Building Energy Analysis Comparison of wall insulation material

Abstract: In recent years, the energy consumption for the construction industry too has issued a series of family policy and building energy efficiency standards, building energy-saving design air conditioning energy in summer should be the main consideration in the indoor comfort without compromising on the basis of energy, ie high comfort , low energy building energy efficiency design proved to be effective in improving people's living quality of the environment, energy saving, will help alleviate the energy shortage and reduce greenhouse gas emissions over conducive to sustainable development and social economy.

Keywords: energy-efficient buildings, wall insulation; types of insulation systems, building envelope analysis of the energy losses are mainly from three parts: ① wall, ② doors and windows, ③ roof of this three-part energy-saving technologies are very important. the main direction of development: the development of efficient and economical heat insulation materials and practical construction techniques to improve the thermal envelope, insulation and airtight performance outside wall for building skin, the protection of human living space those in the southern region of the external structure of the insulation design of the main inner surface temperature is controlled to prevent the interior of the body and excessive radiation heat transfer, therefore, reduce the heat transfer coefficient from the same time, increase the thermal stability indicators, to ensure thermal stability so starting a reasonable choice of materials and construction of structural forms, required to achieve thermal insulation thermal insulation of external wall insulation system from its forms, methods, construction techniques can be divided into three major types: (1) exterior insulation, (2 external wall insulation circle, (3) external wall insulation from below according to the local climatic characteristics of the three insulation systems used.

An insulation wall insulation this approach is the first practice in the domestic implementation of the insulation. There are many specific practices, such as: a. polystyrene foam board thin plaster external wall insulation system, b. Adhesive Polystyrene thermal insulation system sizing, c. spray polyurethane foam exterior insulation systems.

But in the southern region, the exterior insulation and finish systems that exist in the actual use of the following questions:
An exterior thermal insulation system is to do the wall outside the body, so the insulation must withstand a direct change in the external environment and the outer wall decoration material weight, but the existing exterior wall material, mostly light porous material , anti-shear is low, if the brick veneer layer, may occur off the brick wounding phenomenon.

2) As the region's air pressure at sea to larger, (100m high average wind pressure 0.9 / m  2) erosion by the sea more serious, although the current practice where all added insulation cracking mortar and fiberglass mesh But in the actual project is still very prone to cracking, hollowing phenomenon.

3 As the rainfall if external decorative surface water if not handled well, once the moisture absorbent insulation material, the insulation effect will be greatly reduced.

Since then visible, exterior insulation systems and is ideal for the region external wall insulation system and therefore will not discuss here.

2 external wall insulation wall insulation in the wall structure inside the inner cover layer of insulation material, fixed by adhesive or other materials inside the wall structure. The advantage is operable, insulation materials can be free by the outdoor climate, summer rainfall, to avoid damage to insulation, humidity control, improve comfort, is more suitable for the region's insulation system.

2.1 wall insulation within the introduction and analysis of the current commonly used in the region within the insulation system are: to enhance paint plaster polystyrene board insulation system, inorganic thermal insulation within the insulation dry mortar systems, AC microcrystalline inorganic thermal insulation below from a few major physical properties of these types of insulation material for analysis (Table 1).

The wall material of hollow clay bricks 190mm 30mm thick insulation material, for example (Table 2 inorganic insulating one thousand powder mortar: a unique excellent thermal insulation, anti-aging durability, fire resistance, high compressive strength, adhesion properties, and can be Construction in dry form directly on the wall is currently the most widely used local materials, glass beads within the thermal insulation mortar is one of them. AC microcrystalline machine insulation mortar: It is kind of the ceramic, sandstone as the main bone, cement as the base material of the new generation of environmentally friendly thermal insulation. volume shrinkage rate, good crack resistance, resistance to aging.

Life with the same building, but its relatively large thermal conductivity, compressive strength is small, the weak performance enhancing impact polystyrene plaster board: In addition to the use of dovetail plate sutural cold (hot) Bridge, thermal performance, cover surface layer plaster, fiberglass mesh Bumi enhance the value of the lower shrinkage plaster, wall insulation not only ensure the strength, but also to avoid the wall cracking, and with anti-, hit performance, light weight characterized by Tables 1 and 2 can be seen, plaster polystyrene board to enhance the thermal conductivity minimum, dry density, impact performance in mesh-like wall material, insulation material thickness caused by the circumstances, enhance the plaster the lowest thermal conductivity of polystyrene board insulation works best. conclude: Enhanced plaster polystyrene board because of its density, thermal conductivity, impact resistance, high bond strength, strong adhesive, waterproof impermeable, long-term use will not produce cracks, hollowing and peeling, water retention is good, small shrinkage, freeze-thaw resistance, aging resistance, etc. should be the preferred insulation material in the region.

2.1 in the design of several parts of the 2.1.1 easy to overlook the roof parapet and parapet junction to enhance thermal insulation of the interior of the roof near the roots, if you do not take the parts of the heat treatment, the area most prone to thermal bridge pathway, leading to shed roof top of the room by the outside temperature changes affect the roots of large, often resulting return frost condensation. parapet wall cracks, parapet or even changes in component size is too large (parapet by a greater degree of solar radiation), resulting in unscheduled maintenance system damage, followed by water seepage inside of parapet and roof junction thermal insulation will help to resolve this hazard, but also to protect the main structure, to avoid cracks parapet walls for insulation here can be used to house design panel inside the roof insulation systems and insulation wall insulation system into the body. Speaking in front of the enhanced plaster polystyrene board is a good roof insulation materials within it can be within the insulation and wall insulation system to form a complete system, in order to avoid heat loss at the parapet.

2.1.2 The beam wall, within the thermal insulation at the plate in the southern region because of its indoor and outdoor temperature in winter is almost the same, but the indoor air conditioning system in summer, because the outside temperature is high, the inner surface of the low temperature, easy to form condensation water to form a thermal bridge so the bridge node to handle hot parts of the insulation structure design, to ensure the overall building energy willow to good effect.

2.1.3 house window in large numbers at the thermal insulation of residential buildings in modern large-scale use of the bay window for processing construction style, building on the landscape of interest have played a positive role, but in the actual project, many windows within the thermal insulation has not been done, pick out the bay window panels and the outside world has become a "neighborhood space" panel, where the formation of a "thermal bridge." Therefore, in the past, construction design, the need to issue a node map, to guide construction unit to complete this part of the insulation and better handling. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com 3 wall insulation system with the state from increasing the degree of protection of arable land, brick clay will gradually withdraw from long and short use (from 2009 in Xiamen no longer used), which will require a new type of wall materials to replace. the wall since the insulation system is constructed according to certain buildings, using energy-saving wall materials and supporting special mortar to the wall on body and other physical properties of thermal performance indicators of the corresponding standard character sets of the building wall insulation system of the biggest advantages is the simple use of the thermal performance of the material itself to achieve the purpose of wall insulation eliminates the need for self-Nuo insulation construction sectors, the cost relatively low.

3.1 wall insulation material from the introduction and analysis.

Wall material selection principle is the premise of ensuring insulation to reduce weight, reduce the seismic action, the greater the weight of the heart rate should use an empty small hollow block, thereby reducing the structural system of the project cost now, often months in the region Since the insulation materials are: aerated concrete block, ceramic hollow block concrete hollow block of polystyrene-ene, insulated concrete block brick sintered diatomite First, tell us about these types of materials. aerated concrete block is to be our highest month since it is a kind of insulation materials can be used alone without using other measures of wall insulation material, its bulk density of small, low thermal conductivity, but because of its high water absorption, easy to make the wall appear cracks, turning once or wall leaks by the overall energy performance will be significantly reduced. ceramsite concrete hollow block: it is too partial thermal conductivity of insulation, thermal insulation, aerated concrete is better, but far below the aerated water absorption concrete walls are damp or leaks, insulation will not change dramatically. This is, for us to Taiwanese high temperatures, humidity, rainfall characteristics of the climate is very favorable.

Polystyrene concrete hollow puzzle: a new type of insulation material, is designed by worries of three rows of holes on both sides of the hole of concrete hollow block filling ene polystyrene insulation materials, greatly increasing the thermal resistance of the wall body itself to meet local energy requirements, unnecessary to take other measures, diatomaceous earth insulation bricks with a light weight, low thermal conductivity of the advantages, but its water absorption is too high, if you want to use, there must be a better wall waterproofing.

3.2 Since the insulation system is currently in material, design, construction, re-decoration ignore the problems in 3.2.1-absorbent wall insulation since the region is used more and more use of aerated concrete block is the interior surface + leveling + interface + block + treatment agent interface treatment agent + leveling + finishes outside the practice. aerated concrete absorb water, abundant rainfall in the region, once the damp walls, the insulation effect will be greatly reduced, so the aerated concrete block is generally not susceptible to flooding in alternating warm and dry areas, such as the plinth and the following parts, the Ministry of bulk water in the wall surface, in addition to the use of wall tiles, hanging outside the stone should be used 20mm or 7mm thick waterproof mortar thick cement mortar face coupled with the polymer waterproof coating to prevent moisture absorption block, increasing the thermal conductivity, energy saving wall damage.

3.2.2 ignored all kinds of insulation brick mortar concrete block masonry is need to adopt special mortar to aerated concrete example, the level of gray ash and vertical seam seam thickness of 15mm and 20mm. general the thermal conductivity of mortar 0.93w/mk, various types of concrete block is much larger than itself, likely to result in heat loss, the entire insulation system weaknesses and therefore should pay attention to the insulation properties of masonry mortar, using small thermal conductivity of mortar, such as water glass slag paste (finely ground mineral water glass + sand + instead of ordinary mortar, its thermal conductivity is only 0.6w/mk. in masonry construction should pay attention to meet the requirements under the premise of reducing the ash seam thickness and improve the accuracy of masonry.

3.2.3 special parts of the process is still aerated concrete example. The bottom of the wall construction process requirements should assemble a sintered brick or cast concrete Hom sets, etc., height> 200mm. When the wall with insulation requirements should be used with the insulation properties of aerated concrete masonry material equivalent, or in this domain using extruded board, to ensure low water absorption and good resistance to corrosion and a stable and lasting, or likely to cause heat loss here.

3.2.4 The beam wall, within the thermal insulation at the plate to deal with such problems, you can refer back to the introduction of the insulation within the construction practice in the beam to do "ear pick" in order to reduce the loss here is not to repeat.

4 Conclusion energy through the wall above discussion, we should be the actual situation and grasp its main points can not be blindly applied to other areas of practice. With the actual works in the building skin design should maximize the use of external wall insulation within the insulation or self. For the transformation of existing buildings should be strong support, the easier and let us enjoy a comfortable life while saving energy and promoting sustainable development of society.

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