On the implementation phase of the project cost control

[Abstract] project implementation phase of the construction project cost control is the focus of the whole process of cost management take effective measures to strengthen the implementation phase of the project cost control, proper management and use of project funds, and improve investment efficiency has a very significant by the project implementation of cost control points at each stage of the analysis, and implementation phase of the project on how to control the cost of some suggestions.

[Keywords] project, the implementation phase, cost; control

Construction project from concept to completion, to go through the early stage of project implementation and operation of the project in three phases the project implementation phase generally refers to investment decision-making, design, procurement, construction, commissioning, etc. through the process, while including design, procurement, construction completion of various stages of tendering and project financing. by phasing the project implementation phase, including Engineering design, bidding, construction and completion of the settlement stages. is light out from the four stages of the implementation phase of the project cost control.

An Engineering design phase
Design is the construction of the source, but also affect the focus of the project cost. According to an analysis of the design phase of the project cost more than 75 percent, the design will directly affect the amount of construction costs and the length of construction period , directly determines the input of manpower, material and financial resources much in the preliminary design stage and Kuochusheji stage, to focus on technical functional requirements, value Engineering for design optimization, technical analysis and economic analysis to combine the limited cost index to play the greatest role in the construction design stage, will have to focus on cost control, strict control of technical design and construction design of unreasonable changes to ensure that the total investment limit is not exceeded.

2 project bidding phase
Construction project bidding system is an effective means to control project cost, by tender of construction projects can improve economic efficiency, to ensure construction quality and shorten the construction period of investment return, you can take advantage of bidding for the project cost effective means of control .

2.1 use of BOQ bidding.

BOQ is to invest in control of the premise and basis of quantities is issued in accordance with the calculation of national or local rules that projects into a unified approach, unified unit of measurement and uniform rules of Engineering calculation, and be calculated according to the design drawings statistics, arranged to derive the list of quantities of the preparation to follow an objective, impartial, scientific and rational principles. Bill of Quantities for the construction unit to provide an equal competitive conditions, conducive to building a team of excellent construction unit selected, conducive to the construction unit of the project shall determine the allocation and project cost, will help to achieve a reasonable sharing of risk, but also conducive to the construction unit of investment control.

2.2 pairs to determine the integrated unit.

As the duration, quality, safety and cost are closely related, so the process in the development of an integrated unit to fully consider the project cost and the relationship between these factors, first, to develop a reasonable schedule, quality, safety goals, and secondly, according to the BOQ and the relevant requirements, the actual situation of the construction site, a reasonable construction methods and construction administrative departments to develop the project cost valuation methods, the preparation of an integrated unit, draw reference to pre-tender, the construction unit to avoid unbalanced quotation mark, or lift, rigging and other acts.

2.3 evaluation.

Evaluation can be used appraisal method, the low overall score and a reasonable price method. Opening, the tender bidder should carefully analyze the bids, the bidder intends to identify the areas in which still need further clarification, because the total does not meet the requirements instructions to meet the requirements of individual offer, the lowest total price does not indicate the lowest single price for uncertainty due to design (preliminary design drawings to expand the project and the amount of future changes likely to occur Engineering projects and other large deviations of its offer, it should be to guide its offer tend to be reasonable, to prevent the disequilibrium price. We would also do the corresponding unit price and the number of comprehensive engineering review, engineering, and large quantities of the unit to focus on analysis but also to do with the content of the work unit, construction programs, technical and craft a comprehensive review.

Phase 3 construction
Construction phase due to the construction of all personnel, materials, equipment, construction machinery, construction Technology and the changing construction environment and mutual restraint between the impact of project cost management prone to bias. To reduce bias, rigorous examination of the construction organization to plan and control the construction schedule, construction quality supervision and strict audit of the expenses, dynamic tracking, data collection and analysis of various periods of labor, materials, machinery price Information in the construction site management , contract management and project management to strengthen the balance sheet, do the following work:
3.1 good drawing Mixed work.

Design drawings to avoid triggering the wrong reasons, missing, missing and so on, to further optimize the design, improve project quality, to ensure the smooth construction, thereby reducing the project cost.

3.2 strict engineering change approval.

Engineering change control of the construction process is the key to cost management. Involves a wide range of engineering changes, there are design changes, construction Technology, processing, material change, change, etc. .1 construction period, design changes should be taken to the cautious, because once the design change, it may be new projects, new projects are priced on the basis of the contract documents should be agreed to maintain the same caliber .2, technical processing of construction should be clear whether the need for technical processing, such as roofing projects, the construction unit proposed to add a requirement to ensure better water facilities, the construction units should be combined with the requirements of the original construction drawings, specification standards, necessary to ensure the project quality requirements, but also consider the project cost to finalize .3, material changes, design and construction unit of the reasons for non-generated material changes to the increase in cost is not to be recognized, but also to avoid design changes brought about by the increased cost of material replacement and lead to .4, the construction project construction period is more important, so should avoid the construction unit made a variety of reasons, to extend the duration of the construction unit unnecessary losses, increase the cost of investment, so the project should be sufficient to change the change based on sound change and approval system, and to prevent by any increase in raise the cost, which requires relevant professional staff familiar with the construction drawings and contract documents. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com
3.3 determine the priceless material prices.

For the priceless material, should be fully carried out market research, such as some of the finished material is included in the price of production, installation price, due to asymmetric Information, the construction unit prices of materials, often in the newspaper, then report production, installation price is only through adequate market research, in order to avoid such an unreasonable cost of production.

3.4 prepare construction records.

Especially of the hidden works of the record, because hidden in the construction project once the hidden, hard to be sure the quality inspection or engineering, therefore, must be concealed before the inspection and acceptance, and prepare construction records, such as pile foundation engineering needed basis in settlement construction records.

3.5 check to pay progress payments.

Progress payments are paid as progress payments, only when the number of projects actually completed on schedule, how much to pay, not the amount of unfinished work over the pre-payment, such as every time this happens, it is easy to fall into settlement passive.

3.6 attention to contract management, construction claims analysis of the content and preventive measures.

Contract documents are parties to the contract defining the respective rights and obligations, an important basis to protect their own interests, we must ensure that the seriousness of the contract shall not arbitrarily change the terms of the contract and system. Only the importance of contract management, to ensure the reasonable cost of the contract, legality effectively control the project cost. claim is performance of the contract obligations due to non-compensation expenses and ask for the request. the claim arose for many reasons, such as force majeure, geological conditions, engineering change, the other party or third-party liability, etc. is normal claims The action of contract, the contract is to ensure the normal discharge of the general procedure. is a reasonable deal with claims by the interests of contracting parties to the contract to protect their important work on the project implementation phase of the project cost control is essential.

4 completion of final closure
Strengthen the balance sheet management in the settlement completion of the project, the construction unit of the settlement should be based on all project contract documents and relevant laws and regulations, carefully examine the contents of each of the construction, engineering change orders and on-site visa, the cost of the project budget strict control review of the real scene visa rationality, and design drawings for a single visa, fixed content contained in the overlap be removed for failure to complete the drawings according to the specified amount of work and construction of a visa shall be executed not recognized in addition to the construction drawings to change the amount of outside work, due to the construction unit causes BOQ calculation errors or omissions to be adjusted, etc., where the contract expressly includes the cost of belonging to risk charges include the cost of failure breach of contract and other terms of the contract to fulfill all reductions.

Construction of the project implementation process and the general production process is different, it is a lot of uncertainty in the external environment and conditions of the. Therefore, the project implementation phase of the project cost control is a comprehensive dynamic management process, which runs through the whole process of project implementation. Construction project is only through comprehensive and focused on cost control in order to achieve better investment returns and social benefits.


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