Internal resources, capabilities and external networks for performance analysis of the interaction effect of net _ to write papers

Write papers Network: Abstract: This article from internal resources, capabilities and external networks perspective of the Research and Development capabilities and business, and university R & D capabilities, internal resources and internal resources and business links with the University on the financial performance and the role of Innovation performance, through the establishment of theoretical models and 270 Chinese enterprises to Research data, internal resources, capabilities and external networks for Innovation and interaction mechanism was discussed and found that internal R & D capabilities, redundant non-technical resources and different interactions between the external network links, the financial performance, Innovation and performance will have a different effect.

Keywords: internal resources, external network, Innovation performance, financial performance

1 Introduction For a long time, one-dimensional point of view to look at Innovation more attention, in a certain technology or technology based on the environment, there are a variety of ability categories, rather than one, they may have complementary capabilities in today's enterprise innovation management, to build flexible organizational structure, processes and innovative culture in order to respond quickly to changes in the environment, more conducive to successful innovation. Moreover, innovation is itself an interactive process, especially in today's society, in this era of knowledge economy, innovation fundamental is the knowledge innovation, and innovation in the era of the basic requirements of knowledge, in deepening the single-discipline based on the Research, and strive to interact with interdisciplinary knowledge integration, in this context the formation of a leading innovation, but also easy to to be imitated, as companies gain a competitive advantage. In the recent years of Research and practice in innovation management, internal resource capacity and external networks concurrent collaborative innovation activities of enterprises will have a huge role in promoting success. So from the perspective of a more comprehensive analysis of the elements of an integrated interactive effects of innovation is necessary.

2 Literature Review and assumptions

2.1 R & D capabilities and business ties to the interaction of business performance
R & D capabilities of the enterprise knowledge accumulation and effective means, and choose a different knowledge will form different technical capabilities, resulting in different performance. In addition, R & D capabilities to give companies the right time for important events, opportunities and external threats to make conscious reaction to obtain or maintain competitive advantages. Therefore, the R & D capabilities to help companies enhance the use of resources, the accumulation of knowledge, and thus better business performance.

Enterprises are profit-oriented organization, although R & D capabilities to enhance the formation of a large number of R & D results, but to its commercialization into profits, with the necessary market information. Business ties influence innovation performance as an external factor because it will provide effective market information. It seems that corporate R & D activities and market activities are complementary, that is, R & D capability and management business contacts is to promote the level of business performance are complementary, therefore, propose the following two assumptions:
Suppose la: R & D capabilities and business ties of interaction have a positive impact on the financial performance of the role.

Assuming lb: R & D capabilities and business ties of interaction on innovation performance has a positive effect.

2.2 R & D capabilities and university links to the business performance of the interaction of university ties (University ties) are business executives and university or Research institution relationships, the new scientific knowledge, an important source of China's universities or research institutions are subject to government control of the , and most of the universities and research institutions on R & D funding is provided by the government, therefore, cooperation with universities or research institutions and government to cooperate on similar. Peng and Zhou (2005) also pointed out that corporate managers linked with the University Unlike its commercial ties through universities or research institutes with links, companies can get more scientific and technical information, or through the purchase and cooperative research and Development of innovative ways to get more results.

Promote technological innovation from the perspective of managers by the University of contact to obtain the knowledge and technology for enterprises to enhance their R & D capabilities and provide the basis for protection, and, based on absorption capacity point of view, the integration of internal and external knowledge more certain degree of difference, the more we can enhance the possibility of innovation, so this information contact the University of channels provided by the scientific and technological knowledge and R & D capacity of the enterprise itself have the knowledge of the cross-integration can effectively form a combination of innovative knowledge , the University contact and business R & D capabilities are complementary, the interaction between the two innovations to enhance performance.

To promote improved corporate financial performance from the perspective of the enterprise is a for-profit organization, all activities are designed to maximize profits. Corporate R & D capacity building and establishing links are designed to improve the University's technological innovation capability of enterprises, and Both need a lot of money and resources, corporate resources are limited, so the relationship between the two alternatives is clear. In addition, because of limited resources constraint in the innovation process will be capital and other resources into R & D activities to the lack of market information and customer requirements gathering and understanding of the investment will lead to even though innovation is successful, but not accepted by the market, eventually leading to a large number of R & D investment to form a lot of costs, but commercial failure period can not recover its costs, which led to a decline in financial performance, so, the following two assumptions:
Suppose 2a: R & D capability and the University of contact interaction of the financial performance have a negative effect.

Assuming 2b: R & D capability and the University of contact interactions on innovation performance has a positive effect.

2.3 Redundancy of resources and business ties to the business performance of the interaction of previous studies show that the redundancy of resources both on the performance of innovative or have or promote or inhibit the role to the "promotion" theory point of view of scholars believe that, with redundant resources to the management control of the loose, so that organizations can comfortably experiment with new strategies to engage in innovative projects to cushion the impact of environmental change, to enable enterprises to better adapt to the complex situation of competition, thus enhancing performance, Tan and Peng (2003) also redundant resources that the organization of innovative activities of enterprises and enhance the performance has a positive effect. to the "prejudice" theory point of view of scholars believe that the redundancy of resources for innovation or performance has a negative effect, may reduce investment in innovation and experimentation or managers will not always follow the purpose of maximizing business interests to act, to encourage their self-service management practices, which harm to organizational performance. Recently, research has also shown that redundant resources, the impact on innovation or performance is not simple promotion or inhibition, a linear relationship exists between them, that too little or too much redundant resources to improve the performance of innovation, or be detrimental to this study tend to redundant resources of the enterprise's financial performance for promoting the role of point of view.

Business innovation performance improvement, the fundamental driving force is the company's technical research and Development capabilities. R & D capabilities of the enterprise knowledge accumulation and effective means of knowledge of the enterprise innovation activities to maintain competitive advantage fundamental source of power, and R & D capability is the knowledge of screening, access integration of the fundamental, as Raymond and St-Pierre (2010) pointed out, R & D innovation is the decisive factor. In order to improve product and service quality, enhance productivity, reduce manufacturing costs or the customer's activities and other business partners to make a timely response, companies must conduct research and Development activities, products or services, using some of the advanced production technologies (advanced manufacturing technologies, AMT) These advanced production technology to obtain will be internal and external influence of various factors, of which the most important is the company's R & D capabilities for enterprise innovation performance, there is no R & D capabilities to enhance, focus only on resource redundancy accumulation and market information in a large number of inputs, although may be able to find new market demands, but because of their own R & D capacity is insufficient to obtain more resources and market information are not for product and service innovation, so not focus on R & D activities , although the redundancy of resources and business contacts both, sufficient resources and the grasp of the market, but the innovation performance of enterprises to promote the role but will be reduced. Accordingly, the following two assumptions:
Assuming 3a: redundant resources interact with business contacts have a positive impact on the role of financial performance.

Assuming 3b: redundant resources in the interaction with business ties to the negative impact on innovation performance role.

2.4 Redundancy and university resources, contact the organization for the interaction of business performance redundant object of concern within the organization are mostly redundant physical resources such as funds, equipment, etc., in fact, redundant resource organizations, including some of the more important intangible resources, such as knowledge resources, relational resources, etc. These intangible resources will be redundant to provide physical redundancy for enterprise resources and new commercial products or services an effective way, information, market dynamics and market opportunities for enterprise provide additional capacity and timely market information for enterprises to cope with unexpected situations and seize market opportunities to provide protection.

As mentioned above, the University of contact can be said that enterprises' external R & D institutions, "the establishment of such a link is superior to competitors to enable enterprises to establish R & D capability.

Can be seen, companies seek to develop redundant resources and links with the establishment of the University of the dual strategy to provide the ability to enhance R & D, market information and explore innovative resources needed for the production and supply of that business and university links, redundant resources Development to enhance their performance are complementary. Therefore, the University of redundant links and resources to promote the development of both match the success of innovation activities. University of redundant links and resources together to effectively promote both improved corporate financial performance. Enterprise intangible redundant resources to provide effective market for business information, compared with physical redundancy of resources to fund innovation and capital equipment and other in-kind support to enable enterprises to have sufficient conditions for the innovation to the market, an accurate grasp of market information with the results of R & D activities, the formation of a product or business innovation service commercial success, improve financial performance, according to the above analysis, the following two assumptions:
Assuming 4a: Resource redundant links with the University of interaction have a positive impact on the financial performance of the role.

Assuming 4b: redundant resources contact interaction with the University of innovation performance have a positive effect.

In summary, this study's theoretical model shown in Figure l.

3 Research Methods

3.1 Sample Description
The study samples were mainly from Guangdong, Shaanxi, Henan, Jiangsu, Guizhou, Shandong, Gansu, Tianjin, Liaoning High-tech Economic Development Zone, or area businesses. Research methods including questionnaires and interviews of the way, the cumulative total of 600 questionnaires, 270 valid questionnaires. The distribution of the questionnaire include the state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, joint ventures, wholly foreign-owned enterprises, state holding enterprises, privately-held company in the large, medium and small variety of businesses, from the investigation corporate-owned industry, it seems, the majority of enterprises are highly innovative company, with good representation.

3.2 variable measurement
3. 2.1 R & D capabilities
R & D capabilities based on variables measured Guan and Ma (2003) [0] to

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com

And Beblerbas etal (2004), right, right of R & D capabilities on business performance research, select the following three indicators of R & D capability to measure: (a) advanced design methods, (b) R & D department and marketing department of communication and contact ( c) the past three years the company for R & D spending on personnel and equipment.

3 2.2 According to Nohria and redundant resources, Gulati (1996) research, this study used the following question items to measure the resource redundancy: (a) sufficient to meet our profit companies to develop the balance of the cost of market needs, (b) we have sufficient capital reserves to deal with unexpected demand for investment, (c) it is easy to obtain loans.

3.2.3 contact manager contact manager in the measurement, taking into account the context of China's research with the idea to Peng and Luo (2000) [12] of the research-based, designed to measure key questions contact manager, so questions not only items measuring contact managers, including business contacts and government contacts, and there are companies and universities and research bodies as well. By following a few questions gather information about business contacts and the University of contact data: Our senior management has close links with the following objects: (a) the customer's senior management, (b) vendor's senior management, (c) competitors, executives, (d) university, (e) research institutions.

3 2.4 Financial Performance
Peng and Luo (2000), Tan and Peng (2003) and Greenley and Oktemgil (1998) '131 description of corporate financial performance, the following four questions to measure their entries: (a) the total amount of sales growth, (b ) return on investment, (c) net profit, (d) return on assets.

3 2.5 Innovation Performance
According to Hagedoorn and Cloodt (2003) [14] on the innovation performance of the research on innovation performance measurement: (a) we have developed on the basis of existing technology for new products, (b) we do not have the development of new knowledge, (c) we are developing new technologies and different company, (d) the development of new technologies we are currently available in the market and different.

3 2.6 Control variables in this study, based on Luo (2007) [15] conclusions of the study, the firm size, geographical location and stage of development of the industry as control variables.

4 results

4.1 reliability and validity testing, correlation analysis resource redundancy, business contacts, contact the University, financial performance and innovation performance of the Cronbach's alpha coefficients were greater than 0.7, while R & D capabilities Cronbach's alpha value of 0.685, close to 0.7, indicating data with good reliability. the correlation coefficient between each factor were less than 0.6, indicating that multicollinearity less variable data for regression analysis in Table 1.

4.2 Hypothesis testing in this study, regression analysis step by step test interaction effects.

4. 2,1 R & D capabilities and business contact interaction of the business performance of the role of Table 2, model 3, R & D capabilities and business contacts to get the product terms and financial performance among a significant positive correlation, indicating that the R & D capabilities and business Contact interactivity together on corporate financial performance has a significant positive effect, assuming that la was statistical support, while in model 6, R & D capabilities and business ties the product and the innovation performance between a significant positive correlation, indicating that companies in R & D collaborative capabilities and business contacts both on the innovation performance has a positive role in promoting, through the statistical hypothesis lb verified.

4.2.2 R & D capabilities of interactive contact with the University's role on business performance in Table 3, model 2 from the analysis found that the University of contact between the financial performance there is no significant direct relationship, but Model 3 results show the interaction between the two items and financial performance between the significant negative correlation, although a significant level is not high, so Hypothesis 2a validated from model 6 of the results of the analysis to see, R & D capability and the University of contact interaction term and the innovation performance between the significant positive correlation, indicating that R & D capabilities and the interaction between the University of contact for companies to enhance innovation performance has a significant positive role in promoting, suppose 2b verified.

4.2.3 Redundancy and business links resource interaction effect on firm performance of model 3 from Table 4 was found in the analysis, interaction terms between financial performance and there was a significant positive correlation, despite the significant level is not high, Description enterprise resource redundancy and synergistic interaction of business ties with corporate financial performance a significant positive effect, Hypothesis 3a was supported.

Adding product terms in the model 6, the analysis shows that redundant resources and business links between innovation performance and the interaction term there was a significant positive correlation between hypothesis 3b did not pass the statistical verification.

4 2.4 Resource redundant links with the University of interaction effect on firm performance test in Table 5 is the University of contact and resource redundancy and interaction terms of financial performance and innovation performance influence the optimal scaling regression analysis from the analysis results , interaction term between financial performance and significant negative correlation between the description of the resources the University of contact between redundancy and alternative, both hinder the interaction between the two companies to enhance financial performance, Hypothesis 4a is not through statistical validation. Model 6 demonstrate the interaction term between innovation performance and there was a significant positive correlation, although a significant level is not high, assuming 4b verified.

5 Discussion and application of this research is different from the factors to consider unilateral mechanism of innovation, but from the perspective of the interaction of elements, considering the internal and external factors on the impact of innovation, analysis of different combinations of different elements of innovation the impact of innovation performance. business performance has multiple dimensions, including financial performance, innovation performance and so on. In management practice, as companies in which the different stages of development, managers think a different angle and other factors, firms may for different purposes, and emphasis on a combination of different elements, and thus lead to different corporate performance.

Studies have shown that internal R & D capabilities, non-technical resources, and different external redundant network links between the different combinations, to the performance of different types have different effect. First, the business-to-house R & D capacity development and management to establish close by both business contacts, can effectively promote the enterprise's financial performance and innovation to enhance the performance of the second enterprise in the development of their own R & D ability, attention and universities and research institutions specializing in research and development activities to establish the link between the organization of improve its innovation performance has a distinct role; but only paid attention to technology innovation and product development activities, ignoring market access to information, will hinder the improvement of the level of corporate financial performance. Third, the financial performance for the enterprise, the enterprise technical Africa Redundant accumulation of resources and business networks to provide market information to establish contact with the complementary role of the interaction between the two can co-promote each other, improve financial performance. Fourth, the redundant and non-technical resources, contact the University of complementary, two interaction of the enterprise's innovation performance has a significant role in promoting.

From a practical point of view, enterprises in order to obtain different performance - financial performance or the innovation performance - can use different combinations of internal and external capabilities, to build resources and configuration to achieve the desired objectives, capabilities and resources of enterprises elements of training activities has played a guiding role.

In the course of the study found that, on innovation and enterprise resource redundancy between the need for further research in the existing studies, the impact on relations between the scholars have different views and perspectives, including Tan and Peng ( 2003) to promote the point of view, Denis and Sarin (1999) and Nohria and view obstacles Gulati (1997) of the inverted "U" shaped relationship point of view, these disputes research redundancy of resources to promote the process of this study support the hypothesis "to promote the theory" point of view, but the statistical analysis of the results are in line with "blocking" point of view, so further studies should be based on existing research on the relationship between the sample and data analysis, and other researchers can also choose a different sample to verify to be more meaningful conclusions.

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com