For the Marxist ideological and political education of people learn to examine

Abstract: Marxist people learn about human existence, human nature, human nature, human activity and development of general laws of science, which is made from the philosophical to the highest level of human thinking. Ideological and political education is to do "people", we must take Marx's theory as their philosophical basis, from a philosophical perspective that clean "person." correct and complete understanding of Marxist theory who, for the new era of ideological and political education is of great significance .

Paper Keywords: ideological and political education; human science of Marxism

Marxism people learn about human existence, human nature, human nature, human activity and development of general laws of science, it is made from the philosophical to the highest level of human thinking. Ideological and political education is man's work, ideological and political education of subject and object are all human, who is also the starting point and destination, if the connotation and extension of the people are lack of scientific knowledge, it is difficult to correctly grasp the root causes of the problem of people's thinking, it is impossible to effectively carry out the ideological and political education, therefore, must be based on ideological and political education of people of Marxist theory as its philosophical basis, from a philosophical perspective that clear, "people" in order to identify the location, play a unique role in achieving should be valuable.


First, the reality people: the starting point of the ideological and political education

Since ancient times, human nature has always been a vexed philosophical problems. Ancient sages for the understanding of human nature is often motivated by prejudice or too narrow. Human nature is either good or evil, or is selfish or altruistic, either rational or irrational in Marx's theory, the reality of human nature is a category rather than a speculative category, Marx, "in the speculative end of the place, in real life before, and it describes the practice of people the actual development process of real empirical science began to place. "Marx repeated explicitly emphasized that" Our starting point is to engage in practical activities of people, ... this method of observation is not without precondition it from a realistic premise, and the moment inseparable from this premise it on the premise that people, but not in some fantasy of isolation, isolated state, but rather in a realistic under certain conditions, can be observed through the experience of the development process of the people. "Marx said," real people "is subject to" their productivity and the corresponding contacts of a certain development "that is, material living conditions of the constraints of people, such a person belonging to a certain social patterns and social structure, with reality of social productive forces and production relations, the economic base and superstructure, social existence and social consciousness of the contradictions blend together, is specific, experience.

The traditional ideological and political education of man as a "ready" beings, is a plain, can a rational, conceptual approach to be the object of contemplation. People learn to use the Marxist perspective to reflect on the traditional idea political education, we must first clear who is the real starting point of the ideological and political education, ideological and political education as provided the basis and prerequisite. Marx's particular emphasis on human nature is real, concrete. people are not before us as a recognized know there are ready-made objects, but to survive and expand their activities in the emerging of a historic special beings.'s self expression and self-generation is the same process as what kind of person, and how he totally " performance of "their lives together, complete with his" production "is consistent from this sight to understand, apparently ideological and political education must be regarded as a" living actors "rather than a knowledge-based" ready-made beings ", but can not use logic and intellectual knowledge of object-oriented approach to education, but rather should be based on the nature of human reality, the reality of human existence from the activities to understand the ideological and political education, although education is an ideological and political kinds of mental activity, but it is not based on a subjective concept as a starting point and goal, and it is based on real social life, serving the needs of social practice in real life because of China's socio-economic composition, organization form of employment, interest and means of distribution of diversity, affected people thinking about the issue, often from the social reality of the perceptual cognitive draw their own ideas and views that the right, so there is in terms of ideology very different, which requires the ideological and political education should not only pay attention to the guidance of scientific theory, we have to face the new era of social reality, based on practical, common features for people's thinking and personality differences, to distinguish between levels, using different methods, targeted to solve people's real life problems that exist. In short, the object of ideological and political education, defined as real, living person can more clearly understand the nature of man is the measure without any a priori restrictions apply everywhere but can "own" scale, to create their own life, will gain a deeper understanding "of history is nothing but the purpose of pursuing their own activities of persons only." Therefore, grasp the ideological and political education of the people learn the core and critical perspective.


Second, the main body of people: the real purpose of the ideological and political education

Marxism, with special emphasis on people who learn the subject, that human activity is free and conscious human development of a free state, with the initiative.'s Subjectivity is to create their own history in the activities demonstrated by the initiative , creativity and autonomy. where initiative is one of the most basic meaning of subjectivity, creativity is a practice based on the reality of transcendence, autonomy is one of the main body of the highest level. from the nature of human development people, that is to establish the dominant position in practice, to play the main role. subjectivity in a sense can be said that the most essential human attribute. focus on human subjectivity is Marx's "new materialism" is different from the old materialism A remarkable feature of Marxism Marx has always been opposed contempt for people, as opposed to just a man "means" and advocated "human beings are subject," including education and being educated, everyone has its own different subjectivity, human personality and human subjectivity is always unity, the stronger the person's subjectivity, the individual is also stronger, and vice versa.

The traditional ideological and political education, as educators, as the only main ideological and political education is understood as the educator's activities, and ignore the ideological and political education, educated in the process of subjectivity, neglect of personal material and cultural needs and rights of freedom and democracy, the educated only as a passive object of education, access to education, teaching and being taught to become a master-slave relationship, the object of education in the process lost the dominant position which will inevitably lead to ideological and political education in the doctrine of command, to force subdue and one-way injection, not educated to become independent, there is no autonomy, lack of creativity of the object of education, educated people seriously hurt in the ideological and political education initiative, weakening the effect of ideological and political education.

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com market economy calls for human subjectivity and play the full development of the knowledge economy era has come, it's the subject of the proposed development of new, higher requirements, requires that people have a strong sense of innovation, energetic spirit of innovation and a strong ability to innovate has always been able to maintain strong creativity. ideological and political education to meet the needs of knowledge-based economy, we must actively play themselves in the human body sexual development in the unique role of ideological and political education process is in accordance with social requirements of educators to actively organize the implementation of the education process, but also the ideological basis of education and the object based on its own internal needs, through their active, dynamic selection, the impact of education, At the same time self-education process. Here, education and self-education in the education process coexist and dialectical unity together. the ideological and political education is to improve people's quality of external and self-education is to improve the internal ideological and political quality, and only the combination of both internal and external aspects in order to achieve the aim of education. people are active subjects, the result of human activities, depends largely on the activities of the subject itself, therefore, to fully respect the dominant position of the educated, to arouse their consciousness, to improve the participation of the educated, and actively promote them through their own "free conscious activity", the dynamic selection of the impact of education, but also actively and consciously self-education, self-conscious in terms of social demands to shape their own good moral character.


Third, people's needs: the ideological and political education of the human character

Marx believed that "as a natural existence, but also as a living natural existence", with natural forces, vitality. "Gifts and talents as these forces, as a desire in the human body," and the performance of human needs. People need is diverse, Marx said: "In the real world, individuals have many needs." "need" is a complex, multi-level, multi-factor systems, different "needs" structure, showing an individual's mental state and level of development, people's behavior and tendencies of a different nature.'s enthusiasm comes from the people's needs, need more intense the higher the positive. "No need, no production", "People are fighting for all are related to their interests. "people need is human nature to meet the legitimate needs of the inalienable rights. suppress the legitimate needs of all are contrary to human nature, are fundamentally denied the people themselves. Marx fully need to affirm that people's enjoyment of rationality, Engels also severely criticized the kind of "ascetic training hard, and ban all enjoyment of life Spartacus-style communism."
Concerned about the ideological and political education, human needs, human care, which is the basic character of the ideological and political education, emphasizing the ideological and political education of humane care, education, human needs naturally became the object of concern for the traditional ideological and political education, the political sermon as a CD an educational content, but the material needs as a root of all evil, only emphasizing the need for unilateral, as long as a firm and correct ideals and beliefs, all problems solved, ignoring the people's minds mainly because of their real life difficulties arising from the fact that led to the ideological and political education in the development of the content is too idealistic, political, becomes a single and weak. people-oriented ideological and political education must focus on human needs, attention to human needs, the needs of researchers meet people's needs.'s needs, including material needs and spiritual needs is the primary material needs, which is a subject of the decision of the biological properties of native, must give priority to meet the needs of the pursuit of material interests promote the development of production and the basic impetus to social progress. Ignore or deny the people's material needs, pay attention to physical forces play the role of ideological and political education is wrong. Ideological and political education must uphold the Marxist principle of material interests, from people's actual needs and people's vital interests, to understand people, caring people to help and educate people in addition to material needs, human beings have a variety of other social needs, including spiritual needs, the needs of social order, moral convictions needs and other needs due to people's needs meet the needs of nature and the way that people would combine in some form, fundamentally determines the people are social beings, always in a certain social relationship, always expect personal and social construct a line between harmonious relationship between human right, it is these needs constitute the individual and social development of spiritual power. Accordingly, the modern ideological and political education should pay attention to the spiritual needs of people starting to cultivate the inner person, either from the aims of education, education content or from the education process should reflect the individual in the social activities of the value and dignity, to meet human needs in the spiritual reality, so as to promote personal and social development to provide spiritual power.


Fourth, the value of people: the ideological and political positioning of the value of education

Marxist people learn that the human values, including the social value and personal value two aspects, namely: respect for the individual and the community to meet the individual responsibility and contribution to society so-called respect for the individual and society meet, is individual personality and social respect for the rights of the individual material information reasonably likely to meet with the so-called personal responsibility and contribution to society, including the individual's social material and spiritual civilization and political civilization of responsibility and contribution they are complementary, dialectical unity. Marx's theories on human values, the values ​​of modern ideological and political education establishment has an important guiding role of ideological and political education is to meet people's thoughts, positions, viewpoints, issues at the core of a social practice, which both meet the needs of the community aspect, there are aspects to achieve individual needs, therefore, ideological and political education is an objective standard of value, it is the social value and personal value of unity. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com traditional ideological and political education in values, the value of one-sided pursuit of social goals, educational goals are too idealistic, ignoring the realization of personal value, alienation of the ideological and political value of education in a long period of time, we only emphasize the "human nature is the sum of all social relations", awareness of the value of people largely confined to "an individual's social value" of the "one-way positioning" mode of being, very little recognition and promotion of "personal self-worth," always consciously or unconsciously, will it be compared with the values ​​of the bourgeoisie. Reflected in the ideological and political education, the performance of one-sided emphasis on community-based innate rationality, though also know that "everyone is free and all-round development of human freedom and comprehensive development of the premise," but in practice, but more emphasis on the individual's social obedience and recognition, ignore or even deny the individual self-worth, denied a legitimate personal needs of social and personal antagonism, which eventually led to the main object of the practice can not possess the survival and development of the inner body need personal values, the nature of the power of alienation that people's initiative, enthusiasm and creativity has been suppressed, weakening the ideological and political education to meet the objective of personal development needs of their function and value, which led to the single goal of ideological and political education technology, methods of simplification, empty of content, a serious impact on the effectiveness of ideological and political education, ideological and political education, resulting in a lack of vigor and vitality.

Establishing the modern values ​​of ideological and political education, we must put human values ​​on the relationship between the individual and society to understand. First, the methodology, just as Marx emphasized is not the abstract study of the human person and nature, we can not establish the ideological and political education in the abstract values, but must put it in reality, contemporary material production activities of people to explore the environment. Second, in theory, the interaction between the individual and the historical environment, created by each other, We study the values ​​of modern ideological and political education core concept, we can not only neglected the importance of individual and society, and not only attach importance to social and neglected individuals, should be inclusive, and fusion, we should focus on the human individuation and social development of the internal unity, focus on the individual and society both mutual promotion and coordinated development, to explore the ideological and political education in the modern concept of core values. ideological and political education, the value lies in its practical activities for social development and all-round development to meet the needs of nature and of size, therefore, only the ideological and political education based on scientific theory of value based on, and that this particular practice runs through the promotion of social development and the comprehensive development of unity among the historical process, in order to social needs and individual needs of development.


Fifth, the full and free development: the ultimate goal of the ideological and political education

"Human development" is Marx's life has always been an important issue of concern. Realization of man's freedom of individuality, free development of Marxism and the struggle of life worked goal in Marx's view, the all-round development is a reality for every of people out of a variety of internal and external constraints, resulting in social relations, ability, personality and other aspects of quality and access to a general increase with development. the comprehensive development of human nature to focus on the overall wealth and display, is a human right the nature of the full possession of their own state, with its emphasis on the social level. the free development is based on the comprehensive development based on the free development of personality, also refers to unite the individual joint control and domination of their social relations, the common ability to control the outside world, the actual development of the individual played a role in promoting, thus making the conscious, voluntary, self-development. the comprehensive development and free development of each premise, and promote each other from the human development law point of view, the comprehensive history of free development is a process that is essentially human history, social practice continues to expand.

The traditional ideological and political education in the training objectives, pay more attention to personal and social development of the social function, ignoring the ideological and political education in the promotion of personal development of individual capabilities, training and shaping it is obedient, obedience, humility, restraint and selfless image , and reflect people's creative personality and creative ability of the skepticism and criticism, independent, self-struggle, and so often neglected and therefore, the traditional ideological and political education course conducive to social stability, it is easy to stifle people's initiative and creativity , suppressed the development of the individual, creating a one-sided development of people, according to the Marxist theory of human requirements, ideological and political education of the target system, from "moral-based" to "capabilities-based" progressive order to achieve the comprehensive development of so-called comprehensive development, as opposed to the development of one-dimensional terms, the fundamental is that people and the world, subject and object, and their inter-relationship between objects is multi-faceted, multi-dimensional, multi-.-round development of the real is a comprehensive human capacity development is to promote competency-based human science of Marxism for contemporary ideological and political education under the core content of ideological and political education, the ultimate goal is to foster a harmonious personality-rich, all-round development of the new. ideological and political education and Chengdu people is not to like building from a "mold" in the carved out, but to develop a distinct personality traits and good qualities of the modern citizen, they can not only play a role in society, with social development and the requirements of the times consistent moral character and its own unique personality to social change and transform the environment, which requires the ability of contemporary ideological and political education based around the core to expand in-depth educational content to achieve by the training and shaping the "moral person "to develop and shape the" capacity "and the progressive and convergence, the true realization of the establishment of an independent personality in social relations, to strengthen the individual from dependence on the organization, constraints, personal interests and desires of the traditional ideological and political education to establish each person's independent personality to social responsibility, everyone is seen as the main body of the community, achieve all-round development of the contemporary ideological and political work of transformation.

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com