Library Electronic Resources procurement strategy analysis

Abstract: The procurement of electronic library resources, analyze electronic sourcing problems, proposed procurement of electronic resources should adhere to the principles and a number of strategies and measures. How can the lowest paid, the introduction of the museum to purchase the most suitable high-quality network database, we need to be attention.

Keywords: libraries, electronic resources, electronic databases, procurement

First, the e-sourcing approach
1 library alone purchase. Silos purchase is by a single library and database vendors for discussion and negotiation to purchase the required database due to the special nature of the database, some databases are not completely replace the product, difficult to bidding so shop around to expand the full competition such as the company's Articles <<China Conference Papers>> database, because no other effective alternative products, it is in the procurement of electronic resources such as these generally use direct procurement method.

(2) invited tenders law. Invite tender is tender to the invitation to tender and invite specific legal persons or other organizations to pArticipate in bidding, it is more for emergency procurement or related to some high-tech products or alternative products and number of not much of a procurement method now can be used to purchase e-books purchased this way.

3 Group, the purchase method. Group Procurement is composed of a number of library volunteer resources to purchase an electronic form, that the library purchase electronic databases, through the organization focus groups carried out negotiations with the database, saving customers significant time and money to avoid the business all broken up, and can help improve services and promote the database provider. This approach not only provides a wealth of cheap digital resources and services, and sharing of resources to achieve the goal, is the most economical and most Welcome to the library as a form of general group purchase can usually get 30% to 50% discount, but not yet included in the scope of government procurement.

Second, problems in procurement of electronic resources
Although the library procurement database a variety of ways according to local conditions, but there are still some to be desired. First, the direction of development in the digital library Chengwei the context of each library are trying to increase their own digital collections, bulk purchase of electronic resources, resulting in duplication and waste of resources, such as world-renowned ELSEVIER database, there are 158 libraries across the country have followed, the uneven quality of the database The database contains the standard literature vary by library , the rationality of knowledge structure has been widely questioned, and precision inspection database and check all rates and no guarantee the services provided by the database is relatively simple, mostly journal Articles, dissertations difficult to obtain, the standard literature, patent literature. Finally, the library literature out of proportion to the price of funding the database and many libraries even renew the original database can not be maintained, did not plan to purchase a new database, so how can the lowest paid, the introduction of the purchase to the most suitable for high-quality network database, the museum is that we need to be attention.

Third, the principle of purchasing electronic resources
1 cost-effective. To the smallest possible cost to obtain the greatest possible benefits, is a basic library law of economics. Cost-effective standard is based primarily on: electronic resources and the price of printed documents / Information ratio, ordering print journals buy on-line retrieval services and the price of electronic resource use efficiency and results were retrieved. This evaluation involves the establishment of electronic resources.

2. Demand principles and establish "the reader first, users first" procurement philosophy, the question of the purchase of the database so that the reader should be involved, not just by the subject experts to determine, because the merits of the performance of a database, content meets the requirements of readers, readers have the final say. Typically, the supplier of the database produced by the first readers of the library open to the trial period, the library should be through the trial statistics and carefully on the network database to compare the content and features analysis, carefully research the reader in the database free trial usage of the database to understand the reader feedback, and timely contact with the network database, to solve the problems found in use, and strive to achieve the best level of service.

3 systematic principle. The principle of systematic procurement of electronic resources is divided into two areas. First, the library's electronic resources by purchasing the proportion of subjects covered should be appropriate to meet the development needs of key subjects on the basis of taking into account the needs of the general discipline, At the same time to take care of the needs of readers at different levels, not only to purchase authoritative, professional database of high academic value in order to meet the needs of teachers, teaching and research, to buy the integrated class and application class resources to meet student readers improve the knowledge structure, improve the overall the demand for quality and professional skills, try to avoid a loss, structural imbalance to happen. Second, the coordinated development of resources with the paper, and properly handle the relationship between the two, to avoid duplication of resources, so each can complement each other in the types, form each other, to maximize resources to meet the needs of readers of literature.

4. The principle of coordination of Electronic Resources purchasing process, involving multiple depArtments to the library, the use of a variety of resources, so the library in the procurement process, should be involved in different depArtments, human resources, hardware and money budget and other unified arrangements to ensure that all departments, a variety of resources to complement each other, coordinated operation, to maximize procurement efficiency.

Fourth, the e-sourcing strategy
1 to develop a scientific electronic collection development policy. Electronic resources collection development policy of the library about selecting, purchasing, use of electronic resources, a set of principles, standards and regulations with the printed Information resources compared to electronic resources have different procurement, processing, organization, use of the environment, and service practices, the development of electronic library collection development policy will help build a scientific, rational and practical electronic collection system of the United States the vast majority of university libraries in the Library's home page posted on the "electronic collection development policy ", while China has not yet appeared, it proves that Chinese libraries on collection development policy is not enough emphasis in the" electronic collection development policy ", the digital resources of the selection criteria is essential. This standard generally requires considerations: the needs of museum users, the database covers range of topics, whether resources are repeated, convenience and other factors which should focus on strengthening the construction of digital collections feature documents, on the one hand to avoid unnecessary duplication of collections and waste, ease funds, other professional literature to ensure the integrity of the system and improve collection quality.

(2) a clear division of roles and responsibilities of various departments. According to the library's organizational structure, the establishment of a curator and director of electronic resources by the relevant departments responsible for procurement and the buyers and others who participate in the procurement team, their clear division of responsibilities. Curator in charge is responsible for overall procurement of electronic resources to grasp full implementation, the organization of procurement work team meetings, supervision and coordination of all aspects of the normal operation of the procurement, Reference Department or digital resources, the Ministry of Information Ministry to undertake research related to electronic resources to collect Information about the school's resource preferences of users, organizations resources to try and organize the trial report, is responsible for arranging resources, advocacy training, analysis and evaluation of the overall resource utilization and write analytical reports, proposals submitted to the procurement of resources, answers to user-related consulting, etc., technology or automated electronic resources to assist the Ministry of network Information, links, and related technical support, provide information about device configuration parameters, installation and maintenance of CD-ROM or local image resources, manage user privileges, use of electronic resources to provide statistical data to answer the technical aspects of electronic resources consulting work, to the press department responsible for the paper documents and electronic resources to check the weight and the ratio of the mining report and submit to participate in e-resource assessment and contract negotiations, is responsible for the sub-series CD-ROM collection of resources and so on.

3. A reasonable evaluation of the mechanism of electronic resources. How scientific evaluation of database resources the library sector has been committed to research problems, there were no sophisticated database evaluation criteria, but the industry are more recognized and accepted in two ways: to determine the method of indicators and user satisfaction survey. indicators to determine in general is through the exponential demand, cost-effectiveness index, databases, and authoritative index of academic value index, system technology index, after-sales index comprehensive evaluation of several aspects of the user satisfaction survey method is interviews, consultation, questionnaires and other sources to get readers to take the initiative to approach the evaluation of the database The user satisfaction survey methods in measuring the electronic resources most qualitative indicators, more objective, specific features and ease of operation. I believe that the indicators used to determine the method for pre-order database and a database of evaluation criteria have been purchased, while user satisfaction survey rule can be used to evaluate the database has been purchased, that the library purchase new electronic resources in use for some time , interviews with staff to further through statistical data, surveys of students use of resources, follow-up of professors and experts and students related to the user to see whether the new database and set the school's professional development, compliance with requirements of the library's collections, customer satisfaction How so, combined with the price of the database assessment database, the cost-Links to free download http://www.hi138.com 4. vigorously promote resources sharing and group purchasing. sharing can not only use less funds have more resources and avoid duplication of procurement, promote interlibrary exchange, but also conducive to the maintenance of databases and services. I believe that the region as a unit, a number of libraries to unite and jointly financed the purchase of a database, or each libraries purchase Yibu Fen, unified in a mirror site, common use, sharing of resources really is a good choice. This sub-Mai Heyong or together to buy share of the procurement method especially for expensive foreign language database, the Group purchases not only the price concessions, but also conducive to after-sales service, more importantly, can promote intra-group inter-library advocacy, training and the exchange database, will help improve staff business level, to improve library quality of service, but also promote resource sharing in China, the Group currently used form of electronic resources is mainly CALIS. Currently, CALIS member libraries have jointly purchase of dozens of foreign language database, discounts up to 65 percent. In addition, the Library Electronic Resources Coalition (Library Consortia as a sharing of resources, the organization of mutual interest more and more libraries are concerned.

5 analysis, design, price structure and pricing of electronic resources model. Generally speaking, the price of electronic resources including electronic resources, the content of the composition fee and access fee of two parts in some pricing model, the buyer does not need to pay the costs of electronic resource content , pay only electronic access fee, electronic access fee pricing is also a variety of calculation methods, for example, the content of electronic resources can be calculated as a percentage fee, also based on the number of concurrent users and the size of institutions (ie, FTE: Full-time rather, Full-time equivalent is calculated based on FTE pricing model is based on institutions to determine the number of potential users of a pricing model. This pricing model based on the size of agency fees, larger institutions, the higher the cost in the number of concurrent users based pricing model, the simultaneous use of an electronic library resources to determine the number of users, the greater the number of concurrent users, the higher the price. In general, the FTE-based pricing model, providers of electronic resources resources generally do not limit the number of concurrent users, but for medium and large scale institutions to FTE pricing is the cost will be high, so the library should be based on body size and intensity of resource use to determine the use of FTE pricing or valuation of concurrent users In the case of relatively large-scale institutions, the intensity of resource use as a benchmark, if a user of electronic resources is relatively high intensity of use, more cost effective pricing to FTE, if strength is weak, then take the number of concurrent user pricing in body size is relatively small, if the user is relatively high intensity of use, more cost effective to FTE pricing, if you use the strength is relatively weak, FTE pricing and valuation of concurrent users can be.


References:
[1] Jin Huang.. On the standardization of procurement of electronic resources [J]. Library Forum, 2008, (1).

[2] Wang Xiaohui. University Library electronic literature database procurement strategy [J]. Library and Information Science, 2003, (4).

[3] Cai Xiaoqing. Library Electronic Resources Procurement [J]. University Library, 2004, (5 Links to free download http://www.hi138.com