Analysis of Chinese traditional ethics review - the founding of new China before the Cultural Revolution

Abstract: how to deal with the Chinese traditional ethics and cultural resources, scholars have seen this paper in 1949 an 1966 to take this time, review of traditional Chinese scholars during this period of research ethics, and ethical ideas of their traditional criticism, inheritance and contribution.

Paper Keywords: traditional ethics, Confucianism, critical; inheritance
The early 1940s, Mao Zedong from the standpoint of building new democratic culture of a macro approach: "China's long feudal society, created a splendid ancient culture of ancient culture, the development of clean, remove its feudal dross and absorb the essence of democracy is the development of national culture national self-confidence necessary to improve conditions, but must not uncritically eclectic. must be ancient decadent feudal ruling class before the good things and the people of the ancient culture that is somewhat democratic and revolutionary thing to distinguish. "inheritance of this critical attitude and approach in the new China was founded for a long time, been subject to interference, so that in the Chinese historical and cultural resources, how to deal with the issue of long-term has failed to form a concrete, scientific conclusion. what the draw, which the excluded, how draw, how to eliminate, these problems are endless debate in theoretical circles in this tortuous process, faced with the difficult choice to take and care, the formation of a number of worthy of our serious consideration the experience and lessons learned.

I. Background
(A) of Marxism as guiding ideology
In 1949, the establishment of the People's Republic, China's tremendous history of a profound revolution in the new China in the political overthrow of the bureaucratic bourgeoisie seven, the feudal landlord class, imperialism and the reactionary regime, the establishment of the working class led by the workers and peasants alliance based on the people's democratic dictatorship, economic confiscated bureaucrat-capitalist class, property and landlord of the land, established a socialist state-owned economy and collective economy as the main national economic system. political and economic changes in the the field of ideology and culture and ideology, Confucianism as a ruling ideology completely lost in history, Marxist, socialist ideology became the country's guiding ideology, as people observe, analyze problems of world outlook and methodology. Since then, Marxism gradually become the people to observe, analyze the problem of ideological tool, a guide to develop national strategies, policies, theoretical basis, a science and technology, culture, ideology, education and scientific research guidelines and common methodology.

(B) a historical and cultural heritage of traditional ethics
Founding of the PRC, set right the course of history the Chinese nation, changed the social status of Confucianism. Confucianism no longer be "overwhelming" to rule the world of the gods, the people's government abolished the fundamental Confucian feudal exploitation , the Confucian Temple, Confucian, Konglin so well protected as historical and cultural monuments, and published the first batch of national key cultural relics protection. Confucianism began to be regarded as the Chinese historical and cultural heritage and to study in September 20 .1954 The first session of the National People's Congress passed the first meeting of the <<Constitution of the PRC>> Chapter III Article 95 states: "protect the citizens of the People's Republic of scientific research, literary and Artistic creation and other cultural activities the State for in science education, literature, Art and culture of the citizens of other creative work, give encouragement and help. "It is in these basic spirit of the law under the guidance, as a historical and cultural resources to be studied Confucianism in the new China to survive and develop.

Second, the grand tradition of research ethics
After the establishment of the People's Republic, after restoring the national economy and rural land reform for agriculture, handicrafts and capitalist industry and commerce after the basic victory of socialist transformation, China has entered a new period of socialist construction. And the new tasks facing the new era, Mao February 27, 1957 at the Supreme State Conference of the eleventh (enlarged) meeting to do a <<On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the>> speech, clearly stated: the "Hundred Flowers policy is to promote the development of the Arts and scientific progress of the policy is to promote the prosperity of socialist culture in China on the principle of Artistic forms and styles of different free development, science and bite on a different faction c free debate. the use of administrative power, to impose a style, a School to ban another style, another school of thought, we think it will be harmful to the development of arts and sciences. "
(A) a positive view
1. Xiong Shi Xiong Shi book research point of view <<original Confucianism>> book, is to focus on the systematic study of Confucianism and the formation of the important outcomes of the 20th century, Confucian scholars in China 50 years of the most original insights of academic monographs in this The book "Saint Wong" Confucianism general thrust of the road, at home and abroad had a profound influence, Confucianism, "were defined by the application," an enlightened post-school achievements. Xiong Shi that "the school of Confucius, the ancient Scots for the Hong period of two schools of thought will pass. factions who, Yao and Shun to the civil and military political and religious enough to hang Fan Houshi set membership, could send as practical, heart Xi early painting gossip, is Qiongshen dialectics of knowledge-based and originate, can be called for the philosophical school. Confucius five years old before the study, probably good at practical to send. "learned the so-called five-year-old former All Saints Church and State's civil and military with Yao and Shun Record set membership, just poetry, calligraphy, art, gift just four. Since the 50 easy to learn, and post-ideological distinction between the a new world, Xi Huang gossip from the probe, and a large philosophy illustrates its ideas have a major mutation, that <<Zhuangzi world articles>> to "Saint King" Confucius said, but it is include characters, the majority of Confucius and Confucianism in the so-called "saint outside the King", that is, "as has been said for the inside, into the matter that is outside." secular has to begin within the universe as external. Xiong Shi wrote in October 1954, Guo's letter said: "He is also the ancient science of ancient learning, he can not mess the truth and if the turmoil is so long trapped in intellectual chaos. The 100 victims and without a profit also. As for the secondary schools as long as the short, then it can see the Chinese and foreign scholars Jieke, for criticism. However, criticism of the industry, Ming will be the truth, after school, before they start the ear. "implication Some criticism was unknown, "old school" of the mass, absolutely critical to start with the phenomenon.


2. Fan Wenlan research point of view in the 1940s, Fan Wenlan written <<Chinese History>> liberation revised. He revised the first chapter is devoted to the fourth series, "created by Confucius and Confucianism," which in academia and have a broad impact on society, he said: "Confucius is a master of feudal society of the saints, ancient Chinese representative of the great culture. "Confucianism is the crystallization of ideas scholar class, the scholar class and ideological position on the near side under the previous compromise, the next should have to compromise, so moderation will be the most appropriate philosophy. Confucianism absorbed all the "neutral and not leaning," the doctrine of his view of Confucius to the Chinese people left a precious cultural heritage, which the Chinese people have a heritage treasure.

3. Guo Guo's research point of view <<ten critical book>> in 1950 and reprinted, which evaluate the arguments of Confucius and Confucianism in the fifties and sixties have a broad social impact such as: "Confucius not only conform to the basic position was the trend of social change, and therefore his thought and expression can also be clearing standards. He was standing on behalf of the whole aspect of people's interests, he would like to actively use the power of culture to enhance people's happiness for the last part of the culture in order to accept, but also some criticism of the transformation in an attempt to establish a new system to the feudal society as a new ligament. "Guo believes that Confucius" benevolence "is the meaning of self-denial of a human altruism, want people to get rid of all selfish effort, to develop a spirit of sacrifice for the public dedication; "benevolence" is liberation of slaves along the trend of the humanitarian, "people discovery", Confucius was a humanist emphasis on practical , not galloping fantasy, always down to earth to do; Confucius negative day of God, deny the kingship of these ideas had a tremendous impact at home and abroad, even in the ten years of chaos and Guo have been accused of "Confucian school", is considered Chinese society is the fifties and sixties, "Confucian" an important source of ideas.

4. Lu Zhenyu Lu Zhenyu research point of view of materialism in the philosophy of Confucius, or for the discussion of the issue of idealism that seems from all of human history, philosophy and the history of materialism and idealism is a two-line struggle and class struggle to adapt. Materialist ism often are progressive or revolutionary class, class or group of the world, idealism is often a conservative or reactionary class, class or group of the world, this is a historical process in general. Confucian thought on whether the dialectic , or the proportion of dialectical thinking in the problem, his view is: the law of dialectics, as must the material life of human society and thought from provisions such as the role, it can not but be reflected in people's minds - whether simple, conscious or not conscious, therefore, can not say that, in the thinking of the metaphysical dialectic not contain the ingredients, can not say, every thought, no academics dialectics mixed into the metaphysical component. Ultimately, that any person playing a leading role. of Confucian Thought methodology research, we only Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought under the guidance by the Confucian thought of all reliable material, for serious, serious proper analysis and demonstration, should try to avoid subjective imagination or far-fetched.

(B) the critical point
With the establishment of new China, as the international environment for China's domestic development needs and the objective reality, the decision to build socialism in China must take the historical features of the Marxist path. Marxist philosophy and leaped into the consciousness of the official rule, leftist ideas began to occur, all are considered all non-Marxist cultural criticism was harsh, Confucius, Confucianism could not escape the calamity, become a target.

1. Feng's research points to the 1950s, half of the 1960s, ruthless force of academic criticism of the philosophy of Feng had to give up their position and began to learn and use the Marxist stand, viewpoint and methods of research and evaluation of Confucius .1954 years <<Confucian Thought>> 1960 <<Confucius>> 1961 <<More on Confucius - Confucius on the "benevolence" of the idea>> 1962 <<three Confucius>> etc. a series of articles published, embodies this stage lan to Confucius's view. Share on lan free download http://www.hi138.com Confucius's view for this period focused on the following aspects: First of all, of Confucius "class composition" of the re-definition of Confucius from the early decline of the landlord class thinkers slave philosopher, thinker, or as slave class, Confucius was standing on the position of the slave class He represents the interests of slave-owning aristocracy, his thinking is reactionary at the time, therefore, deny the existence of some kind of Confucian thought in general, common inheritable factors.

From the class standpoint, Feng Confucius defined as "the initial differentiation from the Lord out of the landlord class, the class", which determines the two sides of Confucian thought, and this dual nature, throughout all aspects of Confucian thought. Confucius represented the landlord on class nature, Feng said: "This landlord class asked to participate in politics, as a strict new class, and it is also concerned about this struggle to improve their production, mainly for their own interests at the end of class, but this struggle is to accelerate the class at the end of the feudal lords to eliminate, in line with the history and the end requirements, meet the people's interests. "on the ideas of Confucius, the lan that" benevolence "and" gift "for his systems of thought the two pillars of Confucius stood exploitation class of the field, striving to maintain the support system of the shackles of the people lords of the ceremony, which he thought the negative side, but this class for the Lord, also requires a certain degree of competition, creating a "benevolence" Germany, which is He thought the positive side of Confucius's attitude to social change is contradictory, he on the one hand to maintain "equal no transgression," the traditional system, the fear of "equal disorder." On the other hand, he advocated "give talented people." , "to far" and the consequences of this claim is the destruction of the feudal lord system. In addition, this contradiction is also reflected in Confucius 'gift' of support for the "day" awareness, in particular for "benevolence "The discussion on the short, Confucianism, after all, representing the interests of the feudal landlord class. This doctrine, especially on Confucius, Mencius, represented by the doctrine, in the struggle against the forces of the slave-owning aristocracy, showing weakness and compromise, but when the feudal system, when fully established and forward, when the main social contradiction into the feudal landlord class and the peasantry of contradictions, this doctrine has played a role in maintaining the order of the feudal rule. Lan for the analysis of Confucianism, that he gave up the liberation he had long-standing tradition of promoting Confucian position, the use of Marxist historical materialism began to study Confucianism.


2. Wailu research point of view Wailu that: Confucius was a reformist, but his progressive improvement is limited from the "gift" idea seems pre-Confucian view of society is a self rather under the reformist, who said: "Confucius, the ancient pre-Confucian school of thought created in the historical sense is different from the Western Zhou Dynasty and Spring and Autumn of noble thinkers, Mr. gentrification, and to become the first great thinkers of ancient times, the Confucian ideas of emergence, to make the 'Golden Rooster a world Xiao Ming' the first task. "late Spring and Autumn, when the emerging national class, first as a private school writings of Confucius, the great philosopher criticized the Spring community, so his view of human nature should be emphasized to provide out research.

3. Ren Jiyu Ren Jiyu research point of view by the editor of the <<History of Chinese Philosophy>> materials, 60 years of the 20th century, the history of ancient Chinese thought the importance of results. The book's view on Confucianism is quite common at the time a representative The book that Confucius is to maintain slavery thinkers, he does not represent the interests of the feudal landlord class. Specifically, as a political activist of Confucius, he represents the decline of the slave class against the new feudal forces, he is conservative as philosopher Confucius, he was a major debate on the ideological front problem, there is the will of the day whether the issue of a personal God, he stood in the position of idealism, his error is dominant. Confucius philosophy has been shaken to maintain of God's divine right, and trying to maintain his political collapse of slavery have been royal, site consistent.

4. Yeung Kwok Wing Yeung Kwok Wing, the research point of view version in the early 1954's <<History of Thought in Ancient China>> book, the system reflects his views on Confucianism. He said: Confucius, a serious decline in the aristocracy of the period, the decline of aristocracy in order to restore the dictatorship of fate and stability of their situation, he has been promoting since the Yin and Zhou rulers of the clan in the pro-"benevolence." Confucius "benevolence." Only includes the time The kings and adults, and literati, "benevolence" as a unity at the center of kings and adults and the backbone of the literati. He said, "Misinterpretation", that is, human religion can restrain their desires, not "guilty of rebellion," from can make is tends to the original Road domination slaves, in order to revert to the ceremony, reverted to the norms of this slavery so that the "filial piety" to consolidate kinship to "Misinterpretation" to consolidate the state of slavery, all this done, they can be "world Yan Qui Nhon." He also believes that Mencius is the decline of slavery in order to save the country's decline and promote the "benevolence". He said: "The so-called benevolent Mencius, Confucius is like trying to maintain this rule no gentleman Mo Savage, Savage MO no rhyme situation continued to support a gentleman, while the second step of his benevolence, it is to keep this side of the box fields have not been destroyed. "In short, the main ideas of Confucius Yeung Kwok Wing, based on the critical and negative.

5. Guan Feng, Lin Yu-research point of view when Yu Guan Feng and Lin in 1962 when the "Confucius Symposium" on the joint statement, the class position of Confucius and historical status, both that Confucius was on the decline of the slave position on the brink of extinction in the Spring and Autumn era of slavery, slavery designed to save the dying "blueprint", it is against the prevailing social trends, there is no progress to speak of, not to create any progress in philosophy and political theory, because Confucius belongs to that class interests - whether temporary or long-term interests of interest, are the social trends and then completely inconsistent.

III Conclusion
Traditional ethical thinking has accumulated for thousands of years the Chinese nation's collective wisdom, profound, rich in content, is the traditional core of the whole system thinking. It has proved through a long and tortuous development process, but the overall trend is constant innovation and development as an important traditional Chinese culture, part of the essence of which should be the outstanding heritage of traditional Chinese culture, but also our moral system of building socialism, the socialist market economy, socialist legal system and other valuable resources essential Therefore, we should be based on their own, accepting good advice, to achieve the Confucian ethics and the development of modern society and complementary fit with the structure optimized for faster and better to build socialism with Chinese characteristics. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com