On less developed areas of the value dimensions of tourism planning

Abstract: At present, many less-developed areas regarded Tourism as the main way of helping the poor areas, Tourism planning in this area have been prepared. Relevant experts and scholars on the less developed regions the Development of ideas and strategies were studied. From the less developed areas of Tourism planning questions, it summarizes the Development of Tourism in less developed regions the value of dimension, through flexible Investment and financing mechanisms, multilateral stakeholders, government and the market Development of interactive mode, trying to find a way to promote less-developed regions harmonious Development of the new road. Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province, and to "ring Yanshan Lake Tourism Master Plan>> as an example, sought to put into practice.

Keywords: tourism planning in less developed areas, tourism Development, value dimensions

World Bank definition of less-developed areas of social economy is relatively backward areas, including not only those in absolute poverty areas, there are many relatively poor regions [1] Liu Jin-Bao, Wang Yanhua that the less developed regions is due to lost opportunities, information is not smooth and other causes of stagnation or slow development of regions that have low productivity, low standards of living, no use of large numbers of workers on agricultural production and highly dependent on primary agricultural products, and low openness characteristics [2] . Wenhong that the less developed regions is compared to other regions, less developed areas with low levels of Economic development, higher levels of poverty, poverty is more concentrated, Economic, social and cultural development of more backward regions of contiguous focus [3] .

First, tourism planning in less developed areas of confusion
(A funding bottleneck
As the local fiscal revenue is limited, the lack of competitiveness of enterprises in the zone size, low income insufficient Investment in regional tourism factors its transportation, communications, water supply and other infrastructure construction, catering, accommodation, tourism, shopping and other service facilities, environmental protection and tourism and create the environment so the lack of appropriate supporting efforts to develop, so that regional tourism accessibility, reception capacity, quality of service are difficult to improve. This result, in turn, limits the development of regional tourism, regional development opportunities lost Economic, business and income are not increased, and the consequences caused by the poor more poor, and this is the vicious cycle of capital chain.

(Two institutional issues
Less developed regions, due to tourism development is not perfect, often there is no specific authority for a unified coordination and management, it must be considered in planning future tourism development in specific sectoral coordination and management industry. In addition, the existing system , the regional industrial development is also a measure of regional access to the results an important indicator of government performance, as tourism Investment cycle is long, slow recovery of funds, short term grass-roots cadres in the existing system, often difficult to see clear benefits, thus increasing the cadres decision-making risk, affecting the performance of officials [4], long-term planning and short-term performance of the conflicts caused by grass-roots decision-makers can not complete the implementation of tourism planning.

(C infrastructure issues
As the less developed areas of Economic strength is weak, infrastructure is seriously lagging behind, the road access is poor, poor communication, water and electricity supply instability infrastructure confined to the implementation of tourism development zone, which makes travel planning, implementation greatly reduced , less than expected for the overall regional Economic development objectives, and ultimately, the development of tourism opportunities for the region and beyond differences will widen the income gap between regions, resulting in uneven distribution of wealth, thus exacerbating social conflicts.

(Four development patterns
Tourism planning in less developed areas, the development model is related to tourism development key to the success factors of domestic tourism development model mainly based government-led development, which is China's basic national conditions and reality conditions for tourism development in China the decision, but in the less developed regions, government revenue is limited, but also the burden of poor expenditure, government tourism development beyond their grasp, resulting in the final due to financial problems caused by tourism development aground In addition, less developed region long closed, backward ideas, regional management system behind, the role of government and the role of the market is not an accurate positioning, which is also in the less developed areas of tourism planning in the face of embarrassment.

Second, less developed areas of the value dimensions of tourism planning
(A flexible Investment and financing mechanism
Investment Investment strategy to take steps in the initial stage, the limited ability to invest in tourism, Investment focused on infrastructure construction and improvement of service facilities, development of Investment are low, the fast-based projects in the medium term, committed to middle and low tourism products to the transformation of high-end tourism products, improve infrastructure and service facilities in service capacity. long-term planning stage, tourism development into maturity, based on the previous stage of capital accumulation, to strengthen the regional tourism image, the development of high-end tourism products. in financing, first of all, innovative means of financing, expansion Investment ideas. financial products through the issuance of trust, security policy development companies, Investment companies and to build small loan companies and other financial innovations means to form a multi-level, full-coverage network of financing, followed by , to continue to expand opening up, deepen the reform. get rid of the drawbacks and unreasonable investment financing policy and capital management mechanism reform.

(B multilateral stakeholders
In tourism planning, co-operation between different interest groups and regional distribution of benefits is an important factor in sustainable tourism development, first be clear in the planning of tourism stakeholders, the American scholar Freeman (Free-man to (a the main interests of the organization is defined as anything that can affect the organization's goals or the impact of the target groups or individuals [5]. to develop tourism-related stakeholders are the government, developers, community residents, neighboring competitors in the planning process the need to take into the principle of multilateral stakeholders, both from space to handle the interests of all parties, but also from time to seek long-term development of the region.

(Three government take, the market opera
In tourism planning, with the changing market demand, the value of tourism is evolving in the market determines the direction of the development of its resources, and future tourist target market. Planning must focus resources - demands - Products - source - effective axis of the core [6] Government departments in the market economy environment, the role of a bridge, guide, and regulators and the Government's main role is to develop strategic planning tourism development in the region, attract, attract investors and developers to invest in the development of tourism in this area in marketing, tourism and government departments are to link and source advocates, the Government's main tourism-oriented tourism in the area to create the image of the overall marketing campaign to attract tourists and tourism dealer.

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com Third, the empirical analysis: Central Yanshan Lake Tourism Master Plan
(A) the issue of tourism planning in the context of research
1. Planning is lagging behind. Chaoyang tourism started in the 1980s, but has not been complete Chaoyang tourism development plan. The first time in two decades, Chaoyang was presided over by the government, the official tourism planning and development, in time lagged behind other urban areas in the province due to the delayed development planning, tourism development has been in Chaoyang City, the natural state of development, there is no defined development objectives and constraints of organizational behavior, resulting in the development of a state of disorder, resulting in a waste of money and resources , the industry uncompetitive.

2. Uncoordinated industrial structure. Tourism development lags behind the concept, business system and industrial development of the tourism industry still can not meet the quality requirements. Tourism enterprises, "small, scattered, weak and poor", the lack of influence in the international and domestic market, large-scale backbone business, industry, the overall quality is not high. the relative lack of investment in the tourism industry. tourism infrastructure is not yet perfect, and propaganda is not enough, the industry's potential has not been fully tapped. development of tourist products and services can not meet the travel needs of consumers, features not prominent. less competitive tourism market, a number of high-grade tourism resources have not translated into a competitive advantage. the Chaoyang tourism industry "has to say, less to see, and did not play the" embarrassing situation.

3. Development pressure. Some of the surrounding counties due to tourism development than earlier, more experienced, larger scale tourism, and has formed a number of stable tourist market so large cottage development will be homogenous town tourist areas and new construction of tourism the dual pressure of competition District Resource and environmental protection is under great strain. Dapingfangzhen sensitive ecological tourism development in the construction and operation of the natural environment there is a potential negative impact of the potential degradation of environmental quality, biological diversity of the damage and water pollution, etc. by profit driven, and other factors, such as pagodas and ancient historical monuments were severely damaged, Yanshan Lake water is a certain influence, these are the formation of tourism products constitute a very major threat.

(B Strategic Planning
1 development model. To take stage progressive mode. No recent involvement of investors when the town's overall tourism development: the implementation of the company town established its own fund-raising model for the initial development, the core area of ​​focus for tourism and orchards of Reception experience with groups of groups project, led by the village committee set up tourism development company, to attract the villagers raising equity, the company came forward by the development management, including catering, accommodation and self-picking activities and other business activities there involved in tourism investors when the town tourism development: the implementation of company + farmer type model, through the introduction of economic strength and viability of the enterprise market, the public infrastructure and environmental improvement and subsequent development to guide the villagers develop accommodation, catering and reception facilities, form a strong rural character and attractive tourism products to attract and attract domestic and foreign tourists.

(2) global planning. First, overall development orientation: market-oriented, resource-based, to a large cottage tourism developed into a tourist economy, residents of affluent, community harmony, and optimal living landscape eco-tourism town, built melt lakes and mountains, sports, ancient chow, a small town in one of the city style garden, leisure and recreation lake in western Liaoning Province, the landscape outside the customs preferred holiday destination. Second, the overall layout. Dapingfangzhen tourism development should focus on their spatial distribution function, advantage of resources, integrated planning, phased development, comprehensive, complementary advantages. Finally, relevant planning, good agriculture, industry, environment, urban and other related planning, the large cottage built the coordinated development of the leisure and tourism town.

3 functions of the government's change in plans recently, government-led planning in advance, to increase efforts to attract investment, and actively building a regional infrastructure and tourism facilities, the establishment of specialized travel agencies and tourism to improve the accessibility, large-scale tourism project began to stay , increase investment in environmental protection efforts, and strive to make the ecological environment has improved significantly in the long-term planning, the government set up the stage, leading companies to enhance the comprehensive strength, promote tourism development to a new level. chow and restoration of ancient pagodas, to achieve the depth of tourism development, and strive to build the north town style. standardizing the market order, improve the tourism market laws and regulations, so that a complete shift of government functions and services regulation.

References:
[1] World Bank, China in the 1990s poverty reduction strategies [Z]. The World Bank document, 1992.

[2] Bao Liu, Wang Yanhua, Chinese poverty in underdeveloped areas and poor status of countermeasures [J]. Hebei North University, 2008, (6) :35-37.

[3] Wen-hong. Less developed areas of forest tourism development of theoretical and empirical studies - to borrow the mother Creek Nature Reserve, for example [M]. Changsha: Hunan People's Publishing House, 2008:37.

[4] stone square, LIU Ji-sheng. Economically underdeveloped areas of tourism development model [J]. Tourism Tribune, 2000, (6) :19-23.

[5] Zhang, Wu Bihu. Stakeholders (Stakeholder) theory in regional tourism planning application - for example in Leshan City, Sichuan Province [J]. Tourism Tribune, 2002, (4) :63-68.

[6] Wang Dawu. On some understanding of tourism planning [J]. Tourism Tribune, 2001, (5) :45-48.

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