Reform of the political economy of Thoughts and Suggestions

Abstract: Universities of Political economy is the financial basis of an important theoretical courses. With the continuous deepening of China's Economic reform, Political economy, the tendency of being marginalized as university teachers of Political economy are deeply worried. In this paper, Political Economics courses, materials, methods and other aspects of the problem is analyzed. And from the guiding ideology of teaching, the preparation of a refined system of Political economy of reasonable content materials, based on political economy and other aspects of classroom teaching to improve teaching quality and recommendations.

Keywords: political economy teaching reform proposals

Universities of political economy is an important financial basis for the theory courses. With the continuous deepening of China's Economic reform, political economy, the tendency of being marginalized as university teachers are deeply worried about political economy. This paper is in political economy issues encountered in practice teaching of views and perspectives, as political economy teaching reform and recommendations.

First, the political economy problems in teaching
At present, the various versions of the tutorial as many as hundreds of political economy. Teaching materials and the main mode of system reform are: improved model, grafting mode, mixed mode, we currently use such by Pang Kam together the political editor of the 21st century Economics course (fourth edition, this material even after a number of changes, but on the content and system still has its drawbacks.

1, the current political problems in Economics textbooks, first from the textbook content, the content of the textbook chapter 21, which improved with the preparation of teaching materials, grafting, mixed into one of three modes combined its contents combination of both Marx and Engels, Lenin's theory, there are modern Western Economics and socialist Economic theory, is the largest integrated these theories, which has been four editions of this textbook. time were published in 2002, 2003, 2007 and 2010. materials words are more than 50 million words in the textbook features: wide range. Characteristics of the positive effect from this perspective, it may well be one or more suitable as a university teacher preparation and student reference books self-study materials, but for now, this material is the object of instruction full-time college student, their content appears heterogeneous, the lack of proper refining addition, materials used in tabular form the data is too old, such as teaching materials in Table 8-1 on page 126, "U.S. manufacturing rate of surplus value (1929 to 1985," the first textbook 173 Table 11-1, "the major capitalist countries in 1977, an important Economic sector, is the proportion of Chinese-owned enterprises (%." These data do not reflect the reality of this Economic phenomenon, which with the course materials for the 21st century, this propositions are incompatible.

Second, from the material system structure, the first is: "the general theory of political economy" has seven chapters, second is: "capitalist economy" there are six chapters, the third is: "socialist economy", 8 chapter of this system architecture, the first chapter, "general theory of political economy ', mainly by its content of Marx's" Das Kapital>> part of the theory, there is Lenin <<Imperialism>> part of the part of Western economic theory and the theory, there are those who compiled the book's other content editors choice, co-synthesis from the synthesis of the first chapter of this "general theory of political economy," make some reallocations between the lack of theory linking the inner necessity, such as the first chapter, "political general theory of Economics "in the Introduction to Chapter IV of the contents of the object of study in duplicate. The fifth chapter of" social reproduction of capital and markets to achieve "the sixth chapter," credit system and virtual capital "the transition between , two chapters of the theory is difficult to see the logical link between the inner Chapter VI, "the credit system and the virtual capital" to Chapter "competition and monopoly" of the transition, and the second "capitalist economy" in Chapter "Capitalism distribution" to Chapter "under the conditions of corporate capitalism," The two chapters on the degree of association is not close. This arrangement before and after the order becomes stiff. Chapter 12, "economic globalization and international economic relations of capitalism "and Chapter 13" of capitalism's historical status and trends "are also part of this problem. Also second" capitalist economy "in the" state monopoly capitalism and its intervention in the economy, "the chapter with the first chapter "general theory of political economy" in Chapter VII, "competition and monopoly," some have repetitive content above is I believe that the arrangement and content of the material system there is not reasonable compile aspects.

In short, the material on the architecture of the internal logic of the theory linking relations are not close, feeling in the course of the entire textbook chapter and chapter arrangement of the interface is not natural in theory, to a certain extent, affect the effectiveness of teaching.

2, the community on the political status of economics in modern economics to the political economy of one-sided understanding of the adverse effects of teaching the Soviet Union <<political economics textbooks>> in the 1960s after a long period of time , as the political economy of university teaching materials are used. With the depth of China's reform and opening up and development of market economy, the Soviet Union <<textbook on political economy>> is no longer as a textbook, while the <<Capital>> the main line of Marxist political economy in the status of modern economics, there is currently much debate in economic circles. one of the more popular argument is: the <<Capital>> with the former Soviet Union, the planned economy, the political economy of textbook equated the theory that it is only research value and the planned economy, not of wealth and the traditional economics of market economy, and is specializing in Western economics and the market economy, the wealth of modern economics. China is now mainly because we need study of the market economy, the wealth growth and economic development issues, so we need to use economics as a paradigm or a Western discourse and the development of this modern economics, Marxist political economy has nothing to do with the modern and China, it's a sets of discourse should be completely dispensed with. Although this argument does not fit the facts, is not conducive to modern economic theory and the development of China's market economy, but this view has some social groups. This awareness in students affected, resulting in a tendency to think that Marx <<Das Kapital, "as a symbol of the Marxist critique of capitalist political economy is, is a sermon. hundred years later, these theories the basic outdated, difficult to explain reality. this tendency and ideas to teach and learning more difficult.

3, subjects, levels and methods of reasons, first, in today's world, economics and Marxist political economy of Western economics, the two opposing theories. These two theoretical system and the object of study and level of use of the main methods all have significant differences. Western economics, focusing on the economy and the economic phenomena of the surface description and analysis, the main use of marginal analysis, empirical analysis, quantitative analysis, equilibrium analysis, and subjective psychological factors such as research methods. Marxist political economy, emphasis on the nature of economic relations analysis, which studies the relationship between objects and the objects behind the social relations between people, nature of the problem of economic regulations, reveal the law of social development. the use of mainly historical materialism and dialectics. Marxist political economy and Western economic learning methods or methodological differences, which are different attitudes towards capitalism, the Marx studied economics aimed at finding irrational capitalist society, economic causes behind the phenomenon, and to prove it, logically, we must explain capitalist society is the development of human society in the process of a stage in the evolution of human social history of a particular form of society, while this logic is only included in the concept of historical materialism and social development among Marx is the use of historical materialism methodological analysis of capitalism, the development of the law, and come with capitalism as a system of historical conclusions. Western capitalist economists have been of particular value orientation, that capitalism as a permanent , the ideal social system in which values, the modern Western economics major research resource allocation and the associated market mechanisms and some Western scholars and students of economics that sums up the market economy, some management experience, or even individual points has its own rationale and to some extent has integration with real economic problems, some of the theory has some relevance, the study of Western economics, the surface of these economic problems, likely to be accepted, while the study of Marxist political economy and economic phenomena of things nature of relationship between objects and the objects behind the social relations between people, students in the learning process requires a high degree of abstract thinking ability, which to some extent, so that students will be afraid of difficulties in learning.

Second, the political economy over the form of a large impact on the teaching of academic teachers and students to communicate ideas and theories of interaction, so hard and orderly classroom organization and management, which mainly classroom indoctrination on the way to a certain extent affect the effectiveness of teaching.

4, the teacher because the teacher is teaching the dominant. Teaching content filtering, depending on the choice of teaching methods, teachers in teaching methods, teaching political economy generally starting from the basic conceptual framework, a set of deductive reasoning through the logical principles of economics and around these concepts and principles of cite some specific examples and evidence to be analyzed. This teaching is good teachers can reflect the theoretical knowledge, but on the other hand to prove that this teaching so that teachers to prepare lessons, teaching the concept of energy used in the the definition and scope of logical reasoning, the pursuit of the logic of the theoretical system, integrity in the classroom teaching on the theory itself is full of depth and seems to have a lack of theory with practice. this teaching to teaching effectiveness compromised. Share on free download http://www.hi138.com Second, to improve the quality of teaching political economy recommendations
1, to establish a correct guiding ideology of teaching in the teaching really clear manipulation of students learning the meaning of political economy, eliminate student misconceptions, to help students of Marxist political economy "obsolete" is not a correct understanding of the use of Marxist political economy The basic theory for the practical problems are described and explained practical reasoning.

2, the preparation of a refined system of political economy of reasonable content textbooks Political Economics course architecture is not to adjust the existing problems can be solved, the system has been formed within the framework of its adjustment, so we did attempt , the result is not satisfactory, so the original structure on the adjustment or change is difficult to achieve good teaching results. long-term perspective, teaching materials need to be rewritten. In my opinion, write a <<Political Economy>> materials, the architecture is divided into three parts: principles of Marxist political economy, part of the Introduction to the contemporary capitalist economy, part of the socialist economic theory this text writing is characterized by a relatively independent of the different theories are divided into different chapters, the various theories with each other basic non-grafted. "Marxist political economics" This is some of the major press <<Capital>> system to write, therefore, theory, there would be no problem. "Introduction to contemporary capitalist economy" reference Lenin <<imperialism is the highest stage of capitalism>> a book, combined with the development of capitalism, the reality of contemporary writing. This part of the economic theory of socialism in China-based , written before and after China's reform and opening up socialist economic theory and practice of this three-part after two larger than the important. write two points: First, the interface between chapters has its own inherent logic and necessity theory, the framework system is reasonable. Second, small but efficient implementation of the principles of writing content. book number of words within the control of 35 million words.

3, based on classroom teaching of political economy, adhere to the principles taught, taught artistic attention here, including the following aspects: First, seize the key, analyze and difficult to answer doubts and second, to enhance case teaching to enhance students' perceptions and practice capacity, improve teaching methods to improve the attractiveness and effectiveness of teaching third, to take the teaching of contrast, update comparative perspective, for example, on the same economic phenomena and economic context of Western economics and Marxist political economy perspective of different research and level of price categories, according to Western economics of supply and demand and their flexibility to describe the relationship between these variables, and Marxist political economy, the price is defined as the value of currencies, the price the law of value the role of sports performance, price both volume and value of departure, but also a qualitative departure, which has profoundly expounded on the economics of the market economy, although no commercial value but what will the price of reality, and Western economics in the Only on the issue of economic phenomena, but never found the price theory behind the deep-seated, but do not not know the relationship between them, resource allocation, Pareto optimal Western economic stress, and Marxist political economy social science it is defined as the allocation of labor in various sectors, the efficiency of resource allocation criteria for socially necessary labor time savings, profits of industrial, commercial profit, interest and rents, the distribution areas of Western economics it as elements of remuneration form, while the Marxist political economy is not only see the elements of this form of remuneration, while the pay back to see the source of surplus value created by the workers in the amount of different elements, where the division of ownership of the main form of Keynes, published in 1936 <<Employment, Interest and Money>> system is the core of his theory of effective demand principle whereby he came to capitalism because of insufficient effective demand, so capitalism can not achieve full employment, the correctness of this conclusion is to deny the Cairns traditional economics that the market is omnipotent and can automatically view the full realization of employment, but the emergence of the capitalist economy has insufficient effective demand, and thus can not achieve full employment, the key is the capitalist system of private ownership and wage labor, and the resulting the basic contradictions inherent in capitalism, and the Keynesian principle of effective demand completely avoided this crucial question, as a Marxist political economy is deeply expose the basic contradictions of capitalism, to find the root cause. Marxist political economy and economics, two Western a theoretical system has a major difference, they are in accordance with their level of research methods and research for economic analysis, there are different theoretical and practical significance. not only taken a comparison method of teaching methods, and update a comparative perspective. that from an economic phenomena and to compare and contrast the theory itself, the angle changed, will lead students to think and analyze problems of interest the students in this contrast naturally have their own views and perspectives. Fourth, the theory with practice is the core of teaching and essence. political economy is a highly theoretical courses, but courses theory with practice space is very broad. economics can not be a blackboard economics, if such a student listening to boring, 打不起精神, even willing, on this course. theory with practice is not the case with domestic and international political and economic theory shows that the current focus on the hot economic issues, so that political economy has to face the reality of economic development and interpretation of strong persuasive force, the long run, will be able to improve student learning and positive political economy of taste. consistent theory with practical teaching methods, students who have subtle learning, thereby improving their thinking and analyze problems and solve problems in this process , teachers, preachers, Tuition, FAQ's natural to play a role in which Fifth, to enhance teachers' political economy of multimedia research to enhance the production of multimedia software level multimedia courseware, not electronic teaching of multimedia courseware have theoretical and artistic, the need to adapt teaching content, but also have some background information, which is an essential element of multimedia courseware.


References:
[1] was the first out. "Reform of teaching content on the political economy of thinking." Guangzhou Economic and Management Institute Journal in 2003 (1)
[2] Pang Kam together, etc. <<of Political Economy>> (Fourth Edition, Higher Education Press, 2010
[3] Cheng Enfu, Xu Huiping <<Political Economy>> (third edition, Higher Education Press, 2007
[4] Wang Weicheng, Li Lianzhong a <<a socialist market economy and tutorial>>, Peking University Press, 2000
[5] Wu Yifeng, eds. <<Economics of Marxist economics and Western comparative study of>> the Chinese People's University Press, 2009.9 Links to free download http://www.hi138.com