On the Chinese alphabet on the development of the DPRK do not have to

Summary of human history as a Chinese "essence", has a very long history over the past century with the dramatic changes in Chinese society, Chinese people have also been heated debate, some people advocate the abolition of Chinese characters, take the road of romanization However, some preferred character can not be abolished. In fact, Chinese characters represent not only a national language, it is more representative of a country's culture, is tantamount to repealing the interrupt character of the Chinese nation's traditional culture. Therefore, the character is hold on to their positions, or don a gorgeous coat, took to spelling of the road? This article from the Chinese characters with their own characteristics and phonetic comparison, for the superiority of Chinese characters, Chinese Han culture, and the reasons against the Chinese Characters to be analyzed and discussed in the end it is appropriate toward the Chinese phonetic development.

Keywords character; romanization, features, comparison, reason

In Chinese characters to the development of the UK

Abstract
Chinese history of mankind as the "quintessence" has a very long history, with nearly a hundred years of violent changes in Chinese society, the Chinese characters and made a fierce debate, some Chinese characters and urge the abolition of the UK, but others that cannot be abolished Chinese characters. In fact, the Chinese characters represent more than just a national language, it more representative of the culture of one country, the Chinese characters to break the traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, is held his ground and was put on a fine coat, went to the spelling of the road? The article from its own characteristics of Chinese and Chinese and phonetic comparison, the superiority of Chinese characters, the Chinese characters to the Han culture, and against the Chinese phonetic of reasons to analyze and to dealing with characters just don't fit in the uk development.

Keywords
Chinese character; alphabetization; features; compare; reason

I. History
End of 19th century to the text, there have been calls for reform issue, requiring years to achieve alphabet of .1892 Lu stupid move his chapter "Chinese Qieyin new word (summer chamber", that "words and characters Qieyin tied", which reveals the character of our open Reform of the regiment. He also pointed out that the romanization of Chinese characters to achieve, the "no teacher who can self-read the word, the word would be based on, then read in the mouth, moved for-tat in mind, and based on pictures and simple, is easy to recognize learning is also that is easy to catch the pen, the provincial costs more than a set of time, this Kwan Yin specializing in mathematics, Gezhi, chemistry and all sorts of real learning, rich and powerful country does not hang too holy "①. May Fourth Movement, the Chinese reform period into the broader Latin and produced a "Mandarin Romanization" and the "new Latin text," Wu Yuzhang, Qu and Lu Xun, who also issued a "backward characters Theory" and advocated the abolition of Chinese articles, Lu also pointed out that the "immortal characters, Death to China" ②. New China was founded in 1951, Mao Zedong pointed out that "the text should be reformed to the common alphabet to the world the direction of the text." Hanyu Pinyin was further noted that the text should be using the Latin alphabet, but also set up a Society for the Reform of Chinese characters, they were The overall specification of the Chinese reform is: first, simplified Chinese characters, the promotion of Putonghua, the development and implementation of Hanyu Pinyin, and other conditions are ripe and then transition to alphabetic writing. They also have been published <<language reform >>,<< Pinyin Report>> and other newspapers. after repeated demonstration, 1958 <<Pinyin>> formal application in the country at the same time, Simplified Chinese characters and finishing work in full swing, 1964, published <<simplified total table " , published in 1977, <"Second Chinese simplified program (Draft)" "(renamed in 1982 <<by simplified Chinese character set options>> and compiled frequently used words and common words.

80 years later, more moderate Chinese reform movement, in 1922 the State Council approved the current language on the State Language Commission notified of the request in the work said: "In the future, simplified Chinese characters should be cautious about, so that characters remain stable for the benefit of social applications." Hu Qiaomu also said: "To reform a phonetic system of Chinese characters, must have a transition period" ①. It can be seen, the reform of Chinese characters is not what you want to accomplish can be done by, this relationship must be to a country's development, subject to long-term efforts, and may not be realized. After that, Ann, Yuan Xiaoyuan, Li Minsheng, Duan et al Health and Agriculture Modernization Research was established in Beijing against the Chinese Characters, that character is mature characters, even as the world language will learn Chinese the advantages of change, and "characters behind on the" On the contrary, Ann, who advocated the "Chinese art" theory, their theory with the use of the "rehabilitated" "Reflection" and other words, Proceedings <<Chinese culture, "after the founder, has published numerous articles carry forward the Chinese culture, to oppose the Chinese towards the development of romanization.

Second, Chinese characters and Pinyin of the so-called "alphabet" and the concept is to use narrow language of the letters spelling, the letter as an official language, is a broad concept of text supporting the letter as a formal written language symbols.

"Character" symbol is the record of Chinese writing system, the ancestors of the Han people gradually in the long social practice created ②. Character is the shape, sound and meaning the combination of the three, is a highly qualitative text condensation, there is a point of view so forth, "Chinese is the most convenient occur alone, full performance of a recognition that knowledge, it is not only beyond the time constraints, but also out of space constraints, so it was a thousand years of Chinese cultural services, but also serve for each dialect. "alphabetic writing is almost the only record of the language and communication and established a text because of language particularly large regional differences, together with the original text is not fixed, features to ideographic characters greatly decreased. If to express and record in English culture, this record of the ancient culture is very negative, and, from the perspective of cultural heritage, the Chinese character itself reflects the cultural development and history. For example, Oracle are the ancestors of living according to their own needs, and then the living conditions of local inventions. Therefore, from this point of view, "phonetic" and "character" itself, the historical heritage and history, there is progressive layers significant differences.

From the point of view Chinese Characters Chinese Characters from Qieyin words, phonetic (IPA), etc. until the <<Chinese Phonetic Alphabet>> It seems every character reform step by step on the progress of alphabetic writing, but the spelling is just a tool to aid Chinese learning is the "tone and shape," the combination, while not directly form "justice." previous scholars believe that the large number of Chinese characters, complex structure, difficult to identify hard to remember, is not conducive to teaching and the dissemination of knowledge, I think this is nonsense and unfounded to say, Chinese is not as difficult as they claim, although the number of more complex structure, but each word is from the cross (a, vertical (丨, write (Pie, Na (), put (, Pack (Wan, hook (亅, points (8 strokes Dian constructed from this (also known as "forever" Eight ①. This is like the 26 phonetic language in the letters, all the elements of configuration, but once the phonetic of these elements for a replacement, the consent of Chinese characters will be upended, will give Chinese cultural heritage exchange and cause unnecessary trouble. from the actual situation of Chinese characters, Chinese characters over thousands of years of deliberation and development has become a huge word, cultural and spiritual system romanization if realized, the loss of Chinese culture will make the material basis of existence, have lost heritage through the medium of ancient and modern. from the perspective of the development of modern information field, the Chinese character occupies very important role in the beginning we know that character is a qualitative text condensation, so was able to act as a <<Oxford English Dictionary>> Main articles explore the process of erection Field "intermediary language." characters, and by the United Nations five specifications thinnest literature translated language information of a large amount of literature, input convenience, the process of development in the computer, as prominent is the superiority of Chinese concise in order to account for at least the most complete expression of the meaning of the character, which is the phonetic the uniqueness of the text can not be compared.

Third, the comparison of Chinese characters and phonetic language each side has its own unique, the following characters and compare their advantages and disadvantages of alphabetic writing, in the end to see who is better than who.

(A character's advantages, disadvantages of alphabetic writing
1. Chinese characters different degree, which will help identify the language to read Chinese characters corresponding to a sound word, a word whose appearance is a kind of form, personality is very prominent, simply agile between words, neat appearance, giving the visual impression easy to identify the distinction, help memory, easily for fast reading, read at a glance, can quickly identify and make judgments.

The phonetic alphabet is taken out from a few dozen letters arranged in parallel to form a word, but a word that is a long list, the words of different lengths, similar to line all the letters, together into one, each word that several letters are replaced over and over again tensile set composed of words and words to distinguish between the physical structure is not obvious, when reading the visual identification is difficult, and because the letter is purely a phoneme, without any contact, can not understand the memory, so Although the ease of pronunciation phonetic alphabet, but in fact difficult to remember words, letters attached to a long list of similar arrangement is also conducive to reading efficiency, for example:
Phonetic alphabet - Yì shí jiān, wǒ yòu jué dé zì jǐ bù jǐn shì zài kàn huà juàn, què yòu xiàng zài
líng líng luàn luàn fān zhe yī juàn lì shǐgǎo běn.

Chinese characters - a time, I also feel that they are not only looking at picture, but like a roll in the history of Hong random shuffle the script.

As can be seen from the above example, Chinese characters and phonetic comparison, the visual effect, clarity is a major crux of alphabetic writing.

2. Chinese term fit, word of a sound, clear sound to Chinese speech community form, the Chinese word one syllable, each syllable has no consonant clusters, vowel dominant, distinct sound world, and the Music more, clear sound loud, strong sense of language character, crisp read, there is no distinction between the burden of syllables, reading Chinese, the sound of stressing each syllable, self-assured, is not implicated in sound, rhythm steady, slow rate, even in a small volume or interfere with his sound circumstances, can differentiate very clearly. Chinese pronunciation of these characteristics, but also decided to have a special artistic Chinese poetry congenital conditions. the alphabetic writing a few letters together such a syllable, a word of several syllables, complex more than consonants, the sound world is not clear, reading the text, the tongue, turning quickly, even as a voice, involvement is unclear, changes in frequency of fast, hard to read potential readers, listeners ugly clear.

3. Communicative functions of Chinese characters is strong and stable and lasting form of Chinese characters and their meaning flesh and blood, regardless of the accuracy of pronunciation, the meaning of the word is the basic stability of the same (except for the word polysemy to see the form of know where they were righteous, and compared with alphabetic writing, Chinese characters on the communicative function with unparalleled versatility and stability, which is the most powerful communicative language in the text.

From the time point of view, stereotypes of Chinese characters standardized than two thousand years of history, ancient inherited can still be able to understand article, communicative functions of Chinese characters can be described as universally accessible, through past and present, and this is not possible phonetic , the phonetic form of the letter is simply a phoneme, in recording the language, it is basically written by sound, then there is no fixed meaning, after the passage of time or due to differences in local languages, leaving the voice on the change It then records the text also have to change accordingly. So, a phonetic writing here can read the article, not necessarily to the places he was able to understand, while the Chinese characters, meaning fixed in shape, both ancient and modern are reading may understand.

4. Phonogram Chinese characters is an ideal text to learn and master Chinese characters either in the form of acoustic sound easy to identify, but also easy to identify Ming Yi, the phonetic sound knowledge only benefit one side, although the phonetic form of knowing by the tone ( The text of the "form" is a recognizable "shape", it can not be known by its sound sense, the relationship between form and meaning have to remember is not dead. but Chinese phonetic compounds in the form next to the sound from the side composed of two parts, whether it is its pronunciation or meaning of words are easy to master, because the shape next to the marked its generic meaning, indicating a phonetic pronunciation of the word, "Shuo Wen Jie Zi>> also say" those who shaped the sound to do in the name of Analogy complementary to each other, and rivers is also. "For example:
① asked, hearing too. From the mouth, the door sound.

② forgot and did not know also. From the heart, from the death, death is also sound.

③ marry, take her too. From women, from taking, taking also sound.

As can be seen from the above example, the pronunciation of some characters will change over for now, but it can be concluded that the phonetic form of sound words, when some of the Characters and the pronunciation of the word with a difference, because in reality, not Each word may be able to find a single body in exactly the same words as phonetic, and some can only be used to close the Sound of Music. Therefore, as long as the know-shaped form of sound words next to the sound side, will be able to know these sound of his meaning, such words a regular, easy to remember and master the foreign is also referred to as "predictive text."
5. Characters form the shape of particular artistic beauty of Chinese characters as the object of calligraphy art, unique in the world, it is parallel with the art of traditional Chinese painting, called "painting", has become a Chinese art treasures.

Founder of Chinese characters form both symmetrical, strokes and varied and, in the long-writing practice, creating a variety of aesthetic value of the book has. The art of Chinese calligraphy with the person's temperament, artistic style to create a variety of different , charm different, a mix of artistic images, and alphabetic writing, although the body can also write all kinds of art, but its monotonous strokes, lack of personality, regardless of how writing, Chinese calligraphy, could have produced this interesting infinite, admirable calligraphy treasures come.

6. Alphabetic characters easier than dealing with today's society the computer has access to computer information age, a language the computer can adapt to the work, This is a significant issue. Professor of Physics, University of California, that the Chinese is better than Mr. Cheng Zhen easier to deal with the computer in English, although English letters only can be prepared by knockout more than twenty languages, may, studies have shown that structural information in Chinese characters (strokes coded form "codes can" work much faster than the Chinese phonetic coding of the "Tone." Moreover, it has been used to character input, and then replaced with a phonetic system, had to re-learn language, so that more time and a waste of human and material resources.

(B characters shortcomings, the advantages of alphabetic writing
1. The number of Chinese characters and more difficult to memorize the State Language Commission, according to the 1988 release of <"Modern Chinese generic word list>> total 7000 income of Chinese characters, while the total number of over 60,000 Chinese characters, even if there are more than 3,000 commonly used words, and characters Stroke range (simplified ago, 11 per word document, complex structure (with left and right, up and down, surrounded by other structures, shaped like (such as yourself have Pat, people should form and spelling of each word to remember, at least ten years of study, so that learning efficiency hindered the development of science.

Links to Research Papers Download http://www.hi138.com 2. Chinese word and more serious tone, the difficulty is a prominent one sound a word, good master, but if there are several pronunciations of a word, it is easy hell broke loose, such as "Ai" and the words in the "ascendant" read the term "aì", in "self-pity" in the read "yì". Another example is "bend" the word in the table, "the object bend Erzhi off" when reading "ǎo "in table" flow, and not fluent in "reading from" ào ", in the table," stubborn "when reading" niù ". polyphonic common word: good, no, fat, fighting, transportation, Education, school, period, false, rate, the other hundreds. caused by this phenomenon more than a lot of sound words, such as: ancient and modern sound change, sound under the guise of the past, extended terms, etc., so this is more serious in Chinese language learning difficulties.

The alphabetic characters than good, it is put together by a dozen letters from, the pronunciation is always the same, as long as know how to recognize letters and letter sequence on the right word formation, pronunciation, and it also fixed, which seems simpler than the characters can be behind the difficulty, but it is difficult to explain.

3. Chinese word more ambiguous the situation is not conducive to identification and control and escape characters, including the basic meaning (including the extended meaning and metaphors. Issued a word derived from the basic meaning and metaphors, this escape, and basic meaning the same strain, are closely linked, generally not to learn, difficult to bring understanding, it will not cause confusion and misunderstanding. ambiguity and confusion caused by the same word several different unrelated meaning. Huangbo Rong, edited by Liao Xu Dong <"Modern Chinese>> call this word" homophone written form of the same. "such as" Do "meaning of the word among the four is no correlation between: (1 separation, the difference (such as separation, respectively), (2 do not (such as other hands, do not joke, (3 stretch stuck to live or (if not the symbol, (4 flow, and not congenial (awkward.

In fact, in addition to this, there is a special phenomenon of word ambiguity, that is, in the guise of classical words and idioms, including "<Book of Songs", "death will go to women," sentence "death" and "woman" the actual on is the "oath", "thou" words under the guise of the word. Ancient often occurs, "said" "straight" is "pleasure", "value" under the guise of the word, that word if not in-depth study will be added in the study some problems. The meaning of words in different phonetic system is often composed of different alphabet, pronunciation can be differentiated, so it will not happen over this situation.

It seems from the above comparison, the Chinese character and alphabetic writing is different, however, it seems if it is in the May Fourth period, such as Lu Xun, QIAN, Qu they are strongly advocated for the abolition of Chinese characters, Qu In "<the words of ordinary Chinese >> One article said: "Chinese has become a zombie ... .... Chinese language to fully develop, to become modern, to adapt to the cultural life of the masses of the new, to be abolished completely in character." In fact, their efforts were not in vain, we are the point of impact can change the character why not? That is because the characters are enduring. from above that has its own character and alphabetic writing strengths and weaknesses, shortcomings can be characters is available through improvements to create a more perfect word, this transformation is still non-stop development, and the shortcomings of alphabetic writing through the transformation is not complete.

Fourth, the reasons against the Chinese Characters Chinese Characters from the above we do not have the direction towards the alphabet have a certain understanding, but it seems there is confusion, there is clearly the advantages and disadvantages of the two languages, why do not have to say that alphabetic characters to replace it? Here we go again discussed several aspects of them from the truth.

(A phonetic system can not solve the agreed word, the word problem of phonetic ambiguity prone to replace Chinese characters, first through a storm is not homophones (words ambiguous question, also said earlier there is a lot of Chinese homophones (words , and homonyms (words generally only sound the same, while the word (meaning different, much less the same shape. Traditional Chinese characters are homonyms (words generally do not mix, but if you replace the characters with alphabetic writing, I would like homonyms will surely be the same shape, then homophones, words can not distinguish. Although the number of Chinese characters and more complicated strokes, really difficult to identify hard to remember, but the general sense of identification, although homonyms, but a look at the meaning of the word can be determined without ambiguity . For example, Musicians, Mr. Zhao Yuanren written article "<Amur Food Lion" A History>:
"Shishi Shi Shi's poem, addicted to the lion. Oath eat ten lions.'s Always appropriate, as the Lion City. Ten o'clock, ten lions appropriate city proper. Yes, the fitness proper City Amur.'s As ten lions, relies on vector potential, so that those ten lions died.'s dead pick up ten lions, suitable sarcophagus, wet stone chamber, so that paternity swab's stone chamber. sarcophagus swab, before tasting the lion's corpse. food, the beginning of real knowledge is ten ten lions lions. trial is a matter of interpretation. "
Although the article is "game culture", but it shows much of the text in the homophone above is to use "shi" syllables of the four tones of this word a total of 32 languages, if rewritten into pinyin, the listener not only hear understand, will be busy running to the bathroom. so difficult to embark on the actual situation of Chinese romanization.

(B alphabetic characters can not inherit a variety of unique literary style and cultural character of each word is a word, the word (words are box-shaped area of ​​very independent individual, unlike the alphabetic written word as different lengths, uneven, and some long list of words, some only one or two letters. The Chinese word for a sound, every word has meaning, meaning there are synonymous, antisense, near meaning, tone has four tones and Finals Oblique similarities and differences between the characteristics of Chinese characters has created many unique literary style and the unique Chinese calligraphy. everyone is familiar with the metrical poetry, song, is the Chinese character Fu and couplets to create a special literary style.

Chinese culture has a long history, classical Chinese poems and couplets Qu Fu is a literary adaptation of the Chinese products, from the square Chinese characters can not survive, perhaps someone will say, metrical poems and couplets is also the creation of Chinese words, it put pinyin the text is not on it? I think this is wrong, because to pay attention to the timing of Chinese Verse, syntax, unlike Britain, France, Germany, and other creative colloquial language poetry, especially pay attention to the words of Chinese metrical condensed, simple, it kinds of highly summarized, concise statement of the poem form, completely out of the habit of daily spoken language, if written with phonetic alphabets, the reader will understand the instructions? will appreciate poetry it? For example:
Tiān jiē xiāo yǔ rùn rú sū,
Cǎo sè yáo kàn jìn què wú.

Zuì shì yì nián chūn kǎo chù,
Jué shèng yān liǔ mǎo huáng dū.

This is the home of Han Yu Tang poetry essay on "<spring rain>> quatrains. Of course, people who are familiar with this poem, a reading of phonetic can read it, or to recall Chinese poem, but if people who have never seen this poem with the phonetic spelling of the poem, it may be difficult, yet written in Chinese characters, on the clarity of sight, such as:
Weeping rain days in early spring rain bands such as cakes,
Grass Yaokan nearer.

Benefits the most is the spring of the year,
Yan Liu must win over Royal.

Cited above the ancient metrical poetry is only the most popular simple, if the ancient Olympic poem to spend that uncommon words or even with some allusions into a problem.

Therefore, if you really use the phonetic spelling to poetry, words, Music, Fu and couplets, then, is not only a series of cultural treasures that can not pass on, and left behind an ordinary person would not read the hieroglyphics.

Conclusion Chinese romanization is suitable in the end, in fact, a look to see, through the comparison of the face of alphabetic writing and the characters, and we can see with our lives, our characters are used everywhere, not phonetic, although Pinyin is we will learn, but we learn the characters it is only a tool to serve the practical value is not large, but spelling does not work in our country, whether it is from the geographical or cultural, or other aspects of speech grammar said, is not a plan equal to inequality. and then wanted to repeal the Chinese phonetic way to go man, just to see Japan, Korea and other countries use the phonetic system, they think of the characters is a behind the text, must be reform, but their efforts were not entirely successful, is the enduring character of text, not a moment can change the heart's heat. say the "characters" carries China's cultural, spiritual, and the sad history of course, more maintains a stable family name. Therefore, as the most ancient Chinese characters, and the relative maturity of the text, not only did not need to go can not go romanization.

References
[1] Huang Borong, Liao Xu East. Modern Chinese [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2007.

[2] Liu was high. Character of the past and the future [M]. Hunan: Hunan University Press, 2005.

[3] Wu Zhankun, where Malaysia. Chinese • Chinese History of the Reformation [M]. Hunan: Hunan from China Press, 1988.

[4] leaves of renowned, Tongqiang. Linguistics Platform [M]. Beijing: Beijing University Press, 1997.

[5] One week Yao, Lu mirror society. Language Studies [A]. Beijing: China Social Sciences Press, 1990.

Notes:
Lu stupid ① Chapter: <<glance Elementary • Preface>> 1956 edition, p. 34.

② Ni Haishu: <"China's new language>> 1949 edition, p. 119.

① Hu Qiaomu: <<Hu Qiaomu about the language that the text> "from 1990 edition, p. 133.

② Huangbo Rong, Liao Xu Dong: <"Modern Chinese>> on the books, 2007 edition, p. 134.

① Huangbo Rong, Liao Xu Dong: <"Modern Chinese>> on the books, 2007 edition, p. 145.

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