Reported on the quality of accounting standards on

[Abstract] With the social and political environment of the evolving Economic and financial reporting objectives shifted from the report Accountability decision for the user extract useful information, changes in financial reporting objectives determines the quality of accounting reporting standards.

[Keywords] accounting reporting, quality standards

Simply means that the accounting report presented outside financial statements, accounting reports is the main point of standing on the Economic interests of certain synonymous theorists existence of such a statement, the accounting report is presented to the company's external accounting reports of the development process of accounting reporting is accompanied by the objective needs of Economic development, development, well-known U.S. accounting historian Chatfield in his discussion of the evolution of accounting thought, said that "the development of accounting is reactive, that is, accounting is mainly should be a certain period of business development needs, and is closely related with Economic development. In general, the higher the level of civilization, the more sophisticated methods of bookkeeping. "(1976. So the quality of accounting standards is reported as the economy development of development, there is no fixed standard mode. accounting reporting standards of quality to meet the general talk is reported to achieve accounting objectives.

First, the decision-usefulness view with the concept of fiduciary duty under the concept of quality of accounting reporting
The 1960s, the logical starting point of accounting theory assuming a gradual change from accounting to the accounting objectives, and its information system as an Economic point of view is also widely accepted because of objective understanding of accounting inconsistencies, leading people to form a decision-making useful concept and the concept of fiduciary duty in two different point of view, while these two points in the qualitative characteristics of accounting information, elements of financial statements recognition and measurement, financial reporting objectives, etc. have a different view. fiduciary duty tube that financial report's goal is to reflect the fiduciary responsibility of trustees in the process and results, is the trustee for the purpose of lifting their own economic responsibility for the stakeholders to provide financial information, as to the validity of the information is no longer within the scope of its consideration, while making useful concept is that the purpose of financial reporting to investors (current and potential creditors and other stakeholders to provide history, future and other useful information for its decision and it must contribute to the economic decision-making of quantifiable information, under normal circumstances will be required to provide financial and other aspects of non-financial information in order to "meet user needs." In essence, decision-usefulness view the information presented on the use by a single person has been gradually transformed to the pluralism Of course, both the concept of fiduciary duty, or the decision-usefulness view, they are related to specific economic environment associated with: in the capital markets less developed economic environment, a more realistic concept of fiduciary duty, and as capital markets continue to develop mature, and the operation of a comprehensive socio-economic impact of the case, the decision-usefulness view of the financial reporting objectives of the presentation is more appropriate.

Second, the user needs the concept of investor protection under the concept of quality of accounting reporting concept
In the 1980s the United States, evaluation of the quality of accounting reporting standards can be divided into user needs and concept of investor protection concept two. View user needs, May 1980, FASB ① No. 2 published SFAC <<accounting information quality characteristics>> comprehensive listing of accounting information quality characteristics to meet user needs a basic framework. FASB to relevant the quality and reliability of accounting information as the main features of the U.S. Association of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA Special Committee's financial reporting accounting information of relevance, reliability, based on the following three aspects also emphasize comparability: comparability between enterprises , the period of consistency, consistency between the statements of the project. AICPA released in April 2000, Practice Note No. 2 of Notice < > And <<Audit Committee to discuss the quality of accounting principles and guidelines>> in, although it recognized FASB's conceptual framework of accounting information evaluation, but assessment of the quality of accounting reporting a greater emphasis on reliability, neutrality, consistency, three characteristics These three features with the highest requirements of UK accounting standards - consistent with a true and fair.

View of investor protection, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC former chairman LevittD in <<The importance of high-quality accounting standards>> speech, in order to protect the interests of investment objectives by the quality of accounting information, the main features are: integrity, transparency, fair, than can be fully disclosed in LevittD's initiative, the U.S. was the auditing profession to carry out a financial audit report discussion of the issue of quality assessment year 1999, "Blue Ribbon Committee" (the Blue Ribbon Committee's report No. 8 proposal, the company disclosed in a clear, corporate accounting principles, the basic estimates and other authorities in the preparation and reporting of financial disclosure and external audit of important decisions made when the degree of risk or conservative, as the evaluation of the quality of accounting standards for reporting the U.S. Auditing Standards Board (Auditing Standadards Board, ASB ② revised Statement on Auditing Standards No. 61 (SAS61) does not recognize the FASB Concepts No. 2 is a reference to assess the quality of accounting information framework Links to free download http: / / www.hi138.com
Third, the focus gradually shifted from accounting objective view of fiduciary duty shift to decision-usefulness view
The traditional focus on financial reporting for investors and creditors reflect management accountability information, which mainly confined to the historical financial information has occurred with the social and economic development, especially the rapid development of information technology, business risks The more people the more meters to reflect the fiduciary responsibility as the main objective of financial reporting are increasingly unable to meet the needs of users. In 1994, the American Institute of CPAs through a large number of professional investors, credit institutions and their members to the survey study, published <<Improving Business Reporting a user-focus>> (Improving Business Reporting-A Customer Focus, a comprehensive exposition type of information the user needs to improve financial reporting and the recommendations of the report that the existing financial reporting in the promotion of efficient allocation of capital has played a very important role, and in many ways to meet the information needs of users, however, socio-economic, rapidly changing technology environment, financial reporting users can innovate to meet the changing information needs. The report also pointed out that financial reporting should: provide more information about the company's future plans, opportunities, risks and uncertainty of information, 2 will focus more on long-term value creation factors, including the important non-financial information to the business operation of business measurement and disclosure, 3 so that external financial reporting and business management to provide better internal reporting link. Thus, with the social and economic development, capital markets gradually improve, in order to help users make economic decisions related information as the goal of "decision usefulness' behalf and will gradually" reflect the fiduciary duty. " become the dominant direction of financial reporting.

Fourth, the accounting profession and accounting reports on the objectives and requirements to meet the quality standards of the theory
With China's reform and opening-up process continues to accelerate, Western accounting theory has been widely introduced into China, accounting for the theoretical study of the shift to accounting standards-based, objective study of accounting gradually replaced the previous discussion of the accounting function. In recent years by Western financial reporting accounting theory, especially theoretical digestion and absorption, combined with China's accounting environment, many accounting scholars, the goal of our financial reporting what is made in-depth and unremitting study, put forward their own point of view, but Since this did not form an authoritative, for the academic community generally accepted conclusion. the focus of debate is still focused on the concept of fiduciary responsibility and decision-usefulness view on Endorses the concept of fiduciary duty in the main view is that "accounting is an economic management activities, which is mainly played by accounting and supervision of accounting functions to strengthen economic management, thus promoting economic efficiency "(Yang Jiwan, 1996" business should be to improve the economic efficiency, the purpose of improving economic efficiency as a business As an arm of enterprise Financial Accounting department, the same should also work to improve economic efficiency as the basic objective of accounting, accounting basic objective is to improve economic efficiency "(in Yulin, 1998," accounting management activities are characterized by value-based management, is the value of sports management, so as an important component of economic management, accounting management should be to enhance economic efficiency as the ultimate goal "(Xiao-Ping Zhu, 1998 (Yangsong Ling," Theoretical Study of accounting objectives, "<<accounting Friends> >, 2000 3. support the view that the decision-usefulness view: "Corporate financial reporting is intended to provide users of decision-making report, the control information necessary for them to measure, predict, evaluate the business results, performance management, distribution, resource distribution, equity structure, solvency, etc. "(Zhang Weiguo, 1991e" overall objective is to accounting to external users for decision-making and economic control of the information needed to participate in the management process, pursuit of economic interests "(Lou Erxing, Zhang Weiguo, 1992" Financial Report of the fundamental objective is to provide the information users provide decision-useful information "(Liu Yuting, 1999 (Yang Songling," accounting objective Theoretical Study of "<<accounting Friends>> 2000 No. 3 In addition, Professor and Professor Liu Feng Ge Peng of China put forward the objective of financial reporting, "tentatively concluded" that "According to our current state of development of market economy, trying to imitate the U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board with the decision to establish the usefulness of the idea China's goal of Financial Accounting may not be appropriate. Currently the main objective of our Financial Accounting, reporting should be positioned to the client on the fulfillment of fiduciary duty, if in the future, China's economy be fully developed, mature capital markets, and has a comprehensive social and economic impact, then the objective of Financial Accounting should also change, development and improvement. "(Ge Peng: <<market economy, the basic theory and method of accounting>>, 1996 This means that China's financial objectives of its dual nature. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com
China from January 1, 2007 shall come into force new corporate accounting standards, and this is another change in accounting history, the new accounting system fully reflects the convergence with international standards. It proposed a new accounting objectives, while a report on the quality of accounting standards with the new requirements. In short, the quality of accounting reporting standards of the accounting period in order to achieve different goals always changing constantly improved.


Notes:
① ISAC, Framework for the Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statement, 1989.

② ASB, Statement of Principle for Financial Reporting, Oct.1999. Because Lou Erxing translation. On the Financial Accounting Concepts [M]. China Financial and Economic Publishing House ,1992:8-9.


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Links to free download http://www.hi138.com