Russia Terrorism Crime Analysis Summary

Keywords: Russia, terrorism, crime, Research

Summary: In recent years, Russian crime of terrorism studies at home and abroad gradually the attention of scholars. Our scholars on this issue of a late start, the results are mostly concentrated in the roots of terrorism, response measures and related legislation in Russia related Research more fruitful for us from a multi-disciplinary, multi-angle study of Russian crime of terrorism can learn to provide a reference.



Terrorism is the process of development of human society, along with the state within and between countries in the economic, political, ethnic, religious and other aspects of the problems caused by acute or deformity of the emergence and development as terrorism because of its large impact , the wide spread damage, resulting in severe consequences, has more than ever, a non-traditional security threats, and the fight against terrorism because of the arduous tasks, the struggle of the sharp, broad cooperation, has become the post-Cold War international situation changes another important motivation. After the Cold War with the international and domestic social conflicts become more complex, terrorism, some countries and regions, the growing threat, especially in the United States, "9.11" incident, international terrorism and national security further highlight the threat to national security, to prevent, deter and combat terrorism and ensure national security and stability within the field of international security has become a major practical issues faced.

A Russian study of the importance of terrorist crimes

After the 1991 Soviet collapse, Russia has not only faced with serious economic problems, and separatism and religious extremism began to rise, terrorism increasingly active, especially in the separatist Chechen terrorist activities lasting and intense. Terrorists continue to create terror incidents interfere with people's normal life and become a real threat to Russian national security of Russia is often greater than the dangers of terrorism and ordinary crime, Criminal, terrorist kidnapping, hijacking planes, blowing up railways, the murder of the organs of state power representatives, among others, has become a commonplace phenomenon can be said that the development of the crime of terrorism, the spread is a serious threat to Russia's political and economic development process, but also to international peace and security of severe shock, therefore, scientific and comprehensive understanding of how Russia the phenomenon of terrorism, how to find more effective prevention and combating terrorism measures Russia is in front of us is an important issue has important theoretical and practical significance of Russia and other countries in the world, like terrorism are strengthened crime theory and practice of exploration, Russian scholars and academics in China have been in non-traditional security theory within the framework of a systematic study of terrorism, the establishment of a "terrorist school" and "anti-terror school" this new discipline. [1]

We should study Russian for the crime of terrorism, trying to terrorism history, the causes of crime, Criminality, such as entry point for hazardous and trends begin to tease out terrorist activities in Russia's transition period, the general context, to focus on How to control terrorism and crime, the Russian government on this issue, which is China's terrorism Research has important reference in recent years, the East Turkistan separatists, Tibetan separatist, ethnic separatist forces in Taiwan and other activities of wild, extreme religious terrorist organizations event of serious disturbance of social order in our country, especially the "East Turkistan" separatist forces in the name of democracy, human rights and implemented a series of flag burning and other terrorist activities, vandalism, attempted secession, which gives China's economic construction and social development with to a significant impact, so the issue of terrorism to Russia to conduct a comprehensive, systematic study to summarize the lessons learned, so as to refer to our how to deal with terrorism, which undoubtedly has important theoretical and practical significance.

Second, the domestic Research

The current study the issue of terrorism is still in a certain sense, mainly Western countries, especially Europe and the United States an early start on the study of terrorism, related works on the rich since the 1970s, Western countries and terror issue doctrine of the relevant academic journals over a hundred species, and also opened a website dedicated to terrorism (http://www.terrorism.com, etc. [2] the United States and Britain as early as 1978 established a special study of terrorism Journal <<terrorism>>, 1992, changed its name <<Conflicts and Terrorism Research>> [3] United States, "9.11" incident, international terrorism and the academic research focus of attention of foreign scholars published and released a large number of monographs and studies on the concept of terrorism, root damage and the field of anti-terrorism measures, a lot more than the basic point of view, ground-breaking research, has made many can learn from the results.

China scholars on terrorism, crime of a late start, only in recent years was able to develop. Our academic concerns of terrorism dates back to the mid-1980s [4] the late 1980s, China's publishing a more comprehensive introduction to the first book of international terrorism [5] from the mid-1990s until now, the issue of terrorism began to be more concerned about some domestic scholars have also published monographs, such as Hu joint << Contemporary World Terrorism and Countermeasures>> (Eastern Press, 2001, Taiwan scholars Bingsong the <<terrorist cult underworld>> (the masses Press, 2002, Li Huizhi the <<counter-terrorism anti-terrorism school science books >>(<< >>,<< terrorism anti-terrorism tactics command >>,<< >>,<< anti-terrorism security>> People's Publishing House, 2003 edition, etc., these professionals with the advent of research on the problem of terrorism in our country has played a positive role. The author in China Journal Net (CNKI on the search results can reflect the best research and development process of China's terrorism. to "terrorism" to search for the title shows, from May 31, 1986 to 2001, "September 11" incident ago, there were papers on this topic 101, and "9.11" incident, as of October 15, 2010, the relevant papers showed 1146. after such a huge contrast to that of "9.11" after the terrorist ism has become a hot topic of China's academic research, made a lot of results.

With the stark contrast, I continue to "Russian terrorism" to search for the title, the "9.11" is only one previous article, [6] and this is just a translation, is The authors Russia <<Spark>> Magazine 1995 51 period after the translation of an article published in domestic journals <<International Watch>> on. In other words, in 2001, "9.11" incident, the domestic crime of terrorism in Russia is still in the research is almost a blank, without any academic achievement stage. "9.11" incident, to August 15, 2010 During this period, with the Russian terrorism-related papers, articles and only a mere 15, and a lot of content is identical, similar arguments, most of the facts, the lack of comprehensive in-depth analysis. monograph, the only one Ministry Xugui Min's <<Russia Terrorism Crime Research>> [7] from a legal point of view this problem systematically studied, Hou Aijun of <<Chechen whole story "[8] associated with the terrorism problem somewhat, but the study involved only Chechnya, the Chechen century study of the history, analysis of the Chechnya situation and development prospects. As of November 8, 2010, I have not yet found in China, an online journal to the theme of terrorism in Russia, Dr. Master's thesis, So far, Russia, Eastern Europe, Central Asia Institute at the Academy of Social Sciences, Institute of World History, Institute of Law and other graduate Ph.D., master's degree students, and no one has done this as the theme of graduation thesis. This shows that our academic community in Russia the problem of terrorism and the struggle against terrorism is still in the initial stages of research, both in quantity and depth, and breadth are far from Europe, America and Russia over the same period compared to the academic community, many areas still subject to further deepen and expand, some vague concept and phenomenon needs further study and clarification needs to be such an important topic of domestic academic attention.

Looking at the above-mentioned materials, domestic scholars are mainly related to the following three areas:

(A Russian root causes of crime and the causes of terrorism.

Wang Jingwu and extension of Kingman's <<post-Cold War Russia, the proliferation of the Causes of Terrorism>> [9], a paper will be swamped with post-Cold War Russia attributed to terrorism: political and economic transformation brought about by the increasing social inequality and poverty in people's lives , ethnic and religious conflicts, the underworld, cult expansion, arms smuggling, weapons proliferation, pan-Nationalism, pan-religious doctrine of the penetration, support for international terrorism, Russia and Western interference and errors, and so the fight against terrorism. Hua In <<Russian Chechen terrorism and the reality of the historical roots>> [10] and <<Russia in Chechnya the root of terrorism>> [11] focuses primarily on two papers in the Russian region of Chechnya terrorism five reasons - historical reasons: Russia, a long-standing ethnic conflicts car, for political reasons: some Chechen independence requirements of obstruction, social reasons: the local socio-economic and cultural backwardness, religious reasons: the infiltration of Islamic fundamentalism, international reasons: the intervention of external forces and condone this paper for the same two authors, and the contents of the article almost identical to explore the scope is limited to Chechnya Liu renewed in <<Russia, Islamic terrorism>> [12] mentioned in the article and the production of the Russian Islamic terrorism development of their particular social and historical and cultural background, is the result of a number of factors influence each other, including the impact of Islam in West Asia and Central Asia, fueled by international terrorist forces and the power of competition in Russia's neighboring regions, Russia's internal special socio-economic and ethnic relations and religious tensions, and so on, so weakened the ideological appeal of terrorism and eliminate its root causes to the social activities will help defeat the international terrorist forces.

(B Russian government to deal with terrorism crimes.

Xie Wei, "Analysis of the Putin government how to deal with terrorist activities in Russia" [13] a text that the Chechen terrorist forces rampant activities of the domestic spread of devil worship cult, the dangers of terrorism have given Russia's high-tech society security has brought great challenges Putin took office, the Russian government has issued a series of new initiatives, including from national cohesion, the crackdown, military research, media, diplomatic channels and other aspects to attack, to fight terrorism. Zhang Jie in <<Russian terrorist crime and counter-terrorism measures>> [14] a text overview of 2001-2003 the rapid growth of Russia's state terrorism, that terrorism and ethnic separatism complex intertwined, Chechnya region specificity of the detection rate is very low, income distribution among different sectors of the gap is too large, the lack of adequate state supervision, democracy and freedom were exaggerated and use, as well as some external factors led to the rise in crime, terrorism, proposed standards, domestic legislation, to promote democracy process, and actively fight against illegal immigration, strengthening international cooperation against terrorism. Tian Yan and Du to Welfare in <<terrorism to Russia's real threat and the Russian government's response>> [15] a text analysis of terrorism in Russia a real threat and that the Russian government's response measures: economic development, culture and education stable social order, strengthen anti-terrorism legislation, strengthening anti-terrorism mechanism, strengthen the control of the news media, to strengthen international cooperation against terrorism and so on.

(Three from a legal point of view of Russian legislation on terrorism, crime and anti-terrorism legislation in reference to China.

Criminal Law of the Miao and Tu <<Russia and Central Asian countries the Terrorism Act Review>> [16] a text that Russia and Central Asian countries have enacted anti-terrorism Law to deal with the growing terrorist threat including basic, preventive, disposal of sanctions and restoration of the content of these anti-terrorism Law, the main features as follows: adopt a stand-alone model legislation, focusing on the interface with other Laws and regulations to promote the anti-terrorism legislation mechanisms, reflecting the spirit of international cooperation against terrorism, certainly the necessity and importance of the military counter-terrorism, sought to maintain order and to find a balance between protection of human rights, etc. Xugui Min in <<On the issue of Russia's legislation on terrorism and crime>> [17] an article that the Russian government's anti-terrorism legislation to build a unique barrier, its sound system, anti-terrorism legislation, a number of charges of anti-terrorism legislation and improve the mechanism of anti-terrorism legislation. The authors also choose to outlined four of a crime: the crime of terrorism , hostage-taking, activist and social activist against the state of life crimes, attacks on internationally protected person or institution crime, further analysis of the Russian Criminal legislation to curb terrorism perfection that its China-terrorism legislation has important reference value . Xugui Min in her another paper <<Analysis of the object of the crime of terrorism - to Russia, for example>> [18] noted that the Russian academic study of terrorism and crime, with its own distinct characteristics: Russian scholars believe that the violation of terrorist crimes object of the interests of society, mainly social security and public authority work properly, the object of the crime of terrorism is a complex object violation, not a single object, the crime of terrorism is the kind of offense rather than a crime, the crime of terrorism must be given to correct positioning of the object . newer paper is He Qianshan the <<On China's anti-terrorism legislation vision - Russia and Central Asian countries revealed anti-terrorism law>>, [19] the author in the text that China's anti-terrorism legislation Work is still in its infancy, the relevant law has not been perfect, but also did not form a complete anti-terrorism legislation and therefore absorb and learn from other countries, particularly Russia and Central Asian countries the ideological essence of the anti-terrorism laws, a clear concept, promulgated special code, set up a special anti-terrorism agency and other aspects of vision, thus promoting China's anti-terrorism legislation.

In summary, the domestic Russian terrorism, Crime academic studies show the following four characteristics: (1) the researchers focused on the field of international politics and law, history of academia has not yet been systematically studied this issue, (2) the present study involved in terrorist crimes from 2000 to 2004 period to four years of Putin's first term, and few are involved in the 1990s and after 2004 results, consistent with a complete study of the history and almost none (3) even crime of terrorism in 2000-2004 study, the overall situation is also limited because measures such as research, study time, field of study are too focused on a single and, (4) As the academic community on this issue than the start of the study late, and research into the size and strength is not great, leading to a small number of scattered and the results (only a few papers published each year, which makes the study of domestic terrorism, crime, Russia can not keep up the trend, some research on the theory of the weak areas and blank spots, so we should continue to strengthen the Russian crime of terrorism research efforts, for the depth, breadth have some success and breakthroughs.

Third, the Overseas Research

Russia started the study of terrorism in the Soviet era, but the results were mainly concentrated in the Soviet Union, after the Cold War. The first issue of terrorism experts Soviet jurists Trainin (TpaHMH AH, he was released in 1956 < <safeguard peace and the fight against crime against humanity "[20], a book reveals the essence of international crime, nature and other phenomena of the status of international law, which referred to the concept of international terrorism in the next few years the Soviet Union has been published other scholars a number of books on terrorism, such as Levine (JleBMHд. ъ. published in 1996 <<State's responsibility in modern international law>> [21], a book on international terrorism made a clear definition: Terrorism is the murder of foreign diplomats and political activists of Criminal acts aimed at increasing international tensions, political and military conflict provoked Carl Peici (Kapneu и. и. published <<international nature of the crime>> [22] a book, he believes terrorism is international or national within the international nature of organized activities and other activities aimed at the formation of specialized organizations and groups, including people to commit murder and attempted murder, kidnapping ransom, the use of violence of deprivation of liberty, accompanied by degrading, torture and extortion and other acts. Moreover, terrorism is also associated with damage to buildings and other facilities of activity in 1987 Krylov (KpbuioB и. ъ. and Reshetov (PeiueTOB IO. A.) in <<the Soviet State and Law>> The second issue of the magazine published a report entitled "State terrorism is a threat to international security," a paper [23] pointed out that international terrorism many forms, their main concern is some countries do not have official relations with the people (group to commit terrorist activities.

In short, the Soviet Union during the study of terrorism has two main characteristics: First, as with the West in the ideological field of battle tools. In view of this, when the terror experts are to study international terrorism, does not involve the issue of domestic terrorism, they argued that the socialist countries do not have terrorism, and second, from a legal point of view terrorism as a special crime, which shows the Soviet scholars from the beginning of the problem of terrorism will be keen to capture the terrorist doctrine of criminal nature of terrorism in Russia inherited the Soviet-era study of basic research methods and research perspective, this is a study of Russian terrorism striking feature.

In addition to experts and scholars with a distinctive personal touch of the research, government and academia in the Soviet Union there have been more and more about the definition of terrorism. The most obvious is that after 1985, by the ideology of international relations and non- of, the value of humanity above all other political impact of new thinking, the Soviet Union's attitude towards terrorism has been very significant changes began to condemn all forms of international terrorism, regardless of their purpose and motivation. Soviet Foreign Ministry has taken such a position, but this position may be confused with justice in the national liberation movements and terrorism fundamentally different, for the Soviet Academy of Sciences Institute of State and Law made clear that the method of national liberation movements should not be regarded as a terrorist nature. [24] In 1991, not Glover (ъernIOB HC in the <<United States: economic, political and ideological>> The first issue of the magazine published "Terrorism: Exploring the solution to the problem," a text , [25] He believes that international terrorism is not a special terrorism, but domestic terrorism continues, only one country out of the door only. not the first time Glover international terrorism and domestic terrorism link and no longer completely separated the two, for the crime of terrorism after the study opened up new ideas and exploration of space.

After the Cold War, Russia, the study of terrorism during the Cold War clearly broke some idea of ​​imprisonment, continue to broaden research content and research, the results related to all aspects of terrorism, including the definition of terrorism, nature, classification, causes, countermeasures, etc. According to the author to rough statistics, Russia has dozens of books on terrorism as much as this, countless articles which are more representative: 彼得里谢夫 (HeTpиlues BE of <<on terrorism, research notes >> [26] Ustinov (YCTиHOB BB's <<the international anti-terrorism experience: standards and practice>> [27] and <<accusations of terrorism>> [28] Russia's policy research center <<super-terrorist ism: a new era of new challenges>> [29] and the "city of the terrorist threat assessment and defense>> [30], etc. In addition, Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Sociology of Conflict Studies Center Stepanov ( CTeлaHoB E. и.) editor of the <<Modern Terrorism: Status and Trends>> [31] a book, almost a collection of today's terrorism expert on the Russian representative of all the works, such as 彼得里谢夫 (rHeTpиIueB BE's "Russia's terrorism history," (иcTOpиR Teppopи3Ma B Poccии), "Nationalism in the role of terrorism" (POJIb Ha1иOHaJIи3Ma B BOCлpOи3BO4дCTBe Teppopи3Ma), "to see the event through the Yugoslav international terrorism" (rlpo6JleMa Me) K, дYHapoдHOrO Teppopи3Ma B CBeTe Co6bITиrй B 1OrOCJIaBии), "Russian legislation: Terrorism prevention" (Poccи йcKoe 3aKOHo.I aTeJmcmo: npoφиJIaKTиKa Teppopи3Ma), "foreign anti-terrorism legislation" (AHTиTeppopиCTиLIecKoe 3aKOHOдeTeлbCTBO 3a py6e) KOM), Alfred Jieye Fu ( ABдeeB1O.14. "terrorism is a social phenomenon" (Teppopи3M KaK COциaJIbHO-пOJIиTи * 3ecKoe яBJIeHиe), "Classification of terrorism" (TилoлorиR Teppopи3Ma), "the main trends in modern terrorism" (OCHOBHbreTeHдeHции COBpeMeHHOrO Teppopи3Ma), Heluo Jacobs Akhmetov (XJIOOYCTOB OM's "Mass Media and the fight against terrorism" (CpeдcTBa MaccOBOй иH4OpMawии и 6opb6a C TeppOpи3MOM and its Feiduoluofu (φeдopoB Cr co-authored the "terrorism the status quo" (Teppopи3M: peaJIbHOCTb ceroAHauHeroCOCTOAHия),伊波利托夫 (иNHOJIиTOB KX and Goncharov (roHчapoB CA co-authored the "terrorist threat in the North Caucasus region of the upgraded" (Pa3paCTaHиe yrpO3bI Teppopи3Ma B perиOHe CeBepHoroKabka3a), carboplatin Aliyev (raKaeBдд. the "development of the crisis in Chechnya new phase and terrorism "(ueueHcKийKpи3HC: HOBaRφa3a pa3BиTиA и TeppOpи3M), 纳乌米耶茨 (HayMeu Ab" religious factors on the emergence of political extremism and terrorism impact "(BJIияHиe peииO3HOrOφaKTopa Ha BO3HиKHOBeHиeпOJIиTиtreCKOrO 3KCTpeMи3Ma и Teppopи3Ma), special Ka Qinke (TKaMeHKO AR. "terrorism: the spiritual and moral dimension" (TeppOpи3M: дyXOBHO-HpaBCTBeHHbIй aCлeKT), Saar Berbatov (Cap6aToB EB) "Russian law enforcement agencies to combat the North Caucasus, struggle to robbery and hostage-taking" (rHpaBOBble лpo6лeMbl 6opb6bI C3aXBaTOM 3aJIO) KHиKOB KaKφopMOй TeppopиCTиLIeCKOй дeяTeлbHOCTи), Suvorov (CyBopoBBJI. "military operations against guerrilla violence as a peaceful form of struggle against terrorism the world experience" (MиpOBOй oлbITa HTилapTи3aHCKиX и aHTиnOBCTaHileCKиX дeйICTBий apMии KaKφOpMbI 6Opb6bl cTeppOpи3MOM) , and so on.

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com

As a result of Russia in recent years by terrorism, terrorism issue has become a hot research theorists, in addition to the above-mentioned book also published a number of other research writing, such as Nazar Kim (Ha3apKиH MB) of <<the crime of terrorism learning characteristics and prevention>> [32], Bartlett Weinuo Fu (JIиTBиHOB H.д. the <<terrorist organizations: the formation and activities "[33], Sally Moyer (CaJIHMOe KH's <<the contemporary issue of terrorism>> [34], Leah Hoff (JIsIXOB E.γ. and Popov (IIOHOBA.B.) coauthored <<Terrorism: National, regional and international control>> [35], Morozov (Mopo3oB γ . H.'s <<Terrorism: crimes against humanity (international terrorism and international relations)>> [36], 马尔琴科夫 (Map, чeHKoB B.и. edited <<Contemporary Terrorism: Theory and Practice> > [37], Zhirinovsky (жиPиHOBCKий BB) of the <<global terrorism and Chechnya>> [38] A Luqiu Ivanov (ApyTIOHOB AA's <<terrorism and terrorists: Contemporary Russian> > [39], 波列扎耶夫 (HoлexcaeB AH and Javier in (CaBeлий M. φ.) together with the <<-terrorism and counter-terrorism measures: questions and answers>> [40], Primakov ( (HpиMaKOB EM) of <<9.11 and the invasion of Iraq the world>> [41], etc. In addition to these general theoretical writings, the Russian academic community there are a lot of the Russian and Chechen terrorism, especially outside the high regional terrorist of problems of thematic writing.

Russia has a relatively strong strength of research on terrorism anti-terrorism team and some well-known research institutions, terrorism expert from the Russian Federal Security Council of Experts Committee of the State Duma, the Russian Security Service Academy, the National and International Security Foundation Chechen Cultural Center, Military History Institute and other units of Russia's most influential research institute on terror is "the global anti-crime and counter-terrorism forum" (BAAφ) and "national anti-crime and counter-terrorism forum" (HAA (φ). "global anti- Forum on Crime and anti-terrorism "was established in August 1999, meets once a year." national anti-crime and counter-terrorism forum "is based on" the global anti-crime and counter-terrorism forum "Constitution established. In addition, Russia has a special issue of terrorism research site (http://www.antiterror.ru)

Throughout the study the issue of terrorism at home and abroad, in general can be divided into three stages:

Research stage for the appearance of the first phase, researchers focused on regions of the world is the terrorist event itself, focusing on account of the incident process and analyze a specific case.

The second stage is the theory of phase, researchers have begun to different sides of the nature of terrorism, counter terrorism and other hazards, and to explore the results have some theoretical value and practical significance, but these studies is fragmented, not systematic, did not form a complete system of academic disciplines.

The third stage is to enhance the stage theory, researchers began to terrorism, the basic principles of a more systematic and scientific research and exposition, and even proposed a "terror school" or "terrorist school" (Teppopoлorия recommendations and has done to create of the attempt. the stage of the study is relatively weak, is still in its infancy.

Fourth, the Russian crime of terrorism research proposals

The crime of terrorism on Russian state and governance issues, it should be emphasized that studies the history of consistency. Dialectical materialism and historical materialism stand, viewpoint and method, analysis, research in the 1990s and early 2000s many Russian terrorism performance, from the Russian definition of terrorism, of each type of start, focused on analysis of Russia's position on terrorism, viewpoint and method to reveal the nature of terrorism in Russia, causes, and comprehensive analysis of Russia's domestic terrorism situation, the system sort out Russia counter-terrorism legislation, anti-terrorism strategy, counter-terrorism mechanisms and anti-terrorism body (including the strong departments, law enforcement agencies and military anti-terrorist operations of all sizes in the organization and implementation. should be available by the Russian research, best of complex terrorism phenomenon and anti-terrorism struggle to make their own analysis and based on the needs of our fight against terrorism, can learn to provide a reference.

Recommend the use of history, political science, sociology, criminology and other multi-disciplinary theories of interdisciplinary research methods, and strive in many ways on this basis, multi-perspective of the Russian terrorist crimes of the basic theoretical issues, criminal profiles, features, hazards and reasons for terrorism, crime and governance.

Suggested topics, research methods and conclusions, etc. to be innovative. Topics on the break through is limited to a certain period, certain aspects of the study, constructed as fully as possible the same strain of post-Soviet history of Russian terrorism, crime, research methods to avoid the past the majority of domestic translation introductory situation and strive to use a lot of Russian literature and Russian experts in research, comprehensive multi-disciplinary research methods, both macro overview, there are micro-case analysis, the valuable and innovative conclusions, attention to theory and practice, summed up Russia's response to terrorist crimes lessons for China's anti-terrorism business provides a valuable reference.


[Notes]
[1] Li Huizhi: <<counter-terrorism Studies>> People's Publishing House, 2003 edition.

[2] Hu joint: <<Contemporary World Terrorism and Countermeasures>>, Oriental Press, 2001, p. 3.

[3] Li Huizhi: "Studies on terror>> People's Publishing House, 2003 edition, p. 2.

[4] the author found that the earliest the issue of terrorism as a Tan Jingyi of the article <<On the international terrorist organizations>> contained in the <<Chinese People's Police University>> 1985 No. 1 1-2, Cen Xu Xi The <<I see the definition of terrorism>> contained in the <<University of the Chinese People's Police>> 1985 No. 4 p. 17-18.

[5] took the military, Han Ben Yi book <<International terrorism>>, China Renmin University Press, 1989.

[6] Cao Wei (translated): <<Russian terrorism - bomb explosion>> contained in the <<International Watch ", 1996, No. 6, the first 55-56 pages.

[7] Xu Guimin: "Russian terrorist crime ', Law Press, 2009 edition.

[8] Hou Yijun: <<Chechnya whole story>>, World Knowledge Press, 2005.

[9] Wang Jingwu, extension of Kingman: "Russia after the Cold War Causes of the spread of terrorism>> contained in the <<Siberian Research>>, 31 February 2004, Volume 1, p. 41-45 pages.

[10] Li Hua: <<Russian Chechen terrorism and the reality of the historical roots>> contained in the <<Nantong University (Philosophy and Social Sciences>>, 21 March 2005, Volume 1, p. 106 - 111.

[11] Li Hua: "Russia's Chechen root causes of terrorism>> contained in the <<Northeast Asia Forum>>, May 2005, Volume 14, No. 3, the first 54-58 pages.

[12] Liu resurgence: <<Russia, Islamic terrorism>> contained in the <<Russia Research "2006 2 (Total 140), the first 34-38 pages.

[13] Xie Wei: <<Analysis of the Putin government how to deal with terrorist activities in Russia>> contained in the <<Russian Studies>> 2002 1 (total 123, p. 39-44
[14] Zhang Jie: <<Russian terrorist crimes and counter-terrorism measures>> contained in the <<Russia, Central Asia, East European Studies>>, 2004, No. 1, p. 26-30 pages.

[15] Tian Yan, Du Laifu: <<real threat of terrorism in Russia and the Russian government's response>> contained in the <<Siberian Research>> 33 June 2006, Volume 3, the first 54-56 pages.

[16] Bing-Zhi Zhao, Miao Du: <<Russia and Central Asian countries Review of Anti-Terrorism Act ", in <<Law Review (bi-monthly", 2007, No. 1 (total 141, p. 109-119.

[17] Xu Guimin: <<On the issue of Russia's legislation on terrorism and crime>> contained in the <<Russia, Central Asia, East European Studies>>, 2008, No. 1, p. 30-35 pages.

[18] Xu Guimin: "Analysis of the object of the crime of terrorism - to Russia, for example>> contained in the <<Zhengzhou University (Philosophy and Social Sciences>>, 41 September 2008, Volume 5, Page No. 49-52 .

[19] He Qianshan: "On the concept of China's anti-terrorism legislation - Russia and Central Asian countries revealed the anti-terrorism law>> contained in the <<People's Armed Police College>> 26 March 2010, Volume 3 , p. 87-89 pages.

[20] Tpa13HиH AH 3aшпиTa Mиpa и Gopb6a c лpeCTyллeHияMи npoTиB чeпoBeчecTBa. M: и3д-BO AH CCCP, 1956.

[21] JIeBиH д.b. OTBeTCTBeHHOCTъ roOCyдapCTB B COBpeMeHHOM MeждyHapOдHOM npaBe. M.: и3д-BO Meж.дyHapOдHb1e oTHOIIIeHия, 1966.

[22] Kapneu 14.14. NpecTynдeHия MeжcдyHapoдHoro xapaktepa. M: и3д-BO IOpид. лиT., 1979.

[23] KpbuioB H. b., PemerOB 10. A. γocyйapcTBeHHblйTeppopи3M a yrpo3a MeждyHapoдHoй 6e3onacHoctи / / COBerCKoerocvдapcTBO и npaBo. 1987. No 2. C. 79-80.

[24] CynaTaeBa O.Aлpo6neMbi 6Opb6br c MewдyHapOдHbIM Teppopи3MOM: 3aceдaHиe YieHOro CoBera иrлAHCCCP / / CoeercKoe rocyaapcTBO и лpaBo. 1989. N 10. C. 151.

[25] ъerлOBa HC Teppopи3M: лOиCK pe1HeHиn npo6лeMbi / / CILIA: 3KOHoMиKa, noлиTиKa, w eoiiorйя. 1991. N2 1. C. 4049.

[26] 11eTPиIцeB IS.t ',.: SaMerKи O Teppopи3Me. M.: 113д-BO JдиTOpиaJI YYLl;, L001.

[27] YCTиHOB U.tf. McяiдYHapOдHbIи OnbIT OOpbObl C Teppopи3MOM: CTaHдaPTb1 и npaKTиKa. - M.: 113д-BO IVpлиTIIH4) OAM. 2002
[28] YCTиHOB U. 13. VOBиHяeTCя Teppopи3M. M.: 113д-BO VJIMA-IWLL:, 2002.

[29] CynepTeppOpи3M: HOBbIи BM30B HOBOTO BeKa./11oд oolueи peeaKдиeи AU weдopoBa. M.: 143д-Bo 11paBa HeлoBeKa. 2002.

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