Universities' customer-oriented "Analysis of pros and cons of teaching evaluation activities

Abstract: China's colleges and universities have generally adopted a "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation activities, on the one hand help to strengthen the motivation of teachers, standardized teaching behavior of teachers, promote communication between teachers and students and both teaching and learning, but also distorted the original university harmonious relationship between respect for teachers, students induced to please teachers utilitarian behavior which must be taught from the assessment ways, means and evaluation index system and other aspects to be improved.

Keywords: Customer-oriented teaching evaluation utilitarian

In recent years, the Western New Public Management movement advocated "customer-oriented" (customer orientation management philosophy in our popular government and related industries. Affected, our colleges and universities are generally rise to an "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation activities boom The so-called "customer-oriented", meaning the customer needs to run the organization as a fundamental driving force, the operation of the entire organization to meet customer demand for the most fundamental goal of its basic requirements are: standing in the position of the customer to think, depending on the customer The main assets, and customers to establish long-term interaction. Accordingly, the "customer oriented" service-oriented teaching evaluation refers to the campus Student-centered philosophy of Education, the school's students as "customers", the school All teaching activities emphasize customer-centrism as the core of the object, the customer is responsible, and customer satisfaction as a measure of the quality of primary school teaching as well as the only criterion. Objectively, the "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation activities, a change in the long university teaching departments adhere to the evaluation of teaching as the main mechanism for the management of teaching in colleges and universities almost set off a "revolution", has many positive, but at the same time, we must carefully look at the "customer oriented "teaching evaluation activities and their inherent lack of merit, so that its length to avoid the short Yang.

First, the "customer-oriented" activities of an active role in teaching evaluation
As the "customer oriented" services • author David Osborne and Ted Gaebler • pointed out, customer-oriented organization for the positive role of a public key is: (1 it can contribute to the service provider to the customer truly take their responsibilities, (2 members it can stimulate more innovation behavior, (3 it can foster customer choice, and to help them understand their rightful place and interests. university training as a high-level personnel, to provide Teaching public service organization, promoting "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation activities, of course, these positive effects. Specifically, in the following areas:
First, the teaching evaluation will help to enhance teachers' motivation to inspire teachers to increase investment in Education initiative and enthusiasm in the "customer-oriented" evaluation approach, because students in the online evaluation scores Xiangquan Yuan and even the school open, so , the results of assessment to teach the students the work of teachers had a direct impact on reputation. More importantly, many schools the results of the assessment of students and teachers to teach all kinds of awards and even linked to job promotion, which will undoubtedly have a greater teacher the pressure, for example, the author's school on the provisions in the annual evaluation of teaching, if certain teachers to teach any courses, the average evaluation score of all teachers at the college last 20% of the teachers can not participate in this year's title report can be imagine, reputation and job promotion in the work under the dual pressure, "customer-oriented" evaluation of teaching activities, the enthusiasm of teachers to improve teaching, improve teaching quality of the hard constraints force.

Secondly, the teaching evaluation help to regulate the behavior of teachers, teaching to enhance teachers' sense of responsibility for the well known, and now many university departments and professional, although academic and professional teaching methods and between their different styles, but how to teach a course or a more general evaluation criteria, while "customer-oriented" evaluation of teaching activities, first published by the Academic department of a general evaluation of the school system, and evaluation by the students refer to the end of the teacher in the school one by one score, which a practice, teaching and learning activities for teachers can play a role of guide and regulate, especially for those newly recruited staff of young teachers, they can be based on the established evaluation, tailored to regulate their own teaching behavior on In the author's university, for example, Dean set the school has 10 students in evaluation: (1 I admire the work of the teacher's attitude and professionalism, (2 I like the way the teacher's lectures, (3 teachers to explain clearly to the course, language-rich, (4 teacher's theory with practice, a vivid example, (5 teachers can introduce the subject of dynamics and development trends, (6 lectures progress, the difficulty of appropriate, focused, (7 a careful analysis of student work in the problems, (8 teacher's class to motivate and inspire students thinking, (9 I learned how to learn the methods of the course, (10 lessons that I improved the analysis of related problems. Clearly, the teacher will refer to these evaluation indicators, check Network in all teaching efforts, so as to continuously regulate their teaching activities.

Again, teaching evaluation will help teachers and students communicate with each other, to promote both teaching and learning in the "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation approach, students are "customers" and "God", which strengthened the consciousness of teachers, students, teachers urge more attention to teaching students to listen to the views of their needs, thereby enhancing communication between teachers and students with communication, such as, the author's teaching practice in recent years, great attention to understand the 80, 90 students of the psychological and behavioral characteristics, in each class Teaching will be a mid-term survey, the first to find out what they think, think, necessary, and according to the characteristics of these new groups of students to adjust teaching methods to design more participatory and interactive teaching classroom teaching part. Another According to my understanding, since the school launched the "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation activities, many teachers will pay more attention to listen to the views and aspirations of students and, based on these observations and recommendations for their teaching to make the appropriate adjustments.

In addition, "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation to develop the student's choice, will help students in the elective credit preferred mode now most of the credit system of university teaching, each semester students go through the teaching management system elective, but for the courses and teachers do not know, may affect the effectiveness of their elective, so students in the elective course selection before the assessment can be taught to understand the results of previous years as elective reference, this will help students to enjoy high-quality teaching resources to the university, broaden their academic horizon.

Second, the "customer-oriented" the inherent lack of teaching evaluation
Objective, the "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation is a good starting point for its activities in the community and the university are increasingly open and diversified trend, to some extent, this practice is acceptable, however, customer-oriented public service itself, but a questionable inappropriate metaphor, I believe that, in addition to many scholars have discussed the issues, universities and even if one-sided over-praised "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation activities for both students and teachers have with to the negative impact of missing and latent crisis of the following two aspects:

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com one hand, the "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation have implications for university Education of students as "consumers" rights consciousness, distortion of the University respecting the original re-teach harmony.

As we all know, the University is not a market, it provides the teaching of public services can not and general merchandise in the same language, and teacher-student relationship is more than a simple "buyer" and "seller" relationship, but in "customer metaphor" inappropriate value-oriented, many students think they are the center of the subject and the university, the school teaching service "consumers", while the teacher is only teaching service "line" on a front part, so, since the university is now given its own rights in this regard, it should be fully exercised, but the resulting two very good phenomenon: First, students participate in the evaluation of teachers teaching in itself is a reflection of democracy, but some students tend to muddle through on-line score or utilitarian choice, which makes the exercise of democratic rights into child's play, resulting in a lot of the phenomenon of irrational evaluation of teaching for example, some students of their favorite teacher or teachers usually is not strictly required all election A, while those who do not like the teacher demanding for students or teachers, evaluation of entries are selected not to see the C. The second is the right of students to use to evaluate teachers on the teachers made Ruchao behavior of some of the small number of students to teachers, brooding behavior, and thus erroneously the teaching evaluation activities as a teacher the opportunity to retaliate, thus affecting the reliability evaluation of teaching and validity for example, teachers for students because of dissatisfaction (such as excessive and difficult job, damage their own interests (such as teachers criticism, for the unsatisfactory results or other reasons (such as teachers and personal relationships, the teachers hold a grudge, so marked in the evaluation of teachers is very low scores.

On the other hand, "customer-oriented" to please teachers, student teaching evaluation induced utilitarian, in violation of university teaching basic purpose of seeking truth. The University is promoting human values, to teach ways of thinking and knowledge, the pursuit of academic truth place, therefore, teachers should abide by their professional ethics, pragmatic preaching to the students, Tuition, doubts, but in "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation mechanism, forced to work above a huge reputation and job promotion pressure, many teachers, especially teachers gave up some years after teaching in the dominant position, there has been deliberate to please the students are not normal. For example, many teachers in the online evaluation under great pressure, often the students led by the nose, the basic in accordance with the requirements of the students classroom lectures and management, in pursuit of the highest student satisfaction. Again, as a new generation of students like a variety of teaching methods, in particular, can bring the visual and auditory impact of multimedia forms of teaching, this lure many young teachers spend a lot of thought to create multimedia courseware in an attempt to attract students from the teaching methods more attention on its results is that young teachers are often in the form of teaching a lot of thought, but in the course of systematic knowledge of the lack of specialization in teaching, re-emergence of forms of teaching and teaching content utilitarian light phenomenon. Over time, not only affects the students basic knowledge on the subject and to master the basic theory of systems, but also to shake up the dignity of teachers and Educational activities necessary authority.

Third, the "customer-oriented" Reflections on teaching evaluation activities
For "customer-oriented" teaching evaluation mechanism for the coexistence of pros and cons of the issue, it is necessary to take appropriate measures to achieve the objective while avoiding disadvantages. I believe that the following three points are particularly important:
One way to adopt diversified evaluation teach, to reduce the information distortion caused by the problem of teaching evaluation. Realistic evaluation of teaching methods should be based on student evaluations as the main teaching supervision evaluation, expert evaluation, peer evaluation, leadership assessment, teaching management evaluation assistance, form a whole evaluation model. This is to give full play to the advantages of teaching evaluation and its role in promoting the teaching, but also avoid the small number of students and non-rational assessment of teachers to teach non-objective evaluation.

The second is to use a combination of qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods, teaching evaluation activities more humane to the characteristics of the former may be some objective, easy to operate, and close integration with the development objectives indicators as quantitative indicators for quantitative evaluation to This teacher's specific teaching measurable factors, but the teaching of quantitative indicators to assess the impact of the practice of many factors, some dynamic, full of personality characteristics of the teaching of quantitative indicators can not describe, and therefore qualitative evaluation is also necessary for example, through the author's school Student reviews of this qualitative evaluation methods complement quantitative evaluation of the content can not be expressed, thus avoiding the quantitative evaluation of the cold side, so that the teaching evaluation activities more flexible and user-friendly color.

Third, we must constantly revised and improved assessment of student evaluation index system, to make the "customer-oriented" teaching a more objective and scientific assessment, schools should be teaching quality, location and other dimensions of the target set index system, to avoid the subjective content of the abstract quantitative assessment , indicators point to close contact with the overall teaching, includes teachers teach, students learn the elements of a whole, reflecting the integrity of the teaching process, such as, teaching evaluation index system is not too refined, should be to simplify, to facilitate the students to grasp the overall Another example, should avoid the attitude of teaching, teaching and other relatively abstract quantitative assessment of subjective content. Again, the design of assessment indicators can not be taught entirely by academic departments to sing "one-man show," should be: on the one hand to listen to student's proposal to design the whole process of teaching students to perceive the target, within its ability to make an objective evaluation index, the other to listen to the teacher's suggestions, so let the evaluators know what, take the initiative with the evaluation of teaching , and will not produce rebellious or utilitarian tendency to please the students. References:
[1] • Ted Gaebler, David Austin • With <<to reform the government - the spirit of how to reform the public enterprise sector>> Shanghai: Translation Publishing House, 1996.

[2] Zhang Chengfu <<managerialism in public administration: Reflections and Critique>>, 2001, No. 1, p. 15-21 pages.

[3] Dong river fish. <<Quality of classroom teaching and evaluation strategies, "<<Inner Mongolia Normal University>> (Educational Science Edition), 2010, No. 3, p. 25-27.

Links to free download http://www.hi138.com