Explore agricultural machinery repair and maintenance

Abstract: This paper use and management of agricultural machinery in the process of technical maintenance and repair considerations for the content of the analysis, and repair of agricultural machinery during the cause of the accident were discussed, pointed out the need to strengthen the agricultural technical training of maintenance personnel to improve maintenance professional quality, so that farm equipment, good rates, attendance is kept at a high level, to fully play its role in agricultural production, promoting agricultural production income.

Keywords:: agricultural machinery; maintenance; repair

Agricultural machinery is a high technological content, the structure is relatively complex specialized production tools, generally operating on relatively poor working conditions, the operator of the use of skills and expertise are greatly different in quality, while, as a production tool, with the extension of the period of use, mechanical parts will be due to normal wear and tear caused by use of performance degradation, affecting normal use, so the use of agricultural machinery management indispensable in the maintenance of this part of this paper in the agricultural machinery repair and maintenance over the relevant issues were discussed.


First, the maintenance of agricultural machinery

Agricultural machinery maintenance according to the "Anti-emphasis on governance, the raising of emphasis on the repair," the principle of effective implementation of the technical maintenance of order, according to the main power machinery to determine the fuel consumption and maintenance cycle time, according to the number, according to the items, according to the technical requirements maintenance, technical maintenance standards to ensure that equipment is in good technical condition.

Maintenance of agricultural machinery used in strict accordance with the instructions and the local agricultural administration department under the content. Locomotive maintenance, senior management and maintenance should be carried out indoors under the guidance of the fuel powered machinery to do four small leak (small leak, a small leakage , a small leak, a small leakage), five net (oil, water, gas, machinery, tools), six closed (port diesel tank, gasoline tank port, oil filler, oil view ports, carburetors, magnetos), a good (good technical condition); supporting tools to implement the annual repair, do three flexible (operation, turning, lifting and flexible), five do not (not mine, not blunt, no distortion, no rust, no small pieces), a good ( Technology in good condition).


Second, the maintenance of agricultural machinery

1, from the technical aspects of agricultural machinery repair, maintenance-free design is the ideal goal, even if the required maintenance is very simple, basically do not spend time costs, but the reality is not ideal for both design and manufacturing process, the ideal work environment, ideal operating procedures and use of the ideal user, so no maintenance design can only be within a certain range of.. This agricultural machinery fault diagnosis and repair Technology made deeper and broader requirements. before is because the basic agricultural machinery by all levels of state-run agricultural station master and use, and maintenance system basically followed the former Soviet system of planned maintenance, preventive maintenance system is that a certain period of time for a major overhaul or replacement of parts, and maintenance cycles are determined based on past statistics down, so called regular maintenance.

With the development of agricultural machinery and equipment also will be the development of diagnostic techniques, diagnostic techniques and equipment and increasingly comprehensive and simple test tractor power, as previously measured power water power, and subsequently developed into simple mechanical device to the portable electronic dynamometer test power meter, so that many can only be qualitative not quantitative, will be part of the fault is more clear conclusion, reducing the maintenance of blindness and materials, human waste. This state of repair according to the method called predictive maintenance, which replaces the after the last scheduled maintenance and repair, with regular maintenance of the difference is: a time to determine maintenance activities are maintenance, a maintenance activity is to determine the status of the repair. predictive maintenance over preventive maintenance has the following four advantages: First, reduce the mechanical cause of the disaster; the second is to increase the running time; third is to reduce the maintenance time; Fourth, improve productivity, but to determine if the lack of defect detector method, or device is greater than the cost of diagnostic equipment diagnosis of the proceeds received, you should not use predictive maintenance approach.

2, maintenance of agricultural machinery from the Economic perspective, that the use of equipment, maintenance, updates can only be based on Economic life Economic life is the device also has a certain capacity, but due to loss of tangible and intangible losses, so that the equipment the use of Economic decline, if you continue to use this equipment will result in Economic losses. that is, to a certain time due to equipment running costs rising sharply, it must be repaired, so as to ensure the reasonable expenses of equipment under normal operation. Facilities per conduct such a cycle, a rise of costs on some of the previous, shorter operating cycle. After several cycles, we must consider updating equipment.

3, from agricultural machinery maintenance system management perspective, the economic activities of all management goal, agricultural machinery maintenance management is also around the central goal to carry out economic activities, which requires use of economic theory of value engineering principles and methods to study the maintenance of the economic benefits of Technology policy measures, the establishment of the economic effect evaluation index system to predict the remaining life of the device and determine the best life, life of equipment life cycle cost analysis, equipment repair, rehabilitation and upgrading of analysis and evaluation, select a combination of technical and economic optimal solution for maintenance decisions.

With the current agricultural development toward miniaturization and the rapid increase in agricultural holdings, farm machinery repair market has been rapid development, but there has also been some negative effects, quality of service during the frequent incidents of disputes and quality, against the the interests of farmers. In order to avoid and minimize this from happening, in addition to the relevant departments to strengthen management of agricultural machinery maintenance market, the farmers in the maintenance of agricultural machinery should also be rational and sensible, and effectively improve the ability to protect themselves and enhance human rights awareness. common accidents are as follows:

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com 1, debug, repair or troubleshooting does not cut off power supply
Maintenance of such incidents accounted for 25% of the total number of incidents, not cut off the power to conduct maintenance work, in fact, is a serious violation of the behavior of agricultural procedures, an accident is inevitable, although agricultural supervision department has repeatedly stressed, but many machine hand still go its own way, leading to such incidents continue to occur, such as hand harvesting, some machine operating, due to run into knife wound cut weeds, transmission or threshing and other components plug, belt off and other small faults, in order to race against time, without cutting power in the case, since the connection troubleshooting or installation, often resulting in casualties.

2, unskilled maintenance
Unskilled as maintenance mechanic, mechanical parts of the structure is not clear, do not understand disassembly tips, blind dismantle hard-mounted hard, with effort foolhardy, the consequences of one may damage the parts, and second, because if too much force wrenches and other tools detachment, often resulting in injury repair, such as a mechanic in the installation of a tractor motor, due to too much force when screwing, screw off, resulting from engine fell off, the face is broken bleeding.

3, repair is not complete, the key security components to muddle through
Tractors in rural areas are now privately owned, many machine hand just for the sake of immediate profit, repairs could save the province, usually pay no attention to inspection, maintenance, busy at the event of failure, maintenance just to fast, to take stop-gap measure way to treat the foot, resulting in maintenance of the accident-prone.

4, no driving experience mechanic
After the tractor has been repaired, usually driving about, and some cars to try to adjust the brakes and other components are in place. Some cars due to the replacement of the piston, cylinder liner, needs traction grinding media. Some mechanics can repair techniques, but the driving skills not necessarily the line. If a station run Taishan -25 tractor traction when driving mechanic driving without a license, do not brake in time, resulting hit by a car after the vehicle in front, causing the front axle tractors, tanks and other serious damage to the accident.

5, repair equipment is not good
Maintenance of good quality repair equipment is an important guarantee. Some rural service network, there is no adequate maintenance of equipment, still a major overhaul business, the formation of repair accidents, such as a Mouxiang farm machinery repair farm vehicles, hemp rope with a small jack and 485-type diesel engine will be loaded onto the cab, also not so fixed, jack slip, the entire engine back tossed away, do not pull rope being hit in the back of a mechanic's hands, fingers were smashed. profound lessons tell us that conditions are not met should not receive the overhaul of business.

Conclusion: From the above analysis we can see the accident repair farm machinery, agricultural machinery has failed to timely troubleshooting and repair, must not be afraid to spend money and let the machine sick job. Machine hand to remember, this is very dangerous, if such accident had occurred too late to regret, so the use of unusual equipment immediately after shutdown, to identify the cause and can only confirm the excluded back into production after the operation. meet her can not rule out the failure to find professionals to help solve and repair, therefore, should strengthen the agricultural technical training of maintenance personnel, maintenance personnel of the business to improve the quality of the equipment, good rates, attendance is kept at a high level, to fully play its role in agricultural production, promote increase production in agriculture.


References:
1, Zhang Jianjun, vehicle inspection and fault diagnosis [M], Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2000.

2, James Ding, the device state detection process management fault diagnosis [J], equipment management and maintenance, 2006
Links to free download http://www.hi138.com