University of schema theory in the English speed reading application

Abstract: speed reading is a quick way to find the article to the effect of reading, is the CET exam after the reform of the new kinds of questions, in real life there is great practical value in learning to help students cope with four in English CET changes more quickly and effectively master the reading skills and methods to improve the teaching of English reading level is a priority. schema theory proposed reading is "bottom up" and "top-down" between the two modes role and while processing the text information "exchange" process, can be effectively applied to guide the icon to read English fast reading method, rapid reading of reading skills.

Keywords: schema theory, College English, Applied

First, schema theory
The traditional mode of teaching college English reading advocate the use of "bottom-up" (bottom-up model of the passive decoding manner. teaching methods just as a simple text to teach students grammar and language point of the carrier, the expense of students' reading speed and ability to understand, resulting in slow reading ability of students. As applied linguistics, psycholinguistics and other cross-disciplinary development, it was discovered that reading is a very complex, dynamic (psycholinguistic guessing game, that reading is, "since the down "(top-to-down model of the active" speculation - confirmed the "process .20 In the 1970s, artificial intelligence expert Rumelhart (DE Rumelhart) suggested that reading is" bottom up "and" since the down "the interaction of these two models with text messages while processing" mutual exchange "process," bottom up "information processing to ensure that the reader can discover new information points and find the information with their different assumptions," since down "information processing is to help readers eliminate the ambiguity in the meaning of terms may make the logical choice of this Rum Hart interaction model (the interactive model called schema theory model (the schema theory model, is a more comprehensive theory to explain the process of reading comprehension, according to schema theory, reading comprehension in the final analysis is the appropriate schema to populate the new schema information so that specific process, the content can be directly filled or understand inferred indirectly understanding the reading comprehension process is conducted under the guidance of the schema is activated and construct the appropriate schema and populate the new information in the process, when all the vacancies have been filled with important information, articles incurs fully understood.

Second, schema theory and reading skills quickly
(A pre-reading (pre-reading
Reading is a constant to predict or confirm these predictions and complex process. In other words, when the brain receiving text messages, will make a series of judgments, reasoning, then, it will read further to find the relevant information to confirm these judgments is established by pre-reading, can help the reader to infer an exploratory article content that may be involved, and to promote positive thinking reader, effectively stimulate interest in reading, thus greatly improving reading speed and effectiveness.

1 article title (title pre-reading
CET purpose of speed reading is part of the test to find out accurately and quickly answer questions and make points, not in order to obtain enough information, so the questions behind the ten subject reading intervention is important in the access to read the article detail, casual working on pre-reading questions, predict the main content of the article, to seize the key words to quickly locate the original text, omitted nothing to do with the topic of information is a time-saving, and further stimulate the brain to the depth chart style the best strategy.

2 subtitle (sub-titles) pre-reading
In the relatively short length of the article reading comprehension test, you can directly use the key words which the subject position, but voluminous quick read, which candidate should first pay attention to the article's subtitle in the CET were quick to read In fact, examining the relationship between a proactive and contact the corresponding capacity, the role of subtitle like a dictionary in which the front of the catalog, can help candidates grasp the article macroeconomic framework, effective information quickly to find the range, to avoid duplication of reading and questions dry to do with the information to improve the relevance of search time. related to the macro-point test, when all the sub-headings together is often a source of answers to questions.

(B skimming (skimming and scanning
Schema is stored by the human brain a past experience or background knowledge of the composition of units, is a structure, a framework of any corpus, whether oral or written, are meaningless in itself, only to guide the listener or the reader's knowledge according to their original form or to restore its specific meaning; stressed people understand new things, new things, and shall have the concept of knowledge, past experiences and new and old things, combined background knowledge, ( that information must be entered with the mind to save the schema consistent with each other, otherwise people will not understand the input of new information, and understand the output and processing new information. skimming the 1 in a relatively short period of time to read about 200 words Materials and candidates in the brain linked to an existing schema. skimming, also known as jump (reading and skipping or visit (scanning, is a specialized, very practical and effective method of speed reading so-called skimming, refers to as fast to read, as the bird's eye view from the plane (birds eye view as a clear sign on the ground quickly to get the article to the effect, or central idea, which activate the brain in a short time the corresponding schema. In other words, skimming is to ask readers to read selectively, you can skip irrelevant details with casual working, in order to grasp the main contents of the article, thus speeding up the reading speed, according to statistics, a little well-trained reader (skimmer's reading speed can reach 3 000 words per minute, or even 4000 words.

Skimming can use the following techniques:
1 full advantage of printing details (typegraphical details), such as books or articles of the main title, subtitle, subtitle, bold words, comments, words in italics, punctuation, etc., of books and articles to predict skimming (preview skimming. For forecast skimming to understand the author's writing ideas, text structure means (mode, in order to take effect, the details and their mutual relations.

2 student general reading speed (200-250w/pm read the article at the beginning of one, two stage, and strive to grasp the article to the effect, background knowledge, the author of the article style, tone, tone and attitude.

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com 3. Read the paragraph topic sentence (topic sentence) and conclusion sentences. Seize the topic sentence paragraph to the effect on the master, then do not read the details omitted in order to ensure skimming speed.

4 Note that turning words and word sequences. Transition words such as however, moreover, in addition, etc., sequence words firstly, secondly, etc. graphic (figure and background (ground is an important concept in cognitive linguistics, the first two terms to Gestalt psychology in the form of self-perception based. graph refers to a cognitive concept and perception in the prominent part, that part of the focus of attention, the background is the outstanding graphics and background parts. determine the factors that are graphic Gestalt perception, easily be perceived as things usually have a complete graphical shape, structure, consistency and mobility, therefore, more likely to be perception, attention, recognition, memory and understanding. depends on the choice of graphics moving direction of the focus of attention, observation orientation and so on.

(C positioning (localization)
As a quick look casual working information reading skills, look for reading both for speed and asked to find the accuracy of reading. Specifically, look for reading with a clear purpose, a targeted selection of line with most probably taking the answer Therefore, the whole text can directly come into the brain, not every word, sentence of eleven to look over this time, the subject should be based on a theme of the subtitle part of the subject positioned under, and then in the part on the subject Keywords: (such as proper names, numbers, punctuation marks and other special precise positioning. This method can not guarantee accuracy, but also reduce the use of time.

Third, strengthen the need for English language teaching speed reading and suggestions
(A quick reading ability in English to improve students need
As English learners, master the skills of speed reading, reading not only can expand the scope to expand knowledge, increase their knowledge, broaden their horizons, but also in frequent contact with the process of reading the language, consciously or unconsciously learn or master a large vocabulary, syntax and grammar, and thus enhance the sense of language, to improve their English language application integration capabilities. psycholinguistic theory that reading is a complex process of active readers and authors conducted two-way communication process in this process, readers need to experience positive active process of thinking in order to achieve the purpose of communication. U.S. experts Shi Road, Fu Boshi read that "the process of reading is the process of thinking." psychology point of view based on the reading, fast reading need dedicated, highly focused attention, therefore, from point of view of quality Education, to strengthen the teaching of English fast reading, help students quick-thinking ability.

(Two teaching suggestions
English quick to read the university CET exam kinds of questions, is one of the primary means of learning English and means. CET kinds of questions to increase speed reading reflects the requirements of the new program will promote Educational reform, help students and the overall quality of English ability. To this end, the author of English teaching management made the following recommendations.

1 select the appropriate level of student reading material quickly. With the previous fragmented reading materials, scientific and reasonable speed reading materials help teachers more effectively grasp the progress, more conducive to a planned, step, step by step guide students systematically develop reading skills, reading skills improve quickly.

(2) increase the proportion of speed reading class, adjusting class arrangement. Quick reading instruction should begin after the student enrollment, because the formation of good reading habits is not an overnight thing, early in the training needed to increase speed reading training to classroom teachers to better to model guidance, and promptly correct the bad reading habits. assigned to students after-school reading tasks quickly, so that teachers teach students to independent use of reading skills, while strengthening the supervision and inspection.

3. To stimulate students interest in reading, enhance students' reading confidence. Choose a topic of interest to students as reading material, choose a different genre of materials to stimulate student interest in reading. To carry out English fast reading contest. Classroom reading teachers encourage students to express their feelings and share the fun of reading through the recognition of accreditation, etc. to enhance students self-confidence. This is the correct way of bad reading habits.

4. Encourage students to read a lot of wide, let the students know that good English is read out, fast and accurate reading is a lot of practice, training out of the modern scientific theories are all learning that skill formation, the ability training can not do without a lot of hands. the formation of students' reading skills, increase reading speed and reading ability to read through a lot of practice to complete.

CONCLUSIONS
CET emergence of new kinds of questions quickly read, that in the "knowledge explosion" of the information society, candidates should have a lot in a relatively short period of time, quick access to text messages, capture, find key information quickly to make the right general and to determine the ability of cognitive linguistics, the author summarizes the theory under the guidance of previous experience and on speed reading skills, but involves only the tip of the iceberg. theoretical significance of cognitive linguistics is very important and will become the guiding Our breakthrough speed reading the university should follow the teaching of reading needs of the times, the use of schematic reading, to enrich the students background knowledge, to stimulate the brain potential to improve the speed reading speed and accuracy.

References:
[1] Yan-Fang Zhao. Cognitive Linguistics [M]. Shanghai: Foreign Language Education Press, 2002.

[2] Hu Chun-dong. English reading on the [M]. Nanning: Guangxi Education Publishing House, 1996.

[3] Guan Xia. Fast the teaching of English reading strategies [J]. Henan Mechanical and Electrical College, 2004, (1.

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com