Finance on land \ land transfer

Editor's note: Over the past 30 years, in a market economy reform, China has experienced rapid economic growth and profound social change. Land issues with these changes taking place in the far-reaching impact on all aspects of the Chinese desire for continued economic development, and to maintain social stable, while in the process, the allocation of land rights and security must become a significant weight. In local government revenue, the land tax has been the highlight of the relationship between governments at all levels, it also plays a very subtle role. Land-related matters and its financial arrangements with financial stability and growth of the relationship between the increasingly the more closer.

China's 旧城区改造 demolition, or takeover of agricultural land there has been a big problem, the government intensified in recent years forced acquisition of land, has become the most important source of social conflicts. For those who can be called "blues" of people to said housing and land is their moral rights, right to life constitutes an essential, however, China's unique dual land system, hindering the normal transfer of land, in this market, due to instability, lack of policy support, legal constraints and other reasons, the value of land has been greatly underestimated. Government to grant land use rights has been far from satisfying people's needs, gradual reform of the land transfer is being quietly, house property market is still prosperous.


Address the land issue - seriously!

30 years, China has undergone major changes in rural areas: the dissolution of the commune, the peasant household responsibility system reconstruction, 30 years later, with the expanding agricultural commodity, the farmers began to urban migration, rural life in China is facing another significant changes, however, change seventh Rural Affairs is particularly difficult: cadres and farmers over land rights, rural and urban areas to expand the income gap between the sparking social discontent, the city refused to provide community services to rural migrants.


Why at this time?
China's leaders chose to focus on rural issues at this time, many reasons in recent years, "mass incidents" occur frequently. With the agricultural tax was abolished in 2006, local cadres and farmers around the conflict between the main land expropriation, according to Hong Kong <<Daily>> said, "hatred of the rich emotional hatred officer" has reinforced the trend. Similarly, <<Weekend>> report, the Ministry of Land, "received hundreds of thousands each year from farmers complaint. "and the resulting conflicts accounted for as much as 65% of group events. However, policy makers are worried not only the problem of social order according to <<Hope>> Weekly reported that China's economic growth, urban residents seek a better diet, which has been in raising demand for agricultural products, which in turn price increases and to promote the growth of imports of Chinese imports of agricultural products in foreign countries with approximately 30 million hectares of land, while taking into account China has about 1.2 million hectares of arable land, this proportion is considerable.

In addition, the income difference between rural and urban areas has caused considerable discontent in rural areas, and this the only solution is to create an "equal treatment of urban and rural workers," the system. <<Hope>> magazine said, it is necessary "so long into the urban employment and residence rights of migrant workers in the social, lifestyle and other aspects of a comprehensive transformation of the public to the city." In other words, necessary to emphasize that the problem account, it is the household registration system, Chinese citizens will be classified as " rural residents "and" urban residents ", resulting in a dual society and economy. Finally, for the central leadership, in launching the 30th anniversary of the rural reform, Xiaogang Village, back, back to the origin of this symbol of the reform , the temptation is irresistible.


Ownership issues
Perhaps the most sensitive and need to negotiate the problem is the ownership of no doubt, some social reformers had hoped to be able to tackle this problem the plenary session, as did forest tenure reform. Shangquan well-known reformers to the Hong Kong Phoenix Satellite TV said: "If you allow farmers to sell land, their incomes will increase - as well as the mainland will increase the demand of other goods and services." Similarly, the sociologist, said Yu Jianrong, the land should "truly become farmers property ", which is conducive to the relative concentration of land in addition, if farmers choose to sell the land, the land transfer from the income from property can be obtained for the farmers to the cities.

For the cadres and peasants in rural areas to make up for the imbalance between the clear ownership also crucial. Clearly, the relationship between cadres and farmers groups, the crux of the event, the reason is simple: the existing system, the ownership of land "collective", but farmers can not and potential buyers of land on the basis of equality of bargaining, so the farmers can not sell the land at high prices from the benefit will be resentment from the sale of land to benefit the local cadres.


Revelation
In many ways, a gradual transfer of land reform is a bottom-up action: businesses rely on the help of the local government, the farmers out of the land, pay meager compensation, and established on commercial farms in the land. Now, the central government do its utmost for the orderly transfer of land rights of rural and urban areas and the prospect of gradual integration outlined in this process, the Government try to balance the relative resistance value on the one hand, the government sought to farmers to ensure their right to land contractual will continue on the other hand, the government urged the consolidation of land, so that commercial agriculture to development, the Government try to avoid the rapid development and urbanization (leading to a trade-off between the wishes of the slums in addition to the land in rural areas, problem, can not but stress the household registration system, but the system is rooted in the Chinese political system (deep and control mechanisms, only the incremental changes. Taking all these competing interests, the selection of the Communist Party issued a document carefully as no surprise However, to avoid the problem of ownership, so that farmers from the local Communist Party officials and businesses unable to resist the pressure, leaving the system in the face of economic pressures seem to have been frequently compromise, which appears to be a secret, it seems to solve long-standing Chinese farmers in rural conflicts and problems to be deprived of their rights. But Still, the land contract by announcing the "long-term change," and asked the orderly transfer of the land market, the Communist Party has begun approaching the issue of ownership, and perhaps also for the future more major changes on the road.

China's "fatal problem."

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com China's 旧城区改造 demolition, or takeover of agricultural land, while adhering to the principles of fair and reasonable compensation, there has been three critical issues: first, because immature real estate market and non-standard, the country has been without a ready-made form of a fair market price can be convincing, and the second, the demolition compensation price and the sale price between the developer and then a serious asymmetry in the third , the local government obviously get arrested in a huge house demolition in the direct interests.

Obviously, when accounting for the house relocation compensation cost value, cover immediately after the new houses sold in accordance with the market, which the demolition is not fair, this is abnormal and pathological in the market, not a fair market price based on fair compensation. If the combined factors of collusion, by its nature is tantamount to a disguised form of robbery.

In a society ruled by law, the judiciary had to resolve social conflicts, social equity and justice for the most effective means, but in China, many ordinary people just feel that this is not fair, but that is not fair do not understand the reason. So they use non-rational means to fight the blind, the result is deplorable above description can generally be demonstrated China's domestic house demolition and land acquisition status.

Some friends gave China's official overseas offer, when a developing country per capita income hovering around U.S. $ 1,000, the local government to carry out large-scale urban planning and construction period of the best, because at this stage of the demolition of the lowest costs and legal costs which The subtext is nothing more than that, this period is still in the demolition of the vulnerable groups and ignorant of the state.

Perhaps this is not an ulterior motive or not without basis in fact (for example, Japan, Korea and Southeast Asian countries in the 1960s during a large-scale urbanization of experience), but we must remain vigilant to this that in recent years, we treat vulnerable groups, and other issues see the greed and brutality of capital has been
We are not a perfect market economy, revealed the dirty face of the curb side of the capital of the greedy and brutal efforts have been gradually coming into view.

Property sub-size
Current status of small property law set the tone for the official, in fact, the current legal system design and spirit of the Constitution and this concept is unknown the inevitable result of the lack of alternative Government forcibly from the farmers at every turn acres of land, and then a huge arbitrage high resale real estate developers farmers have only been minor except the right to use subsidies, has been completely deprived of opposition questions, equitable benefit-sharing rights, and landless peasants, and many other aspects of the social security requirements can not be truly implemented there in the hands of the farmers with the land remaining for revenue-generating attempt was stifled under various names, developers and government increasingly plump, the relative poverty of small farmers is still a long road, house property indeed abnormal development of collective ownership of agricultural land in China is another reality show.

Surrounding suburban counties around the country especially in major cities to village collective, the collective name of the township building of varying scale, different shapes of real estate projects in the past decade is an unstoppable trend to grow, although strictly prohibited by the state and has " warning to others "to selective removal of a number of unsold properties off, but until now, this is called rural property room, property room or a small village house property commercial residential project in the national real estate market is still in circulation accounted for a substantial proportion of transactions Guangzhou, Wuhan, Beijing representative of features and more. Beijing, for example, Tongzhou, Changping, Huairou, Miyun, Shunyi, Shijingshan, and other counties there were number of different, do not make the same presentation of small property items, and these Ministry of Land and the award does not have the so-called commercial real estate license, basically less than half the average price of Beijing City real estate prices even more open to sell.

Recently, the Ministry of Construction of house property buyer and seller restrictions both relevant approvals Although Hetui little buyers, but large foreign population and the Beijing Second, Third and Old Town evicted and living conditions of limited economic pressure, is still small property room favor for me. With the accelerating pace of urbanization, the real estate market prices abnormally high, the Government to promote affordable housing, limited to two rooms, and other low-cost housing to meet the housing needs of low-income families in the action, although the good intentions bitter, but with little success, even in practice, completely changed the taste, basically did not play a strong role of social housing security can be said that small property in the foreseeable future, the market potential remains strong.

"Buy a small property, are for their own lives, plan day after the resale, the general direct elections big production." Some analysts said that "the center of Beijing, some families only 10 square meters of housing, the government even give him a square demolition m 3 million, but also a total of 300,000, the money can only buy a small property to the suburbs. "

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