Institutional change from the Perspective of Fuzhou Economic Development Analysis

Abstract: In this paper, based on the theory of institutional change, analysis of the system on Economic growth. Before the reform of property rights ambiguous because "free rider" behavior and inefficient Economic system led to Fuzhou slow Economic growth, while the reform and opening up the market Economic reform, the household contract responsibility system, distribution according to the employment system and relatively free Economic system that promotes the rapid Development of Fuzhou Finally article Fuzhou in recent years due to the economic path dependence of institutional change caused by barriers from the formal system and informal systems of two aspects of the analysis, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions put forward.

Keywords: institutional change system Fuzhou system supply gap
First, the reform and opening up economic Development of the system constraints
First, the loss of ambiguous property rights incentives. After the founding of New China, China copied the Soviet model, one-sided emphasis on the role of public ownership, the whole people resulting in no real all, the ultimate system for the supply of labor dislocation led people to lose enthusiasm; Second, egalitarianism led to "free rider" behavior in all areas of social After the socialist construction "Great Society" idea appeared unrealistic impatience behavior, especially in the one-sided pursuit of the Great Leap Forward, "a sophomore public," the size of the blind expansion of the monitoring costs rise, to the "free rider" behavior to create profit space, reducing the efficiency of production, and finally, the low efficiency of resource allocation system has led to an increase in transaction costs. planned economy to a market economy while avoiding the blindness and uncertainty, and to become more equal distribution of income per capita, but integration was too broad, too dead tube, people lose not only a positive initiative, and because the planning process and plans for the lag caused by diminishing marginal utility of a significant increase in transaction costs.

Second, the reform and opening up the system of incentives
(A property rights system changes to the pricing lever to play the role of resource allocation
Property changes the proportion of non-public economy and the rising role of .1981 years <<further improve the urban labor employment>> that the "individual economy is socialist public ownership of the indispensable complement to the" 1984 "adhere to a variety of economic forms and common Development of the way business is our long-term policy of the socialist need to move forward, ".1997 September CPC on the establishment of" public ownership dominant and diverse forms of ownership develop, is the primary stage of socialism in China a basic economic system. "basic economic system changes in a market economy, the main energy release, as from our two-tier price system offers the possibility to market pricing, the market price range continues to expand, so that the growing role of market allocation of resources in short, property rights system changes eventually led to the establishment of market economy, to improve market efficiency while also have a source for the commodity economy.

(B Agriculture Organization of the change in the way the original release of the economic vitality of agriculture
The early 1980s, Fuzhou region in the national land reform in the context of the household contract responsibility system was introduced. Of the original organization of the commune is the family unit to the collective organization of production such as farm land in agricultural production and production tasks replaced by accountability, not only to retain the necessary unity of management, production and production rights in turn delegated to the farmers while the "payment enough for the country, leaving enough of the collective, and the rest are their own," the distribution under the responsibilities, rights and interests of clarity, which essentially broke the people's commune system of collective land ownership, collective management of the old farming patterns and a collective land ownership and management separation, established the basis of land ownership to farmers on the family as a unit of new contract farming model. the pursuit of agricultural products, farmers have to maximize the remaining dynamic mechanism, which greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of the farmers.

(C distribution according to work the system to provide incentives for economic Development
After the reforms, the market mechanism to replace the original allocation, the household contract responsibility system is first affirmed the principle of distribution according to a breakthrough. Congress stress distribution according to work is dominant and a variety of other means of distribution added, including the legal non-labor income, then in line with the market economic Development, from before and after the congress to allow and encourage participation in distribution of production factors into distribution according to work and by a combination of factors of production, and clearly the labor, capital, technology and management and other production factors participate in the distribution according to contribution principle. Changes in the distribution system is the inherent requirements of market economy, it reflects the ownership structure of production in China, breaking the old planned economic system of egalitarianism, the distribution pattern of neglect of the individual to better mobilize all factors in distribution, and monitoring costs to reduce a large extent, out of opportunistic behavior, can be said that institutional change makes the production of greater realization of human potential, which greatly promoted the production.

Third, Fuzhou current institutional barriers to economic development
(A system of supply led to a drop in competitiveness gap
System supply is the system of production, it can be evolutionary, conscious design can be made if the supply system is consciously designed, then the system changes the premise that the expected benefits exceed expected costs of reform and opening up since the last And under the government-led institutional change, institutional change is of course part of Jiangxi Province, supply-led. supply-led institutional change in the behavior of some of the constitutional order and conducted under the scope of ethics, institutional and non-supply of the main supply of the main system As the group which is different from the expected value of costs and benefits are often different, this time, as the main supply system of the game in society often has the advantage, therefore, the process of institutional change is dependent on supply of the main system, so even if is a progressive institutional change, partial returns may not be equal.

Jiangxi is a major agricultural province, location, overall for the less developed regions in the context of central China, Jiangxi Chang nine key construction industry to make the strategic corridor from the national level, the economic development of the deterioration of the environment in eastern reduction of arable land in the central region become an important commodity grain base, therefore, select Changjiu industrial corridor as a regional economic growth pole in the central region to promote the industrialization and urbanization is the national interest while Jiangxi weak economic foundation, economic development, competition pressure, concentration of financial and material resources to the development of basic good Changjiu can improve the competitiveness of our province.

Fuzhou's central area and north of Nanchang, the distance is very close, while the south side of Ganzhou in Jiangxi is also tilted the regional economic development policy, so difficult to get the economic development of Fuzhou more preferential policies and major projects, then this basis due to " echo effect "of the existence of Fuzhou in contact with the outside world at a disadvantage relative to other regions Fuzhou human, material and financial resources have a greater rate of flow of Chang nine regions, so that the relatively slow economic development in Fuzhou.

(Two factors of production capacity of the informal system to attract low
North the system is divided into formal and informal systems of two categories, the former including the political and legal system, property rights, the system of the various contracts, which are those of human behavior unwritten limitations, including the ideological , cultural traditions, code of ethics, values, customs and habits. informal system changes slowly, with long-term, formal system and informal system that only the combination to play a catalytic role in economic development, therefore, the informal system of economic development essential element. If we say that the system drop the formal system is Fuzhou economic development of the external factors, the relative absence of informal system is an important internal Fuzhou economic lag.

First, the market is lower, the lack of a necessary condition for human development, the same time, the conservative local government and financial restrictions, Fuzhou is difficult to introduce high-quality personnel. Second, Fuzhou known as "genius," and the reputation, from Since the emergence of this ancient considerable number of celebrities, however, relatively few people used their own. this area and developed areas of the "echo effect" on the other hand, speaking from their own culture, culture is a typical Linchuan farming culture, which foster the Fuzhou people self-improvement, strive to excel, the ability to rely on personal achievements fame of excellent quality in the market economy, the farming culture of individualism, not suitable for creating the overall regional economic development. Finally, the farming culture Fuzhou trained people thrifty virtues of good, frequent movement of the labor market economy, Fuzhou people that love home nature of the labor force is clearly hindered the advantages of Fuzhou, Fuzhou part of the labor force to give up work outside the home of high profits and the status quo . Links to free download http://www.hi138.com Fourth, the system of foster economic development in Fuzhou
(A through formal institutional reforms to enhance competitiveness in Fuzhou
North believes that institutional innovation is the root cause of economic development which, because of its mandatory formal system can provide a direct impetus for economic growth. This is mainly for the domestic liquidity to reduce transaction costs, improve efficiency, external advantage, to improve competitiveness. Fuzhou relatively backward economic development just by the relative lack of supply caused by the system, therefore, Fuzhou to achieve leapfrog development, internal to strengthen the market economy based on the allocation of resources, and improve economic efficiency, in particular, to further deepen the distribution system, and strengthen supervision to prevent corruption.'s external support system will have to strive to Jiangxi, improve the investment environment, and strengthen cooperation with other provinces and cities cooperation, macro-planning and actively participate in regional economic development organizations.

(B to improve the informal system, to attract talent for the economic development of Fuzhou
Informal system does not have a formal system of mandatory, but the informal system determines the formal system of space. Society is a complex system, it is necessary in making economic choices by its system of values ​​and habits such as environmental impact, and ultimately affect regional economic development. Linchuan cultural heritage farming culture has always attached importance to education in Fuzhou region, but ignore the use of personnel, so Fuzhou good education is the result of human output, and not translated into the local productivity at the same time, Fuzhou open less, the introduction of qualified personnel are hard to integrate into the local environment are two factors causing the lack of human capital, Fuzhou, economic development, lack of vitality. In view of the informal system of long-term and potential, Fuzhou education should be appropriate to guide students in home building, service local Fuzhou complex. More importantly, at all levels of economic development should the concept of competition for qualified personnel to work in depth all aspects of human development to create a good institutional environment.

(C explore new property rights model, a new driving force for economic development in Fuzhou
Fuzhou as the less developed regions, weak economic foundation, based on comparative advantage to tap the rural resources from the start in the new market economy, the dramatic effect of decreasing household contract responsibility system, land ownership resulted in farmers not actually fuzzy grasp of rural collective land resources and elements of the owner of a vacuum, so that the original decentralized management of land resources has seriously hindered the free flow of the agricultural economies of scale difficult to play the same time, as farmers on land resources monitoring vacancy caused by the power of rent-seeking farmers agent, not only waste a lot of land resources, but also affect rural harmony, dealing a blow to the enthusiasm of the farmers producing the new imperative of land reform, local governments should actively explore the actual situation in rural areas of new production methods, the right to rent-seeking at the same time further constrained clear land property rights, foster rural land market, improve the efficiency of the rural economy.

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