On the change management adhere to strict water management efforts to achieve sustainable use of water resources Jinzhong

Paper Keywords: water resources management; water management ideas; sustainable use; Jinzhong
Abstract: change management, adhere to strict water management, sustainable use of water resources, is to promote economic and social transformation and sustainable development of important initiatives. Jinzhong with practical, on water resources, water environment, water supply and demand and a detailed analysis of existing problems. Concept from the management, development methods, changing patterns of water use in three areas proposed new flood of ideas, from total control to improve and strengthen water management, innovation in three areas to promote the mechanism of specific countermeasures.

Water is a basic human survival of natural resources, the public nature of strategic economic resources and social resources .21 century, mankind is facing continued population growth and resource shortages exacerbated by the dual pressures of increasing, especially for resource-based water shortage Jinzhong for, as urbanization and industrialization process speeds up, a corresponding increase in water demand, water shortages have become increasingly apparent. how to adhere to the scientific concept of development, changes in water management philosophy, innovation and water patterns, correctly handle the revenue and cutting expenditure, development and protection, and introducing the most stringent water management system, efforts to improve water use efficiency and effectiveness to support the sustainable use of water resources, sustainable economic and social development, in front of us to become a major issue.

1, strictly from a resource crisis in the understanding of the urgency of flood control
Current and future periods, Jinzhong and national, as in building a moderately prosperous society and accelerating the socialist modernization of an important period of rapid economic development while also facing problems with the water crisis, the challenge of co-existence. Were less than water, water space unevenly distributed, and distribution of productive forces does not match the water level is outstanding at this stage Jinzhong is Jinzhong will be facing long-term basic situation, therefore, fully aware of the importance of strict water management, both to solve the city's increasingly complex water issues urgent requirement is related to the overall development of sustainable economic and social preconditions.

First, strict water management, is to enhance the economic and social sustainable development of the fundamental requirements of human survival and development of water resources is the lifeline of the ecological and environmental controlling factor, but also to achieve sustainable economic and social development of physical infrastructure. According to the city's second water assessment results showed that nearly 20 years, the city's total water resources on average 1.09 billion m3, per 367 m3, per hectare on average 2 865 m3, the average water resources per capita and per hectare is equivalent to the national average and only average per hectare, 16.5% and 10.6%, an internationally recognized extremely dry areas of the city's groundwater extraction volume 380 million m3, while the current groundwater extraction capacity of 420 million m3, up to 110% utilization level, especially in plain areas over-exploitation has become an area of ​​910 km2. due to over-exploitation led to falling water tables, drying rivers, wetlands and a series of ecological degradation and environmental problems at the same time, water, waste, water use efficiency is low is an indisputable fact, according to statistics , accounting for 70 percent of the city's total amount of water the community's agricultural water utilization ratio is only 45% of that of developed countries 50% of industrial yuan output value of quantity of water 95 m3, more than double that in developed countries, industrial water recycling rate is only 65 % distribution network leakage rate of 20% water saving appliances penetration rate of only 60% waste water shortage and widespread phenomenon of coexistence of warning us: water issues have become the strategic goal of building a moderately prosperous society of prominent bottleneck, as major constraint to sustainable development.

Second, strict water management, regional coordination is to enhance the urban and rural areas and the urgent need for capacity development. Jinzhong is a major agricultural market, agricultural irrigation water supply for 70% of the total, while the irrigated area is less than 40% of the total arable land, Agriculture's ability to withstand drought low. to reduce the increasing population to remain under water shortage conditions and stable development of agriculture, water resources protection need strong the same time, industrialization and urbanization accelerating, the proposed water security a higher demand, urban and rural water resources management more difficult given the task of water from water supply and demand forecast analysis to 2015, the city's water demand of the industry 766 million m3, calculated according to the current water supply capacity, water 1.75 billion m3; 2020, the city's water demand of the industry 885 million m3, in accordance with the present water supply capacity, and water 294 million m3. Therefore, strict management of water resources must address water supply and demand as a fundamental way, enhance water optimum allocation of resources, overall water conservancy construction, strengthen the protection of water resources conservation, sustainable use of water resources for urban and regional sustainable development.

Third, strict water management, is to enhance people's livelihood and public service capacity of rational choice. Water is an important foundation for economic and social development, but also to protect and improve the livelihood of an important support in recent years, Jinzhong water management made significant progress, but and promote sound and rapid development of people's livelihood and water compared to the requirements, there is a large gap between the present population of the city unsafe drinking water in rural areas are still 36.2 million, part of the urban population affected by unsafe water and water quality, protection of rural drinking water safety task very difficult, and water capacity requirements of public service there is a large gap and only strict water management, the establishment of the authority of efficient, well-coordinated management system in order to fundamentally change the over-exploitation of water resources, development and low disordered level of development of the situation, in order to effectively solve their most concern, the most realistic water rights issues, in order to truly sustainable economic and social development of strong support.

2, in the restructuring and development in the flood of new ideas to establish strict
At present, China is in the traditional to modern irrigation water and sustainable water changes in the key stage to meet the economic and social restructuring and development of water resources and the new situation, we must consider the economic and social co-ordination and water conservation, water management, ecological protection of water , the implementation of sustainable development, water management strategy, focusing on the following three areas to achieve fundamental change.


First, management philosophy, we should speed up the water from water supply management to be management changes. Jinzhong water shortages, limited development potential, water use efficiency is not high, prominent environmental problems can not be set to go for the traditional to the old, must be accelerate the water demand management to water management changes in water resources planning, allocation, conservation and protection must be reflected in all aspects of the concept of water demand management, the implementation of total water control, curb irrational demand for water, improve water efficiency and effectiveness to achieve the sustainable use of water resources in agricultural water management, to establish the concept of sustainable water-saving agriculture, in the pursuit of maximizing water use efficiency while maintaining and enhancing the natural regeneration capacity of water resources, to seek coordinated development of agriculture and the common development of the region in industrial water management, to establish the concept of cost of water is in the pursuit of business efficiency, the overall consideration of water costs, water and total water enterprise products for the fixed assessment, and implementing a progressive increase fees, increase water efficiency in water management, urban life, is to establish a water-saving ideas to save money, through the implementation of tiered water pricing, water-saving awareness of the residents to gradually develop and promote water-saving society. Links to free download http:/ / www.hi138.com Second, the way in the development, to accelerate from the "over-development, sprawl" to "reasonable development, orderly development" changes in water resources development, the correct handling of the revenue and cutting expenditure relationship, the relationship between conservation and development, current and long-term relationship, overall planning, scientific proof, optimization, development objectives and the development of science to determine the size, layout optimization, attaches great importance to and properly deal with water resources development in land use, ecological and environmental protection institutional mechanisms and management issues, give full play to the comprehensive benefits of water resources, water resources development and utilization of ecological and environmental impact to a minimum. focus on the future development of water demand, based on water supply and demand balance, water resources development of Jinzhong ideas should be: "open source, cutting, pollution control, strict management" four measures simultaneously, the implementation of watershed development and water cascade comprehensive improvement of water environment, enhance the water environment carrying capacity and water project water supply capacity to meet the social development needs. On the revenue side in the construction of hydropower as the key to pine cone "four in two small" control of key projects, vigorously develop the subsurface water, river water, spring water using small water-based Koizumi, to speed up dry wall set Rain irrigation construction, water projects through the above construction, the city's water supply capacity can be added 244 million m3. the cutting area, to actively promote water-saving technology, strict control over-exploitation of groundwater Hirakawa, over exploited strictly limit new by extraction, through the construction of alternative water source projects, a gradual reduction in groundwater extraction.

Third, in the water model, to accelerate the efficient use from the extensive use of the change. To promote water-saving society, establish the concept of water conservation, promote a civilized way of water, persist in water first, pollution control-oriented, reasonable and open-source patterns of water consumption, improve water use efficiency and effectiveness. agricultural water use patterns to promote a variety of Jinzhong for intensive and sustainable and efficient water-saving mode, that is cost-effective bio-agronomic water-saving mode, mode of modern greenhouse facilities, advanced irrigation facilities in the park mode, dry areas of rainwater harvesting model, tillage erosion area pattern, forestry, animal husbandry, combined with the composite mode the same time, there must be selected to promote water-saving drip irrigation technology and other advanced models, and strive to make irrigation water utilization factor to 60%, to achieve zero growth in agricultural water for industrial water use patterns to promote water use, water recycling and other recycling mode, the yuan output value of the average quantity of water down to 40 m3 or less, recycled water utilization rate of 85%. urban domestic water to water-saving appliances in general use and to promote "a multi-purpose water" means water recycling, the average urban water supply networks leakage rate dropped to 8 percent of urban per capita water consumption control in 100 L or less.

3, the flood control measures and strict measures identify the end-result
Faced with the grim situation of water resources requires that we: must follow the scientific development concept, co-ordinate the sustainable use of water resources and sustainable economic and social development, according to strict flood control, water resources management to focus on rational, comprehensive conservation and effective protection of the.

First, total control as the core, grasp the optimal allocation of water resources. First, improving water resources planning system. Grasp the city's river basins, regional integrated water resources planning and conservation, protection and other professional preparation programs. The second is the implementation of water volume control. based on the distribution of water basin and regional water resources carrying capacity, to develop water allocation plans and water plans, to determine the different regions, different industries, different industries, water, and fixed targets at different levels, classification approval, quota management, super-fine Festival Award, the formation of a combination of constraints and incentives operating mechanism. Third is to promote water rights system. focus on three areas of institution building, that ownership of water resources management system, water rights transfer system, water market regulatory system.

Second, to improve water use efficiency and efficiency, vigorously promote water-saving society. The agricultural sector to continue to focus on large and medium irrigation and water-saving irrigation area transformation, promotion of drip and sprinkler irrigation pipe and other technologies, the development of modern water-saving agriculture, based on strengthening the assessment of water management, water resources utilization and gradually incorporated into the evaluation index system of agriculture; industrial area to optimize industrial layout adjustment, focus on high-water industry, water conservation, establish a sound water-saving product market access system and the progressive increase of water over a fixed system of urban areas of life to speed up the transformation of urban water supply networks, to enhance water supply and water management, full implementation of the ladder measured water system.

Third, reform and innovation as the driving force, and improve water management systems and mechanisms. The establishment of an integrated urban water management system, the implementation of water resources management, is to promote water-saving Jinzhong construction, an important prerequisite for sustainable use of water resources. Jinzhong existing urban and rural sub-rule, the separation of departments of water resources management system does not meet the overall fusion of water, circulating complement the natural Law, and weakens the ability of the regulatory authorities is not conducive to the optimal allocation of water resources and conservation protection. Therefore, in accordance with <<Water Law>> requirement to redefine the functions of specific job responsibilities, improve coordination and cooperation, to establish "a dragon, water management, flood control efforts," the water management system while actively promote the water industry market reform process, and gradually establish a government-led, community financing, market operation, the water companies to develop sound operational mechanisms for the sustainable use of water resources, provide an institutional mechanism for protection. Links to free download http://www.hi138 . com