University Archives in information management and dissemination of ethical dilemmas to explore the _ papers Network

Paper Network: Abstract: In the Information management and dissemination of university archives, there is Information security and open access, right to Information security and privacy, the file of digital Information and intellectual property protection of the three major ethical dilemma. To break through these ethical dilemmas, management of University Archives should proceed to formulate the code of Ethics of archival Information, note the file into the Ethics legislation, and improved file management and use of those ethical self-discipline.

Keywords: University Archives; information Ethics; ethical dilemmas

Colleges and universities in the University Archives is the recruitment, teaching, research, management and other activities directly to the formation of the students, schools and community conservation value of the text, graphics, audio and other forms, the carrier's history. [1] with the file information technology development, file management and dissemination activities of the network tend to become increasingly evident, and the new environment and ways and means more time to make the file work highlights some of the ethical dilemma (EthicalDi-lemma) problem. analyze ethical dilemmas universities have reason and make breakthroughs in response to ethical dilemmas, make college archives for information management and dissemination work has important theoretical and practical significance.

First, information management and dissemination of university archives in the three ethical dilemmas (a) information security requirements and the college archives archives files open utilization of the ethical dilemmas of human society carries a lot of information about the activities of the native, is a valuable information resource, it with a certificate of value and information value of the duality. the value of the duality of the file, determined that it exists between openness and confidentiality of the contradiction. credential value determines the file's data and the formation of activities in a certain time frame and extent of non-public , that is confidential, while the intelligence value means that files need to meet the social requirements of use of the file, open the whole society have obligations and responsibilities.

In the modern era of democracy, the file open has become a necessity. American scholar Steven Luba (Sreven Lubar) that "the file is a power," he quoted the French philosopher Jacques Derrida (JacquesDerri-da), then to to be confirmed: "lost control of the file is equivalent to loss of political power, democracy is usually the validity of the following standards: work on the file (including file structure and interpretation) of participation and use of archives." [2 ] based on the duality of archival value, <<People's Republic of Archives Law>> requirements, file management file to the open society, so widely and fully play the role of archives; also provides file confidentiality period, involving national security or vital interests, and other inappropriate use of open file handles, and offenders to take responsibility. <<Colleges and Universities records management approach>> also states: All holders of valid proof of units or individuals, in explaining the purpose and scope of the use of the file, the can access the files using an open range, and can extract or copy; also provides for a "related party and state secrets, patents or technology related to secret, personal privacy, and restrictions prescribed by the department and file form use" of collection of controlled files to open.

Thus, for the university, on the one hand asked to play a file room functions, to maximize the open file, open meeting documents, meeting minutes, personnel management, infrastructure, equipment, teaching management, research management, student status Examination and other information; hand and content tailored to specific audiences and the extent and scope of the disclosure be limited. which makes the college archives information management and dissemination in specific operations, there has been an open conflict with the confidentiality of phase-ethical dilemma: When the public certain information would be a negative impact on other people or units or the reputation and economic loss, whether the public without restriction? when schools or teachers and students the right information to protect the public's right to information and social conflict, should be based on what ethical standards to study them? and so on.

(B) the right to information security and privacy of the citizens right to know is aware of ethical dilemmas, the freedom and rights of access to information, it has both constitutional and administrative Law and other content areas of public Law, there are private factors.

Back in 1946 the UN General Assembly adopted resolution No. 59, stressed the "freedom of the original check information as one of basic human rights." Privacy is enjoyed by individual citizens, safeguard the peace and private information private life secret undisturbed the right to an independent personality because of privacy deep into human social life and people's inner world to protect natural personality and mental state, so privacy is a high level of moral rights.

University Archives department now, due to traditional practices affecting the scope and degree of opening the file open, the subjective approach is still the dominant closed position as follows: blurred the boundaries between open files, object is unclear, between open and closed preference is not open, file decryption and opening hours are often artificially delayed, file open, the use of procedures more cumbersome, the user is denied the lack of judicial relief when an open system, etc. These problems have undoubtedly affected the students and the public's right to know implementation, while at the same time, privacy protection in open access archives also appeared to protect weak situation. University Archives as a historical record of information, contain large quantities of personal data, many involving personal privacy due to departments of the University Archives Privacy finds lack of unity, the specific criteria, in the secrecy and lack of effective implementation mechanisms, resulting in the case of privacy violations occur repeatedly in the university.

These reflect the university management and dissemination of information in the file there is conflict with privacy and right to know the ethical dilemma, especially in a networked environment, the file information collection, collation, storage, transmission, use of models are being updated, the privacy conflict with a right to know two people had to be concerned about the ethical dilemma.

(C) expediting the process of digitizing archival information and strengthening protection of intellectual property files as intellectual workers ethical dilemmas in social practice activities which have conservation value and use value of the history of the original records from file to file a coalescence of the formation of the wisdom of Many more are copyright protected intellectual property areas, especially in recent years, the archives department received frequent officials, academics and other prominent individuals society donor files; some enterprises, institutions or individuals for safety or security considerations, but also to the unit or personal activities in the form of archive files entrusted to the university department hosting or hosting. file the diversification of sources led to the collection of files copyright status of the diversified and complicated, the file management departments in the file information, the process is likely to lead to the use of book rights disputes, such as the Qing Dynasty in 1990 caused a sensation last emperor Pu Yi's widow sued Li Shuxian <<The Last Emperor's later life>> Author of suspected illegal use of archives in the case of donated materials, once ignited a work on file management the problem of copyright protection [3] in the current file accelerate the process of digital information in the case, protection of intellectual property issues become more prominent.

In the knowledge economy, intellectual property rights on behalf of the wealth. The use of archival information resources development, is the collection of data in the existing technology solutions and technical achievements re-invent and re-innovation, making <<Patent Law, "the object of protection, and use proprietary technology to create wealth. Therefore, in the college archives in the development and use of information, some unscrupulous people who will inevitably go against Ethics, theft of technical information, intellectual property infringement. which makes the university archives information management and communication with the emergence of file sharing between intellectual property protection, the ethical dilemma: how to process digital information in the file to properly manage the files in the data, how to speed up the process of digitization of archival information, while protecting intellectual property rights are not violated? Second, the university archives in the information management and dissemination of ethical breakthrough think of the plight of the depth of development and utilization of archival information resources, archival resources and to enhance information technology to improve higher Education and university archives service capacity and economic and social development level of thinking and practice must address the three major ethical dilemma. We should recognize that these situations of conflict is not a moral dilemma one will care, but you can take effective measures to take into account the blending properly tackle the problem. I believe that the current university archives department can take the following three measures to to seek a breakthrough in the ethical dilemma: (a) develop the file information, code of Ethics and now, the domestic key universities, colleges and universities, especially for doing the archival work, have developed a fairly complete some of the records management rules and regulations, such as on the development of Wuhan University a file security system, to borrow the use of the file system, file system, warehouse management, identification of the destruction of the file system, staff rules, internal organs duties archives, audio-visual records management practices and the use of celebrities record keeping methods and other regulations, but the domestic Basically, colleges and universities

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Also do not have a file of information on ethical norms and codes, while the file information is not only a technical problem, and implies a complex ethical issue in the case of ethical conflict exists, the network utilization for the environment file, make file information management and dissemination of ethical principles and specific ethical norms, should be an important responsibility of university archives department, therefore, should strengthen the ethics of file information operability studies, to initiate and develop effective ethical guidelines for the management and dissemination of archival information construct a reasonable ethical space.

For example, the protection and realization of the right to know, the reality in the university's archives, although the country <<file method>> and <<Colleges and Universities records management approach>> where departments are required to file for students and citizens of the community provide open services, but the reality is often the archives department to protect the privacy, confidentiality and other excuses to postpone or even refuse to open and provide access to artificially large number of files shelved, so that students and the public's right to know is difficult to achieve. This need for targeted, detailed ethical rules, the file information security, intellectual property, copyright, privacy and other rights protection and the need to make a special note to develop a clear code of ethics, to find a reasonable scale to the rights and obligations of the configuration, in the protection of privacy under the premise that the right to know to get the maximum degree of realization, the best solution to the conflict.

(B) file into the spirit of the ethics legislation in the file information legislation is a rigid legal means, which by means of state power of deterrence, not only can effectively crack down on illegal file information field of criminal acts, but also as a file The implementation of information ethics to create a favorable external environment in the process of building regulations in the file information to pay attention to the following two questions: First, should take full account of the file under the network environment information management and dissemination characteristics, rules, combined with network technology, gives the corresponding legal concepts, the problem can not be determined, as far as possible given the host of the concept, and to regulate the macro; second file and regulations should be fully operable with the existing legal system to maintain good compatibility nature, the network should maintain files of information resources and rational use of the normal spread angle, maintaining files of information owners, custodians and the use of those legitimate interests.

Although formal regulations and the state archives of features become more prominent, but there did not change the nature of its ethical, moral behavior is still for people to file with the basic activities of values ​​and norms, so the file must be based on fundamental ethical legislation standards as the basis of social order without losing the foundation of its existence if the file does not reflect the legislative principle, reflect the high ethical values ​​and ethical requirements, it can not be good Law, it is not generally accepted by society, not into a file activity practical guidelines in the works, so the file during the actual process of legislation, should take into account the moral and spiritual integration, only the principles contained in the legislation the value of rationality is the file legislators create laws and the ultimate pursuit of the fundamental concepts, which As we develop files that meet the common needs of the legal process should play an extremely important role in guiding.

Meanwhile, the university should adopt a correct guidance of public opinion, people interaction and the formation of the obligations and responsibilities blend of morality, in the school and the community through the formation of an active file information is always good morals, for the development of archival information to lay extensive legal The solid social psychology, ethical practices and other aspects of basic, while the file information to provide public law enforcement moral, public opinion support.

(C) enhance the use of archival information managers and those who self-discipline and moral dimensions of ethical norms by actors to maintain their own conscious faith, is itself a kind of self-restraint and regulation. Thus, universities should use its wide range of disciplines and talents of many advantages, expand the file system and file ethics Education and archivists special ethics training, and enhance information management and use of the file's moral values, to enable them to consciously recognize and properly perform their own file activity in the responsibilities and obligations.

1 through strengthening professional ethics, and raise the archivists of their own professional ethics. Professional Ethics University Archives is the main content of construction information ethics. University Archives The basic task of professional ethics is through Education, training and other means, the formation of archivists "dedication, devotion to duty; law-abiding, strictly confidential; learned a progressive, fair service" good quality of professional ethics, with a good sense of service, attitude, professionalism as its file management mode values, the files of the principles and norms of professional ethics within the archivists into the inner feelings and beliefs, and put on records management practices.

(2) to strengthen the moral Education of the file information, file managers and users to enhance the university's moral self-discipline. To file information and moral principles, norms, spiritual Education, the formation of internal restraint mechanism, enabling the best possible file information ethics a wide range of social identity, and become essential for all staff code of conduct. Through information and moral education, college can be purposeful, planned, organized and user of the file manager to exert moral influence of systemic thinking, so that files within the requirements of professional ethics into their own codes of conduct and value targets, training file information managers and the use of those self-discipline, to maximize the morality of self-regulatory function.

References:

[1] Ministry of Education, the National Archives. College records management approach [N]. China Education Daily, 2008-08-30 (2).

[2] Steven Luba of Information Culture and files (Information Culture and theArchivalRecord) [J]. Zhang Ning, translated. Shanxi file, 2000 (1): 12.

[3] Guo Si level from the perspective of a civil dispute with the management of copyright protected files with the relevant legislation [J]. File with the construction of 2000 (1): 7-9.

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