On eco-ethics in ancient China the value and nature of human thinking analysis of the relationship

Abstract: The ancient Chinese philosophy has a broad and profound ideological content, rich in ecological ethics. Modern deep ecological integrity of the value of ethics, hierarchy and other issues involving the relationship between man and nature, ideological and theoretical value, both in ancient Chinese philosophy find the ideological content, and use a unique way of thinking in a profound argument. explore the ancient Chinese philosophy and the ideological content to give us a clearer understanding of the value system of the universe and its level of integrity, understanding man and nature value of the relationship between human values ​​found in the position and direction of development.

Paper Keywords: ancient Chinese philosophy, eco-ethics, the value of the relationship between man and nature
Rich in ancient Chinese philosophy of the relationship between man and nature and ecological ethics. Unity of nature and human relations, integration of knowledge and morality, law and the Peace and Prosperity uniform regulation of the universe, "necessity" principle and "ought" to determine through, is the essence of Chinese philosophy characteristics theory of ecological ethics from the West by the ancient Chinese philosophy had inspired and influenced many. depth analysis of the ancient Chinese philosophy, our in-depth understanding of the systemic value of the relationship between man and nature has a profound inspiration.

First, the value of the relationship between man and nature is an organic whole
Traditional ethics that value is the main areas of object relations, is the main object properties to meet the needs of the relationship of subject and object is the object of a state of separation between the main body in the active position. Only human beings can exist as the main value, intrinsic value Modern deep ecological ethics from a holistic standpoint, the entire biosphere and even the universe as an organic ecosystem that exists in the value of the ecological relationship between ecosystem and ecological process, the value of a systematic nature of human values ​​but this part of the system, other parts of the human survival and existence of conditions closely linked to the ecological integrity of the system determines human survival and quality of life as the main independent living systems maintain their own survival and reproduction, independent evolution of non-living natural systems also independently maintain their balance and stability, evolution and development. natural systems every existence has intrinsic value. Whether it is the value of human or natural value, are formed in the system, development and realization of ancient China, "Heaven," thought fully reflect the value of the relationship between man and nature, integrity, deep understanding of our value system as a whole has important revelation.

First, the universe, including humans, have a common origin of the origin of the universe called the Confucian Tai Chi, Taoism, the origin of the universe called the "Road" or "natural", they believe that the universe emerged from a source. < <Yi Chuan copulative>> said: "Therefore Yi Tai Chi is a Health astrotech, astrotech Health four images, four images and raw gossip." tai chi as the ultimate eternal existence, is to produce the source of all things, "gossip "that is a symbol of the natural world in eight elements. I described as the origin of the universe in the" Road ", said:" There are things hybrid, the first world Health. lonely Liao Xi Xi, independent and not be changed, not perilous weeks OK, you can mother of the world. "" I XXV "" Dawson, one two, two three, three things ."(<< I forty-second chapter>>) a description of such a large and modern science explosion theory is consistent with the formation of the universe, reflecting the universe, evolution of ideas, but also reflects the common origin of the universe with the idea. If human beings have value, to generate the human universe and its evolution process is also valuable, and the generation of human origin of the universe from the build process point of view, should have equal value to human status.

Second, one man and nature is organic, and help solve the problem with students the value of the whole. Taoists believe that strength is the formation of the basic elements of all things, not points, not the poor, long vitality filled the entire universe, the universe as an indivisible whole. <<Zhuangzi Qiu Shui>> said the strength "to the essence invisible, not to Tai Wai," "intangible, not a few of the points are not surrounded by a few of the poor can not have." strength in the world to attract exclusion, aggregation of discrete, and all things generated in strength, Perishable. Jin Ge Hong said: "Lady in the gas, the gas in the people during the day and in all things, no living without air to also." ("hold Putz to management>>) "Book of Rites, Li Yun,>> said:" The people, their world of German, yin and yang, the turn of the spirits of the Council, the five elements of the delicate and elegant. "people and things" with this stretch. " form an organic whole. People as an integral part of nature, and the natural evolution of the integration process. "My husband set out to form large, I labor to Health, I Lost the old, the interest rate I am to die ."(<< Grandmaster Chuang Tzu> >) and the people are not completely nothing to illness and death, lives and breeds of <<moderate>> talked about the people who know truth through extremely sincere and play to their nature, heaven and earth together, and thus can play a material nature to help the natural genesis things ("Heaven's genesis"), to obtain the position of tied with the world ("heaven and earth parameters") so that heaven and earth genesis of man and all things have value, have sponsored the value of heaven and earth genesis. On the contrary, there is no heaven and earth genesis will not have human values, it can no sponsorship, there is no universe of human culture to create new value, therefore, is the value of the whole man and nature.

Third, man and nature is a moral and spiritual values ​​as a whole. Confucian Heaven employing Road to shape, the ethical principles of social amplification of the principle of the universe, the destiny of humanity rose to Heaven, the Heaven humane ideals, on ethics of Heaven to prove the rationality of humanity, the natural growth process of all things, heaven and earth biological processes linked with virtue and wisdom. By people and days, and by the day and people, in order to achieve Heaven Hede, through Heaven and humanity, man and nature in the moral unification.


If that "benevolence" is the highest virtue, is one reason why noble cause, it is from the world "life and life of virtue" or "biological heart of heaven and earth." Yao celebrating the great Confucius said: "Great is Diana Yao The King also. lofty and imposing as the big day, only Yao's. Sway peace, people incompetent men, lofty and imposing its a success. Huan an article ."(<< by his Analects. Taber>>) Yao behavior is to-day guidelines, follow the example of Heaven, the establishment of social civilization and the achievements of Albert Confucius say that Heaven is about humanity, the moral from the days of ethics. "born in Germany, how it ?"(<< Huan charm Analects of Confucius described >>)<< easy to pass>> explicitly put forward the concept of Heaven Hede: "husband adults who, with the world meet their moral, together with its sun and the moon out, and the seasons of its order, and the spirits of their good and bad. Erfu violate innate, acquired and law Qian Yi Chuan day ."(<< classical>>) in man and nature awareness or understanding capacity, "Heaven and earth have great beauty but not words, four when there are clear rules do not debate, all successful does not talk.. the sage, the original beauty of heaven and earth up to the myriad things ."(<< Zhuangzi knows the North Tour>>) only human beings can "sub-world of the United States, analysis of all things management, observing all the ancients "(<<Zhuangzi world>>), so the human spirit is the consciousness of the universe is so natural from the" unknown "to" famous "and" mother of all things "(<<I first chapter>>) of human evolution and has a natural evolution of the long form of self-consciousness, the spiritual value of the universe. In the spiritual values ​​of man and nature is uniform.

Second, the universality of man and nature and level of value
Recognition of the deep ecological ethics of life, natural systems are generally non-life has intrinsic value, but also that the natural value of the system structure is hierarchical, so the value of man and nature into a unified value system of the universe, but also each have their own The value of the location, at different levels among the ancient Chinese philosophy is profound, different schools, different philosophers in the value of the relationship between man and nature on the point of view of both similarities and differences between them, both man and nature, the value of common thinking, some people are naturally present value of the difference with the point of view. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com Taoist philosophy in general that both man and nature share a common origin of all things, the internal laws and rules of common man and the natural world has equal value, but I value the relationship between man and nature, with some differences in ideology or hierarchy of ideas. I said: "The old course of the big, big, real big, people are great. There are four domain large, and living one Yan. Act, the law of the heavens, France Road, Imitation of Nature ."(<< I XXV>>) Road is the highest principle throughout the universe, universe " Road "as the highest value of the four human beings is one of the universe, has its own value position as if the days of the universe or to the outside world, the Earth or to the ecosystem as a whole, the Dawson heaven and earth, world Health things, people is the "big four", one is all one level, the value of the order of the universe should be said, heaven, earth, human, natural world. This is consistent with the overall ecology of the system is greater than some value and the value of the principle. Zhuangzi believes that despite differences in the universe, but is equally divided, he said: "The Tao of view, things not equal, to view material of , but since your relative cheap to vulgar view, is not equal water has ."(<< Zhuangzi Qiu>>) In other words, the universe, including humans are of equal value, there is no equal ranking points, the So there will be or distinction simply because of elevating themselves to belittle others (objects) of the human factors.

Confucian ethics and scope of the object from the blood of human beings according to affinities gradually extended to persons other than the natural objects, not only recognize the value of a species of mankind, in certain people with the highest value in nature, but also certain minerals, plants and animals high and low self-worth in the recognition of all things together, but also stressed the difference between the value of different things, level.

First, the Confucian emphasis on human values ​​in the relationship between Heaven and the relationships, the Confucius was the first priority is people. <<Analects Xiangdang>> said: "barn burning. Tuichao son, Japan: 'wounding or Down?" Do not ask horses. "animal and human life in the value of the weight, the Confucian emphasis on value of human life is the priority in the property, and other material resources and human life value, but the latter is emphasized. Confucius believed that only people with a benevolent ethics, so people in the universe has the highest value. Xunzi also think that people's value is higher than the natural world, he said: "The fire and water with gas without health, vegetation, and their remaining ignorance, animals have no known meaning, people Yousheng have known that there is gas and there is justice, it is the world's most expensive ."(<< Xunzi kingship articles>>)

Confucian emphasis on "people-oriented" but also advocates cherish life, cherish objects. Confucian respected "benevolence", "benevolence" was originally means "love." Mencius put the "benevolence" from "love" to "love object." He said: "The gentleman to things, love Erfu benevolence, in people, they benevolence Erfu pro. kiss and Jen, Jen and the love of things ."(<< Mencius dedication ") step by step the Confucian idea of" benevolence "by kiss, Jen, push and to love material, but by the "pro", "benevolence" to "love" or reflect differences in the degree of their loved ones, others, the value of the difference. Song Zhang Zai asked: "dry, said Father, Kun said the mother, I hereby Miao Yan, is However, mixed in place. it is heaven and earth plug, its my body, heaven and earth, handsome, I its nature. the people, my compatriots, things, and I also ."(<< Ximing>>) he advocated the humanity of mankind love extended to things in the world, will push and natural human relations, reflecting the full recognition of the value of nature, but the sheets are set out in the world by "parents" to people, "fellow" to things as "partners", to a certain extent reflects his thought and objects of value differences.

Ming Wang of "benevolence" push and to Washi and other non-living matter, he said: "The benevolent to all things as one, so there is a loss of material, I-jen is not entirely at ."(<< teaching record") but , benevolent to all things as a whole, and in order to survive, and sometimes have to sacrifice something they, how to treat this type of problem? Wang said: "with love animals and vegetation, and vegetation to keep the animals and the chin Ting with love between man and beast, and kill animals in order to support the pro, and for worship, dinner guests, their hearts can stand.

Loved ones and passers-by with love, such as the basket for cooked rice bean soup, was the students, not the dead, can not be reconciled, rather to save their loved ones do not save the passers-by, their hearts can stand. This is the true reason together. Is the natural conscience structured, insurmountable, this will be that of justice. "(<<teaching record>>) can be seen in the human universe together with the case of love or there is poor, the vegetation, animals, pedestrians, the value of loved ones is different in the sense that on this case, by virtue of conscience This is naturally realized, which reflects the ancient Chinese philosophy from the natural law to moral rules, from "Yes" to "should be" natural transition features its conclusions and underlying ecological theory of ethics in the hierarchy of values ​​is the same, illustrates the universality of man and nature and level of value.

Third, the unity of man and nature to get people's value
People as a form of life, and other life, as its basic value is survival.'s Survival needs depend on the nature of the deep, all the time all of this needs to be nurtured, "Heaven and Earth Dade 'care. "Dry said the father, mother-kun said," that "people are my compatriots, and I and also" the need and nature of this "people's inorganic body" (Marx) closely united together, to obtain their survival value.

People as intelligent life, he will continue to examine their own existence (how to survive), he could not bear worthless life. Survival of the state, including one self-state of the inner spirit of harmony, there is a state of harmony in social relations between man and nature, a state of harmony . harmonious relationship between three close contact with its implementation dependent on each other deeply. Confucian pursuit of self, family, country and the world (<<University >>)," heart for the world stand, stand for the pepole Road, continue to go to St. secret, in order to open eternal peace "(<<Zhang Quotations on>>), not only to solve the problem themselves, their" class "issue, but also" Heaven's genesis, "embodies the spirit of harmony and the pursuit of the inner self, social harmony and the harmony between man and nature the pursuit of value.

People as universal and transcendent life, he concerned about their position in the value system in the hope that a clear understanding of the value generated by their own source and direction of development, hopes to expand life, and with the same width and breadth of heaven and earth, and the universe as eternal of value. "Heaven" view of nature not only of man and nature by revealing the spatial organic whole, the spirit of organic whole, and the process of organic whole, to help people build the ultimate value of life. long-term evolution of man from nature, natural integral part of human life through moral, cultural enhancement get beyond the "heaven and earth parameters" as the "heart of all things," the universe of self-awareness. emphasis on the inheritance of ancient Chinese philosophy of innovation made life a natural lan realm, the realm of utilitarian moral realm, the realm of four kinds of the realm of heaven and earth, the realm of Heaven which is the highest level there realm of heaven and earth, "he Knowing is not only a part of society as a whole, and is part of the whole universe. not only for society, people should contribute, that the universe, who have contributed. "man and nature from matter to spirit of the organic unity of human nature in harmony with nature, and the world beyond me and I not my subjective and objective boundaries, to achieve and "Road" unity, achieve freedom, perfection, freedom condemns the soul, the realm of saints, in unity with nature to gain eternal value.

China's traditional philosophy of wisdom gave us great inspiration and help us find the value of the overall image of the world and the internal structure of the universe is an organic whole value system, the system of life and non-living systems in general have intrinsic value, only in the whole of human to get their basic values, beyond the supreme value and ultimate value because of the universe gave birth to the wisdom of human life to obtain a new value. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com