages of children and grandchildren, when filial piety in the first, Ti in length. their rites of the land, do not lose Xiao No. respectful of the instrument ... ... I the instructions are so Thou shalt not violate I made. "strict nephew his ministers not to collect the human relations, filial piety to be from the heart, if the breach shall Huozui Yu day by day condemned. Thus, Baylor Nurhaci repeatedly warned ministers: "future generations, when the world observe filial piety of the Road can not be countered also." Including his nephew, including the fear of all of their infidelity Baylor minister has repeatedly pledged allegiance to record their days. He said: "The ruler of the heart, to Chen solid Fuji, inspiring days, when rain millet Valley Teng, Fu Ming An object is Yongbao day bit, the World Jo long, where people who could hold Jingjin heart, indiscriminately dry country music, acute public offer, filial piety force fields, then by the blessing which consist in the Chang carry on. "fate eight years (1623) Thinkers vows in July so that it:" Do not think God, who is attending the heart various Baylor Second Chi, who harbor evil intentions, God look upon, will drop all evil in the uprising of Baylor. If we can keep the Union on the day, saith the meaning of God ... ... the body is covered with days hanging of Mary, peace for generations to enjoy the music also "
Nurhaci filial kiss proposed ideas, on the one hand is the Han nationality absorption of traditional ethics and moral thinking, on the other hand after the payment is to a certain stage of social development, natural product. If the Yuan and Ming Neo-Confucian ethics is a purely "humanitarian" category, had to shave the "destiny" concept. become a conscious on knowing, then, Nurhaci filial piety is the re-thinking of the most prominent feature, please return to the "Fate" authority, which both Jurchen the traditional beliefs of Shamanism, but also of human relations management Nurhaci leave an awfully deliberate. reposted elsewhere in the Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com (c) dealing with marital relations, he proposed: " women should rule the home, along her husband "

Jurchen early marriage in the relationship, ethics is rather weak, the original form of steam is still relatively popular newspaper marriage, younger brother to marry his daughter-son married the Shumu common occurrences. The social status of women is relatively high, as men can hunting. According to <<statehood Wen Jian Lu, "reads:" A woman is not different from the male horse Zhibian relax. "" rare Xia Ri, then to the rate of wives hunting for things, cover the customs are. "However, efforts Hashemi deficit rule late, with the improvement in the level finished, the original marriage customs, especially women, the phenomenon of intervention in foreign affairs, began to attract his awareness, he realized that the Jurchen bad habits if you can not recover, it is difficult to enhance the social prestige Jurchen . Therefore, he courtier said: "to the woman who died of their home, not ring true to her husband, and intervention of foreign affairs, women are also missing the way for the men, and advised the police who have a home." requires women to shun husband, household management, do not interfere with foreign affairs, adherence to the Women.

Destiny eight years (1623) in June, the royal harem Nurhaci instructions said: "The days for the king, where the ritual music, how can the heart not the body days. However, what day the body of the heart, Morrow good move to send the good and a sense of , punish the evil to punish those who create the evil. kings in our country who have been deprecating, I have a gap in Zai Qi! But because of their disorder Tsunatsune, law can not ear. that the ruling kings, not so capricious, Seoul I made such Gou Women Current law, I am afraid Qiken vertical to defeat Tsunatsune Down? man Pijianzhirui, the dead were in the matrices, owed much to the covenant of Concentric not back, so the body martyred ear. home of the woman Haier , illegal abortion policy, how can students benefit? CHOOSE the male and active, and Haier match, how could make it subject to the Haier Down? Haier has actually Ling humiliated husband, all kinds of evil, the evil, even in the demons carry on. "words The intense, even as the women's bullying behavior of her husband's demons, is obvious. At that time, the concept of chastity is relatively weak, adultery things have occurred. Nurhaci down encyclical: If the Princess were "indiscriminate, quasi- Fat women are held idle, and will give hair lift and support of the woman. concubine give hair Fujin, then kill the guilty Fujin, and to give the concubine and her husband made cohabitation. "Fujin are on the toilet. to go with the crowd , but also hitting gavel on the light hanging in the toilet, or to the "indiscriminate" punishment.

(D) In ​​dealing with social relations, and asked to be loyal to the rulers, from the good, to mutual affection between master and servant.


How to maintain unity within the Jurchen. Enhance the cohesion of the nation, after the payment is directly related to the combat effectiveness of the regime, it proposed to deal with the Jurchen Nurhaci all levels of society relations ethics.

He asked Baylor minister to be "catholic heart", that "catholic heart, you are good enough." He also called for a "spontaneous. Baylor, and collected under the pay of men, the women carrying water", are to "hold straight good heart", remove the "evil heart of thieves." Ahmed asked the majority of society (slaves), be careful not to be the main back, if the "evil hold music, Yi slow the heart, the sweat non of, and killed Yan. "
For the next people, he asked, "Bing-zhi born", can not afford to "cunning treachery of the heart." The preaching is simply to ease social conflicts, so that people of different social status of the security of their position, their duties, the upper and lower harmony. to prevent infighting.

After the payment to ease the internal contradictions of society, he asked to mutual affection between master and servant. Destiny six years (1621) - January, Nurhachi Liaoshen the eve of the attack in the Xing Bing, after the payment of social order to ease the sharp contradiction between master and servant , the city built after the completion of Sal Hu, who love to carry out their concept of master and servant, ordered the slaughtering reward fortification Yifu, and give his own views, said: "Zhenyi The ruler of the reason no field office, so fortification to home. Jon Yin Then there are state, national governance and then a king. Baylor good then there is China, the CAS and then there Baylor. so days for the king, uh, keep it under, and under the King on it, courtesy also. As for all Baylor should love the people, the people should respect the Baylor, that is one among the main persons, should be the servant-shirt for the servants who wish to respect their owners. If the servant to Ligeng obtained for the Lord and not private, and its main product has property, but also bear his servant and nothing stingy. This is down a blind date. days Moods, human, and no carry to the poor. "Obviously, Nurhachi made on behalf of the interests of slave-owning class above preaching, to the slaves to impose" benevolent " ease the conflict. but more important is that through the master-servant "mutual love", so that ruled slaves content with the status of slavery.

In summary, the fate of his thoughts Nurhaci, such as a red line throughout his ethics in order that traditional ethics Han nationality and the concept of destiny Jurchen organically combine both effectively transform the original Vulgar Jurchen society, without losing the traditional features of the nation, not only improves the Jurchen social prestige, they have not lost their national cohesion. Even though he is his own will, through the medium of the order for the day, people "fear Mandate of Heaven "in order to achieve the objective of ruling the people of all ethnic groups, but the maintenance of the unity of the nation to win a unified victory undoubtedly played a positive role. Meanwhile, the Jurchen culture and for promoting the integration of Chinese culture also played a facilitating role. transfected affixed to the Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com