Explore the construction of water conservancy projects quality management

[Paper Keywords] water project quality management recommendations
[Abstract] quality of the project is the country's economic and technological level of expression of a nation's scientific and cultural qualities of an important symbol. Investment in large infrastructure construction, water conservancy, public welfare and strong, the economic and social development has an important role to ensure that construction quality, and infrastructure capabilities to play, will be the continued development of national economy and social well-laid the material foundation for this paper on hydraulic Engineering quality management problems in-depth analysis, and based on the recommendations.


Water project is a national infrastructure project, embankment, dam construction quality, related to people's lives and property, Engineering, quality will directly affect the national reputation and national image in recent years, widespread use of project water project construction corporation (the construction unit responsible for supervising the control unit, construction units and governments to ensure the quality of supervision of a combination of quality management system. this system in the proper use of national Investment to guarantee the quality of water conservancy construction, played an important role.

An impact on the quality of water conservancy construction of the main factors
First, the "person", including participation on the basis of the construction of the organizers, commanders and operators. Every staff member directly or indirectly affect the quality of the project, improve project quality is the key to improving the quality of people, including people's political ideological level, physical fitness, etc. high quality and their high quality work will bring high-quality products.

The second is "material", material from the following aspects of management control: strictly off purchase of materials, rational use, reduce losses, the establishment of inspection system, strict quality control, reasonable disposal of surplus material.

The third is "mechanical" construction machinery and equipment for construction quality has a direct impact, so in the construction machinery and equipment selection, attention should be economically reasonable, technically advanced, easy operation and maintenance and so on.

Fourth, the "method", including the construction plan and construction process and some projects often ill-considered plan for the construction or construction Technology behind the delay caused by the construction schedule, quality below standard and additional Investment, etc. Thus, in the development and construction program construction process, we must combine Technology, organization, management, economic and other aspects of a comprehensive analysis to determine the construction scheme is technically feasible and economically reasonable, and help to improve the quality of the project.

Fifth, the "environment" and environmental factors impact on the quality of the project, with the complex characteristics should therefore be based on the Engineering characteristics and specific conditions, environmental factors affecting the quality of useful measures to strictly control the construction site, especially, should be to create a civilized civilization construction and the production environment. More important is to improve relations between local people, comply with local custom.

2 measures to improve the quality of water conservancy construction
2.1 to expand the functions of Quality Supervision, improve project quality level
With the continuous improvement of water conservancy social benefits, flood control flood control capacity of the increasingly significant, its quality has a direct impact on the safety and environmental protection, flood control, affect the vital interests of the majority of the people. To this end, the means of quality control should also take the kinds of measures: ① strictly according to Law. for construction Engineering survey, design, construction, construction and other units to enhance anti-<<Construction Law>> publicity and other related Laws and regulations, seize the survey, design issues, the quality is guaranteed from the source. ② to project quality standards for the purpose of increasing efforts to promote enterprise and improve quality assurance system. improving the quality of the final Engineering construction enterprises rely on, only to increase the compliance monitoring in order to better promote business and improve on-site quality assurance system, quality of water conservancy solid foundation. ③ to play a benefit for the hydraulic control slow, difficult to control the quality of the project the appearance of technical difficulties, we should look to improve the quality construction and engineering to grasp the intrinsic quality as important as location, using the visual quality 一票否决制. the specific requirements of the construction party in key parts of the construction of the development of special technical measures, supervision units designated targeted supervision rules, requiring the construction side of each process to do technical tests, to strengthen each process of the technical tests, each process of strengthening the self and mutual inspection work. a quality appearance of the problem of the rework of rework, the rectification of the rectification. ④ construction of major quality problems tend to occur in the foundation and main structure of the construction phase, a volume control of these two phases of the project quality, risks can be eliminated on the basic In particular, respond to excavation, a large volume of concrete pouring, underground works, the main structure of the template support systems, steel banding, mechanical and electrical equipment, metal structure installation and other projects involved in the operation of equipment to strengthen checks on the template installation quality control, concrete mix, slump, test block production, conservation standards and focus to do spot checks with the conditions of conservation.

Proper handling of quality defects 2.2
In recent years the rapid development of water conservancy construction, quality defects are followed, will also affect the project's social and economic stability of people's lives and play. Engineering quality processing defects, should give full consideration to social benefits, reducing the defects treated the impact was, as far as possible take part rework and repair methods, while in the construction does not destroy the original structure, reasonable shorten the construction period, so that processing defects disappear in the bud. Links to free download http://www.hi138. com 2.3 strengthen their leadership and responsibility
The importance of leadership or not is to improve the quality of water conservancy work is an important prerequisite. Water authorities attach great importance to water conservancy project quality management, responsible to the people and the real sense of responsibility to history is responsible for the quality of the projects are implemented. Full implementation of the accountability, clear unit leaders, project leaders, engineers and technicians and specific staff responsibilities, and levels of responsibility, and strengthen supervision and inspection. in accordance with water standards and technical requirements, quality problems, no matter what happens the parties are should be held accountable, that quality of the project tenure. the parties to solve the engineering quality of the project regardless of how the problems just leave the drawbacks, so that the project personnel to take responsibility.

2.4 strict implementation of water conservancy construction program
Strict implementation of <<Interim Provisions on water project construction program management>> and related documents, to project a good project, to be built, start, completion and acceptance of other important juncture, the last phase of any project not completed, shall not approve the next stage of work strictly engineering design approval system, without the approval of the project allowed to start, and resolutely put an end to "trilateral" project in strict accordance with unit, division, unit project for quality assessment, without the acceptance of any project may not proceed to the next phase of operational or construction. project acceptance, the agency must evaluate the quality of supervision and advice.

Vigorously promote the construction of water conservancy 2.5 "Three Systems"
Practice has proved that the implementation of water conservancy construction project legal person responsibility system, the tender contract system and the construction supervision system (ie, "Three Systems", is a fundamental measure to ensure the quality and only the legal person effectively take full responsibility for the construction of the project, in order to follow market economic Laws tissue engineering building, from all aspects of construction projects to ensure project quality.

2.6 the development of supervision rules, clear goals of supervision
According to engineering requirements provides supervision objectives, schedule, personnel and material property plan, as well as the control to achieve these goals the basis, method, system and guarantee system, etc. to develop supervision rules, all parts of the master, the process, the phase is quality standards, quality inspection, quality evaluation and acceptance are all detailed requirements to enable construction companies and site personnel are aware of all the quality control what, how, and how to evaluate the effect of doing, but also facilitate mutual coordination and The process of convergence, while the establishment of quality assurance system, including institutional quality, quality systems, quality control personnel, quality, and clear authority and quality control personnel at all levels of responsibility.

2.7 strict technical management
Technology management, including technical responsibility system, the construction diary, drawing reviews, technical tests, technical review, materials testing, technical files, project acceptance and other systems. ① Technical responsibility: engineering and technical personnel specifically requires that each of their responsibilities and authority, clear division of labor their duties, to facilitate the division of labor to do their technical work, ② the construction diary: In the construction process, construction Technology leader must do a good job of construction diary, each day the construction work, and deal with problems Methods and results documented, preserved, and final acceptance as a basis for quality assessment, ③ drawing Mixed: do this work, reducing construction errors, and to ensure early completion of construction tasks, ensuring construction quality is essential, if identify problems, can be promptly corrected, and detailed records, into the technical file, the purpose of eliminating errors, ④ technical tests: the tasks involved in the construction of professional and technical personnel and workers fully understand the characteristics of the burden of engineering tasks, technical requirements, construction Technology, etc. be aware of, ⑤ technical review: In the construction process, the implementation of each of the technical work, there must be someone to review, to prevent bias, correct mistakes, to avoid man-made project quality accident, ⑥ materials testing: Construction various materials used in construction sites, such as steel, cement, coarse sand, gravel, etc. should be random checks, meet the design requirements before use, to ensure construction quality, ⑦ technical files: In order to systematically accumulated construction experience, information needs, from project started on the establishment of technical files, organize the collection of information, until the end of the project, all information must be preserved original records accurately reflect the situation, and technical director of a formal validation opinion, is not allowed to modify, add to; ⑧ project acceptance: in each various parts of a single project, especially the hidden project, a complete an inspection, acceptance before the next one, or parts of the construction process while also providing for the completion and acceptance of complete technical data.

2.8 after a serious check
First, the quality control points, critical parts or quality parts in question after the re-examination, such as settlement observation geometry retest, etc. Second, the quality assessment criteria in strict accordance with the unit, division, unit project acceptance certification organization. Not not be qualified engineering inspection certification. Third, the implementation of quality guarantee system, so that "create" a period of time by tracking quality assurance, improve service responsibility for its shortcomings. Fourth, in a certain period of time, try to make the project in the design load conditions after commissioning and acceptance of the entire engineering organization.

References:
[1] <<Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Quality Monitoring and defects prevention book>> China Environmental Science Press, February 2002.

[2] Zhong Qinghua: <<water project quality inspection and control>>, Anhui Science and Technology Press, October 2003.

[3] Kun Li Qiang: "Water quality control of construction >>,<< China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Market>> 2004 3.

[4] Zhao Honglong: <<test methods proposed to improve the quality of water conservancy projects >>,<< Huaihe River>> 2001 01. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com