Crack on to explore the issue of construction safety and quality

[Abstract] construction accident after another, to ensure safety and quality of construction has become the business and staff the most difficult thing. Article on the cause of the accident was deeper exploration, and the corresponding measures.

[Keywords] construction safety, safety management, safety and quality, quality

Introduction
At 8:00 on January 16 2010 Xu, south within Guangdong Baiyun Guangzhou high-speed rail tunnel collapse occurred, verified, South Guangzhou high-speed rail tunnel collapse caused a total of five people were killed and four wounded, one missing .2010 21 11 30 pm or so, Jiaxing-Hangzhou high-speed rail bridge site a section of Buyun bearing scaffolding collapsed, three construction workers on the scaffolding is being buried on the spot ... .... According to the National Construction Safety Accident statistics in January 2010 to April, total national production safety more and more construction accidents 27, the death of 83 people and injuring 108 people, one person missing, trapped 10 people. Compared with 2009, the proportion of deaths and injuries increased by 40% year on year and 41.18%. construction accident after another, causing widespread concern at home and abroad. accident further told us that safety and quality stability is not enough, the situation is still grim. So, what is the reason that ensure safety and quality of construction has become difficult and far-reaching topic ?
1 explore the safety and quality of the problem
1.1 The first responsibility of business people is difficult to set an example
Reference to safety and quality work is weak as the first responsible person's business leaders complain the most are the following execution is not enough awareness of short-line operators book, but very little examination to reflect on the quality of their work is of sufficient attention to safety, whether to insist on personally.

The quality of a construction enterprise security inspection team to conduct a quArterly inspection of the site. On-site safety problems, quality issues rectification, the project manager in charge of the scene asked: "general manager toured the site three or four months no opinion, Director long couple of days ago to check the site, nor the views you have an opinion how the fire out? "
1.2 90% and 10% of the upside down: not to improve safety and quality awareness
In a large state-owned construction enterprises, the reporter looked at dozens of cases the analysis of materials, safety and quality incidents, they regard the safety consciousness as the primary cause of the accident should be said, this is blood and tears for the first lesson.

There are special statistics showed that 98% of the accident is because the human causes, human factors, a poor sense of safety factors account for 90 percent, while the level of security technologies account for less than 10% from the safety of many construction companies quality training, we concluded that: 90% of the energy they spend on security technology skills training, but only 10% of the energy spent on security awareness training, so 90% and 10% of the upside down, indicating that the construction company employees The neglect of safety and quality awareness training, which is the construction company's outstanding safety performance quality consciousness.

1.3 "Shortage" + "skills shortage" = safety and quality incidents
Construction industry not only in high risk industries, while living and working conditions difficult day, mostly dirty, tired, bitter living and now more channels of employment of migrant workers, very few young people choose to do construction laborers. Coupled with the continued construction market in recent years expansion, the rigidity of the labor demand for workers is also growing, building services should be added into the staff difficult order to finish the work, the project depArtment frequent overtime to existing staff, and some even more than 14 hours a day's work, which led to their lack of energy, thinking, concentration, hands and feet are not flexible, safety and quality incidents, of course there is the opportunity. In addition, because the site labor shortage, many companies had to "patchwork." construction in the city, took the road on the "guerrilla services" pull to make up the numbers in the Murano construction, went to a nearby village to village collecting sufficient numbers of migrant workers are not trained or training in place, can not guarantee the quality of personnel services, on-site safety and quality can not be simply to protect the natural.

1.4 out of because the progress of the "ghost"
Moment in the construction sector is not only large projects, but generally a tight schedule with the past than in the same conditions, the same amount of work, duration generally shortened by nearly half or more. Schedule conflict, and safety and quality, the duration of the pArties often focus of attention. Thus, the construction forced various pressures, and some even political pressure (such as performance engineering and the like), had to make way for the duration of safety and quality In order to catch when the rush, the scene chaotic, barbaric construction, etc. problems everywhere, and supervision of the construction side side also "last resort" and passive "fit."
1.5 non-compliance with market players "game rules"
Construction units, supervision units and construction units in accordance with the contract established a relationship of equality in civil law, but because the market has been distorted in the project cost, safety and quality, professional clause and labor force choices, and so shorten the duration of the temporary construction units are often a dominant position, while the construction and supervision units to note passively obey.

Province a focus on engineering, site supervision team of suspension issued to sub-rectification notice, subcontractors time and time again raised the construction unit leadership, time and again by the construction unit to resolve a variety of reasons and when they can not reconcile the contradictions, the construction unit in the withdrawal of supervision units required to adhere to the principle of on-site supervision. back to replace the supervision of the "lessons" learned his predecessor, had to muddle along, on-site safety and quality issues laissez-faire, is the only pray not to the event site.

2 the crack of the policy
2.1 to strengthen the leadership in the construction process
As construction companies, project safety and quality must be established to protect the organization and production responsibility system for safety and quality, overall responsibility for the implementation of unit leaders, project managers in charge, full-time security staff and the quality of construction and technical personnel responsible for on-site, regional head of construction team , the operator responsible for the work of the position of "five responsible for the" system, the implementation of job safety and quality responsibilities and economic interests linked to the enterprise is responsible for leadership and members of the project depArtment of engineering safety and quality practiced security responsibility the project manager and other team members but also to adhere to the construction site, the real implementation measures to the construction site, will effectively solve various types of risks at the construction site of China Railway Construction Corporation in the tunnel construction, the implementation of the project led by the Department into the tunnel site with a class system, is to project leadership the process of implementing a major in construction management initiatives.

2.2 will effectively enhance the quality of full security
Safety and quality is the main construction companies, however, the quality of the main internal security of all employees. To play the main role, the most important thing is to enhance the quality and safety of all employees will. Safety and quality will be employees, production and operation process generated from the heart the desire to do the work safety and quality and will, if not the wishes of safety and quality, difficult to produce and lasting sense of presence. to improve staff safety and quality from a safety and quality enhancement will realize that changes in the staff form voluntary safety and quality will have to change the traditional ideas of education content and methods, methods, efforts to solve the "security for whom" question, so change "to safety" to "I want security." Links to free download http://www.hi138.com 2.3 increase investment in safety and quality
National Security Council (NSC), a survey showed that companies in the security management for every $ 1 invested, an average decrease of 8.5 dollars in accident costs should correctly handle the safety and effectiveness, the relationship between quality and efficiency, security funds should be security, safety input to the full, security should be in place, on-site security facilities must be comprehensive, protective equipment quality to be excellent, with operations security environment. Strengthened from the material, product purchase to start to approach tested and put into use in quality control, enhanced device control, the implementation machinery and equipment procurement, installation, disassembly, inspection, testing, use, regular warranty, maintenance, transformation and end of life management system review the qualifications of machinery and equipment supply unit capacity, production licenses, review the machinery and equipment safety, reliability and stability of compliance with relevant regulations, to strengthen the safety inspection, regular and irregular inspections of special equipment, large equipment, security and insurance device, check template support, concrete setting and maintenance status, lashing and other safety and quality profiles, so they are always safe control. All these need to have enough investment to guarantee the investment, the book should be in the bidding to be clear, the lack of assurance should be given to market access in severe sanctions.

2.4 effective implementation of science and technology enterprise strategy
We need to put science and technology enterprise strategy, improve technological level, one employee skills to meet the job requirements, the second is the technological level, so that the construction tasks and adapt to bear in improving employee skills, we want to adhere to the principle of pre-job training. Those who entered the construction site all personnel must be safety laws, regulations, safety knowledge, safety skills, education and training and strict examinations and assessment, to confirm eligibility before entering employment, employees to organize, especially in construction technology to learn about construction and acceptance of norms and standards to project technical requirements, construction methods and quality standards, items on manager, technology, quality control, safety management and supervision of engineers and other qualifications for appointment system. Without the existence of training posts, the phenomenon of special operations personnel without certificate of enterprises, to criticize the education, the circumstances are serious to be punished according to law.

2.5 strictly regulate the construction market order
Regulate the behavior of the construction unit, not mutilated project bidding, construction team does not default, not investigation, design, construction and supervision of engineering and other units to make any violation of safety and quality laws, regulations and compulsory standards requirements, the contract duration is not so random compression ;
Real responsibility for the implementation of safety and quality 2.6
Construction of a large-scale investment, long construction period, more so in the main, responsible for safety and quality are also many. Government regulators should be very far, "who's in charge, who is responsible for the" principle, strengthen supervision and law enforcement ranks independently assume the main responsibility for safety and quality supervision. Such as construction units, survey units, design units, construction units, engineering and safety and quality supervision unit and other relevant units of work safety and quality must be placed in important positions, the implementation of corporate safety and quality of work as the legal representative of the first duties of responsible , establish a sound internal quality assurance system security, improve and implement safety and quality of accountability, improve safety and quality control index evaluation system.

2.7 safety and quality of supervision and management of innovation
Enterprises to government affairs, corporate affairs public, open to restrict the power for the government department in charge of construction and professional engineering departments, in order to for business intelligence, project and other practitioners and the project for approval, if there is a significant hazard, it must supervise the handling, incident handling, the relevant enterprises and personnel reward and punishment, the whole process to be open through the media, consciously accept social supervision, for enterprises, public service enterprises to further deepen the work, the implementation of an open competition for project managers, professional subcontracting and labor force open tender, public procurement of materials and equipment actually marked, to avoid the emergence of inferiority in black-box operation, project managers, construction teams and poor quality construction materials and equipment to bring the safety and quality risks.

2.8 held responsible for the accident to increase the intensity of
Not only do we have to strictly implement the major production safety accidents accountability system, but also to crack down on ignoring the law, ignore the regulation, ignoring the safety of the criminal acts, do not identify the cause of the accident left off, responsible untreated left off, implement corrective measures have been let off, the officer left off the end of an education at the same time, to increase the safety and quality of corporate responsibility for the subject accident accountability efforts. First, to increase the punishment for the accident business, the compensation compensation, the penalty of a fine, ordered to stop the closure of the consolidation, reduction of the lower level of qualification, professional qualification certificates revoked the suspension, the second is responsible for the accident to increase the accountability efforts, the vocational qualification certificate of revocation of suspension, the demotion demotion, dismissal of the dismissal, the penalty of a fine, the justice of justice.

3 Conclusion
With the world economy, construction has reached its peak of development in history, but the issue is safety and quality of construction limelight, more than through the analysis of the causes of construction accidents, along with a strengthened leadership in the construction process, will enhance the quality of full security, regulate the construction market order to crack the security measures can greatly reduce the security risk, effective control to reduce the occurrence of safety accidents. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com