On the perspective of school-age population changes in the primary education development analysis

Paper Keywords: primary Education; school-age population; new visual threshold
Abstract: Changes in school-age population continued to pose serious challenges to the Development of primary Education, but also to the Development of primary Education has brought an opportunity we should take advantage of this opportunity, rational distribution, improve quality, to develop primary Education.


As the population of reproductive age and declining fertility led to a sharp decline in the level of inertia, and population reproduction and family planning policy and its implementation, leading to constant changes in school-age population, when school-age population peak arrives, the social demand for Education by the Ministry, easily lead to educational resources in short supply; when peak after age population, but also easily lead to different levels of educational resources idle, therefore, adjust the layout for the elementary schools and some schools closed rather sobering place.


First, the primary problems in the Development

1. Problems in the Development of rural primary education
First, the service radius is too large for the school, the service radius of the larger service population of more schools, the greater the school size, the higher the educational benefits, but for the students, the service radius exceeds a certain level, on the contrary to the nearest school principle, the students go to school is very inconvenient, according YANG Yan Bao, Jiangsu Province, north, county 15 towns of the survey showed that: 1,200 students, the service radius of more than 2.5 kilometers accounted for about 40%, more than 5 km accounted for 10 percent, showing that there are many students in school is very inconvenient. Wind and rain in the winter season and weather, even high school students ride is 10 km difficult, not to make low-grade students, plus some rural road construction is not implemented, the students study very inconvenient.

Second, teaching is not in place funding for rural primary schools to adjust the layout of the irrational, the general method of merging the nearest, that is, to several conditions are relatively poor conditions of school students into better schools to go this way education scale, the teachers increased the number of students also increased, but funding for education has not kept pace, so the teaching conditions and has not been a corresponding improvement in more restricted school construction and Development of such practical adjustments has not been implemented, the education department to adjust the layout of the index to much, and gave the actual cost less, adjustment is difficult to cast, the rural tax reform, abolition of education around the corresponding surcharge, public rural schools extreme shortage of funds, so they worry all day long on how to maintain the operation of schools and unintentional inability to think school construction and development, poor teaching conditions.

Third, the logistics facilities is lagging behind. Go long way to go to school for this situation, many schools adopted a method of boarding, but according to Yang Yan Bao survey showed that most schools do not have the boarding conditions the county has 14 townships, Only one town has a boarding school, boarding school in the rural areas the conditions are particularly poor, a large dormitory to accommodate fifty or sixty students were boarding, the ground wave was, poor lighting conditions, hygiene conditions are not standard and even then, there Many students want to get boarding arrangements to live off-campus, while off-campus rental house, the owner for their own immediate interests, admitted too many students, not only accommodation is poor, there is no guarantee safety for both psychological and physiological not mature children, parents and teachers do not discipline and guidance, in the face of this melting pot society, when many of the children strayed into the wrong direction. some have even embarked on a criminal path.

Fourth, the cost of high school, according to estimates, a student boarding at least a year to spend 2,200 yuan, plus the usual collection of some of the insurance, uniforms and some other costs, the actual amount may be even more in rural areas, Most families have two children, low income of the farmers, however, so for them, family burden is heavy because of the low cultural level of farmers in general, rapid changes in society so that they recognize the importance of education because their not time nor the ability to counseling children, so choose for their children full-time school attendance, and higher fees in such schools, about a year to spend 5,000 yuan. This is for rural families, the burden is too heavy. can be seen, the rural school costs increase, so that parents bear.

2 city problems in the development of primary education
First, pay attention to the scale of the neglect of quality by way of merger to adjust the layout of this is a good idea. However, they focus on the quality scale ignored, although the number of students increased, but their conditions have not improved, even school Quality has also been ignored. Some schools, one grade up to more than twenty classes, class size is 70-80 people ranging from students after school activities are also free to consider safety issues due to limited student's personality not play coupled with the class are too many poor teaching effectiveness, so that students can not fully develop freely.

Second, focus on efficiency, ignoring fairness. Merge this development model, scale, shared resources, so the last idle educational resources are used efficiently, increasing the educational strength, but combined with the way that non-key schools focus on the growing gap between schools, educational inequities is very conspicuous. the relative lack of quality educational resources and a high threshold, however, some parents "care relationship", "back door" key scrambling to send their children to school, and some even the use of money and the right to seize the original shortage of quality educational resources and therefore, social trends and social stability has been adversely affected, the original sacred work of education is also infected with the "stench", which is entirely contrary to the nature and purpose of teaching.

Third, decentralized campus, management difficulties. Some schools are divided into three or four campuses, this way, school leaders and inspection is very troublesome. Campus scattered, severe distortion of the transmission of information the school, school leaders failed to check if the school fails effective teaching and education in information exchange and feedback, we can imagine, the whole school is bound to a management in place, the decline in the quality, efficiency decline and other issues. Campus spread also makes a number of schools in resource allocation problems. the Campus teachers with uneven, uneven campuses teaching equipment, teaching and learning conditions are not the same campuses, education funding is not the same, then the result may be due to the irrational distribution of the emergence of a number of adverse consequences.


Second, the primary education development Possible?

1 school-age population decline, the situation can change in short supply of primary education
The late 20th century due to population reproduction inertia, a time when school-age population peak, the community's demand for primary education, the formation of a short supply situation. Today, however, decreased as the number of child-bearing age population and family planning policies are implemented the impact of school-age population continues to reduce this time, society has reduced the demand for primary education, primary education has long been in short supply just can ease the situation.

(2) the use of school-age population to reduce the opportunity to re-rationalize the allocation of educational resources
Fertility rate, births to reduce the school-age population will be reduced. School-age population will decrease in the allocation of educational resources to enhance the flexibility for reasonable educational resources, we must firmly be abolished or merged. Scientific and rational reduce the number of schools, school size optimization, continue to improve school infrastructure and equipment, these re-rationalize the allocation of educational resources have benefited from measures to reduce school-age population. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com 3 school-age population decline, save and make full use of existing educational resources
Decline in fertility, reduce the number of students, whether necessarily mean disaster or a threat? Proved, this is a rare opportunity because the school-age population decline, not only can save educational resources, but also through the integration of existing educational resources and improve the level of investment and the quality of educational resources, to play the biggest role of existing resources.


III. How can the development of primary education?

1 in terms of primary education in rural areas
First, local conditions, rational distribution in the school layout adjustment, we must look at the problem comprehensively and rigorously. Layout of the school by the local traffic conditions, geographical location, population density and Economic development level, and other factors, we should do because to the system should. Economic development, good traffic distribution can be less in rural areas; poor Economic conditions, traffic conditions of the rural poor distribution can be a little more. In general, elementary schools, high school students in daily living is better, then high school can be relatively concentrated, while the lower grades for students, poor living skills, should be appropriately distributed from today's level of Economic development in rural point of view, scattered learn, double classes in rural areas still continue to develop necessary.

The second is to protect, strengthen management since the change management system for rural compulsory education, the State Council stipulates that the state is the main funding of compulsory education, so, governments at all levels should attach importance to education, increased investment would be the layout of the adjustment process in rural primary required level of government funding into the budget, adjusted for primary and secondary schools to establish special funds. For this part of the funding, the education department must carry out scientific planning and strict management, planned, step by step the gradual improvement of infrastructure and education facilities the same time, prices, health departments should also take responsibility, to strengthen supervision , supervision fees, as much as possible so that rural students do not have too much Economic pressure to maintain the vital interests of students.

2 in terms of urban primary
First, determine the teacher-student ratio, and science education standards, reasonable scale due to the inertia of population reproduction, population growth in China wavy movements. So, the school's student-teacher ratio will increase as the population growth to changes, if not timely adjustment will lead to some elementary school students serious imbalance which affects the healthy development of school education and only student-teacher ratio to reach equilibrium, the development of primary education to be healthy, and the only way to protect the legitimate rights and interests of teachers and students, education school administration must also infrastructure and equipment to strict supervision, for non-compliance of the strict rectification or suspension of the school, so, in determining school size, we should be cautious.

Second, the rational use of existing teaching resources, educational function into full play. For each primary school is not exactly the same, the education department should be a reasonable use of administrative means to regulate the deployment of existing teaching resources, to strengthen the weak support for school development efforts. So as soon as possible with other schools in the same starting line, we should follow the current trend, the rational development of small-class education to encourage teachers individualized to improve the quality of teaching.


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