About the new situation to promote basic education in our national balanced development of urban and rural areas

Summary of urban and rural areas is not only a balanced Development of compulsory basic Education, the essential requirement is an essential requirement of modern Education, the Development of our modern society is the inevitable choice. However, due to the long-term regional Economic and cultural Development is uneven, with compulsory Education and local school-based management system, and inadequate policies in place, or do not, the field of basic Education, non-balanced Development is a recognized fact.

Keywords balanced Education in minority areas of basic education

Since the 1980s, China at an unprecedented rate going forward, high-quality education and training of technical personnel and the majority of workers who have contributed.'s Economic Development is accompanied with the development of education. As the twenty-first century, the rise of knowledge-based economy, the role of education under certain conditions is more important than the material productive forces, however, in many areas, especially ethnic minorities in rural areas, geographical isolation, Economic backwardness, lack of information, the supply of educational resources in short supply, and has long been the feudal and religious culture, therefore, vigorously promote the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas has become imperative.

A preliminary study of the situation at home and abroad as well as progress in practice
Educational equity is the moral and ethical requirements of the relationship reflected in the field of education, the members of society the right to education and the distribution of benefits between the rationality of an evaluation of Premier Wen Jiabao pointed out: "Education is education for the soul of the fair, no education equality of opportunity, not to mention social justice. "balanced development of basic education is the development of China's socialist education requirements and the nature of the inevitable choice, education, education, balanced development of the surface is equal, but the final analysis, human rights, by The right to education and the right to development is a basic human right, the implementation of balanced development of education is to maintain the right of citizens to education and development, so the balanced development of compulsory education in the new era, a new realm, a new concept of development education.

Balanced development of basic education abroad, mainly in:
(A policy to ensure funding for education.

Some developed countries (such as the United States, France, Japan and developing countries (such as South Korea, home slope, Malaysia and so achieve free and compulsory education system.

(Two teachers security policy.

Many countries have a unified system of Teacher Certification and grading of the qualification certificate and regular updates to the provisions of protection of different regions and different levels of school teachers has increased in education and teaching.

(C disadvantaged areas and groups of security policies.

(A balanced system of transfer payments through different levels of development funding for school districts such as the United States, by the state government for each school district to set a fixed standard of student funding for compulsory education, school districts can afford to be achieved in part by the state government for subsidies. (2 pair to provide practical care to vulnerable groups such as South Korea, 1954 established the first years of free compulsory primary plan national priority to ensure the island, rural, fishing and other difficult areas of funding for the implementation of compulsory education, and adhere to the children of these families free of charge of compulsory education.

In China, to March 2002 <<People's Education>> published <<each child's happiness to grow - Shouguang City, Shandong Province, the balanced development of education in Perspective>> a text as a symbol, a balanced development of education began. In April, Li Lianning, Min Gu Yuan, Zhang, Tan Songhua and other educators <<People's Education>> published <<Toward the development of basic education in the new concept of>> the sketches and notes, the discussion of the balanced development of education and further to a climax.

Advocates that the balanced development of education is embodied in the concept of a fair and just, is the essential requirement of socialist education, is addressing issues such as "school choice" and other important choices of social contradictions, while opponents argue that the balanced development of education in pursuit of fairness at the same time it ignores efficiency, coupled with a level of Economic development in China is quite different countries, between regions, between urban and rural areas, the imbalance between the schools is the basic national conditions, the so-called balanced development of education, not in the balanced development of regional Economic and social context of non-realization of China's implementation of balanced development of education at this stage, unrealistic, and even will never engage in balanced development of education, etc. But more scholars still support the balanced development of education, now The main consensus has formed, or achievements include:
(A balanced development of education of each student equal access to educational opportunities, equal educational conditions in the development, through policy formulation and resource allocation to provide relatively equal educational opportunities and conditions in an objective and impartial attitude and scientific effective way to achieve their own development and thus achieve self-worth (2 balanced development of education hinges on the implementation of government policy (3 balanced development of education, the most pressing concern is the education of disadvantaged children. ( 4 balanced development of education is not a product development of low water, it should be with the times, always maintain a dynamic process of development (5 for basic education development, especially the status quo is not balanced development of compulsory education, scholars have conducted some of the more in-depth Research and exploration, and related strategies proposed in the practical level, reflected in Shouguang City, Shandong Province, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province and other regional balanced development of education success stories. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com
Throughout the country the basis for balanced development of education abroad experience, to sum up the existing problems are: balanced development of education and other connotation and extension of theoretical issues, the value of the balanced development of education issues in dispute, did not form a balanced development of compulsory education indicators to measure system, factors that affect the balanced development of compulsory education is not enough depth analysis; education, balanced development of the strategy needs further exploration.

Second, the balanced development of compulsory index system
1, the balanced development of compulsory education in minority areas values ​​are mainly two: First, the fairness of compulsory education orientation, and second, quality of compulsory education in the development of efficient high-quality orientation.

2, the essence of education is to achieve a balanced education fair, the macro level of education supply and demand, the meso level is a balanced allocation of educational resources, and micro-level perspective is the process of school education in teaching a balanced allocation of resources. A comprehensive analysis of The subject of economic, social, and cultural development, policy guidance, leadership emphasis and other comprehensive factors, on the basis of development of compulsory education in minority areas with the actual situation of minority education in the development of the characteristics and laws, to further clean up the balanced development of education constraints.

3, the balanced development of compulsory index system of four dimensions:
(1) equal educational opportunities, including urban and rural male and female enrollment rates,
(2 balanced allocation of educational resources that public education funding, student funding for education, schools in the area, etc.

(3 a balanced quality of education, including student retention rate, enrollment rate of graduates, teachers, urban and rural differences in pass rate,
(4 balanced achievements in education, including universal education level, enrollment of students of different nationalities coefficient of variation, population education Gini index.

Third, to promote the balanced development of compulsory education in minority areas countermeasures
Emphasis on balanced development of compulsory education in minority areas is a harmonious society reflects the thinking of people-oriented, quality education is a necessary requirement for the Government should be in education policy, the education system to take active measures to promote the balanced development of compulsory education.

(A rational distribution, continue to optimize the allocation of national resources for education.

To achieve balanced development of education in minority areas of national priority is to optimize the allocation of educational resources. To strengthen the management of education in minority areas, to enhance the teaching quality and school teachers, primary and secondary school teachers to improve rural welfare. To make full use of existing education resources, improve operating efficiency.

(B counterpart support to strengthen education, improve rural education.

Conscientiously implement the Mainland provinces and cities organize education in minority areas support full use of high-quality educational resources to the mainland, creating a variety of benefits form, to attract minority students in remote areas to the mainland to receive education, to run for national regional vocational schools, increase teacher training for ethnic minority areas, improve teachers' political and professional quality. The State shall formulate preferential policies to encourage college graduates to support the national grass-roots teacher.

(C sound system and student education funding system.

Achieve a balanced education in minority areas, an important means to promote equity in education funding system that is sound, and student education system should be to implement the national exemption of tuition and fees for rural compulsory education, free textbooks, subsidies and other living expenses policy. Focus on solving family problems in minority areas their children to school and to promote the balanced development of compulsory education in minority areas, while, to protect minority areas receive compulsory education of migrant children, effectively solve the nation stay children receive compulsory education in rural areas the problem is to promote balanced development of compulsory education in minority areas basic premise.

(D to strengthen exchanges between teachers, teacher training and establish a sound mechanism.

The establishment of urban teachers to teach in rural primary and secondary regular rotation system, the establishment of rural to urban primary and secondary education teachers, learning systems, urban and rural exchange mechanism, further strengthening the inter-school counterpart support work to help rural schools to improve school conditions, etc. can also be used remotely education and summer training for teachers and other flexible forms of training.

Finally, the implementation of the balanced development of compulsory education in minority areas, while the general requirements, seek truth from facts, according to local conditions, to encourage schools in minority areas based on the actual situation unique, created to encourage local effective practices in line with local conditions and experience. □

References:
[1] Pan Xiaobin, Xu Jingwen. Balanced development of urban and rural basic education, investigation and analysis of the reform and development, 2007 8.

[2] Zhao Zebi from the height of building a harmonious society of balanced development of education issues. Education Exploration, 2006 (3).

[3] Pang Lijuan. Primary and secondary schools in rural areas adjust the layout of our problems and countermeasures Education Development Research, 2006 (2).

[4] Mao Ling, Liu Ying. To promote the balanced development of urban and rural basic education Study. Practice and exploration, 2010 (1 Links to free download http://www.hi138.com
[5] Wang ring. Narrow the gap - a major Chinese educational policy proposition. Guangming Daily ,2005 -6-27.

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com