On vocational "Microbiology and Immunology" Teaching Reform Network _ to write papers

Write papers Network: Abstract: This paper describes on the <<Microbiology>> and <<Immunology>> two curriculum reform and innovation, including the reform of teaching and assessment methods, and update the concepts of Education, improve teaching methods, establish a teaching module Center, established to improve student learning as the goal of the curriculum guidelines, specific vocational training goal is not to develop theoretical knowledge "large" research talent but the "necessary and sufficient" principle to develop high technology talent. and explains the <<Microbiology>> and <<Immunology>> two curriculum reform "Microbiology and Immunology>> the idea of ​​a course.

Keywords: Higher; microbiology, immunology, Education, reform

In China, with the rapid development of higher Medical Education and the rapid expansion of enrollment, higher Medical professional Education as an important part of Medical Education, has entered the scale of the development stage, but a long time, because Medical professional education referral undergraduate Medical education in the medium and between the medical professional education is more difficult to find accurate positioning, most of the medical vocational schools of their training objectives, teaching, curriculum system, teaching content, choice, and many other difficult to decide, so medical professional education does not reflect the characteristics of their own Ministry of Education <<Vocational Education and Training on work to enhance the views of>> pointed out, Vocational Education and Training of the basic characteristics in order to develop a new type of high-tech applications expertise as a fundamental task to meet the needs of the community as the goal, the ability to foster technology-based line of design students the knowledge, ability, quality structures and training programs. medical professional education training objectives should be based on medical applications and capacity-building as the center, targeting the majority of rural and community Health posts or post group, to train with professional competence and quality of comprehensive medical, meet medical, prevention, care, community Health services "have to go, stay and useful," the technical talents.

<<Microbiology>> and <<Immunology>> are carved in the undergraduate teaching two courses, two courses together account for about 140 hours of vocational schools students in school for 2 years, there is not enough time to learn the theoretical knowledge, and thus <<Microbiology>> and <<Immunology>> This is two hours of the basic course can not share too much. medical vocational training model combining basic features, not specifically to study the profound learning theoretical knowledge as the goal, but the "necessary and sufficient" to develop high technology-based expertise to target our hospital course were streamlined into this door <<Microbiology and Immunology>> a course, take up 36 hours . Characteristics for fewer hours, in order to allow students to learn in a relatively short period of time relative to more knowledge, we conducted a series of teaching reform.

The module teaching-centered curriculum guidelines
At present, the vast majority of medical schools related to medicine are now offering professional <<Microbiology>> and <<Immunology "It's two basic courses, but most still rely on the basic theory-centered teaching model, and these two courses is on the creation of new courses started going to school, when students also can not adapt to university life, learning still remain in the secondary school level, mainly by rote, in the hope that teachers can do hands-on as secondary school teachers to teach, a problem in practice a problem. hospital with these characteristics, the center offered to the teaching module for teaching, for example, the teaching of microbiology is divided into bacteria, viruses and fungi, three modules, three modules from the normal life of common teaching microorganisms into the title, causing the interest of students, teaching is divided into immunological cellular and humoral immune teaching two modules, students are most familiar with from the start of the immunization program, step by step into the teaching.

Level to improve student learning
The goal of teaching methods to improve
Reform of the reform of traditional teaching methods after the <<Microbiology and Immunology>> with previous <<Microbiology>> and <<Immunology>> difference is that the concept of updating the education, improved teaching methods, that is as far as possible real-life teaching examples for induction, induction of students to think, to improve student interest in learning the traditional teaching methods are usually teachers, teaching materials, classroom-centered, text, chart form model and the phenomenon of narrative medicine, this teaching model of information capacity transmission channel small, slow, ineffective, difficult for students to grasp, and thus the use of visual teaching methods, the use of models, charts, samples and other resources as well as audio-visual, role-playing and other forms of teaching methods, a combination of teaching to make teaching more image , realistic, which will help students into the context of teaching position, easy to accept the understanding of theoretical knowledge in immunology are more content, such as cellular and humoral immunity, the students in the learning process it hard to understand and master, while the media would enable teachers and students of between the text, sound, animation and other images and image exchange, the blackboard, the language is difficult to describe, micro-teaching video and audio content to the forms, and use of graphics technology to the abstract issues concrete, dynamic and static problems , micro-macro problem, thus reducing the difficulty of learning, teaching and difficult to break through, so that students understand the thorough, accurate, greatly stimulate the students interest in learning, for example, spoke of the antibodies, the vaccine into the whole process of planting the video , immediately lifted the spirit of the students, to deepen the impression, enhancing the understanding here, to make is, if only to emphasize the role of courseware, teaching means a single, all students from beginning to end to see the big screen the image, which has become a typical computer "Man Tangguan" teacher who became a computer operating machinery, lost the dominant position, this single teaching methods and teaching may not be able to produce good results. The correct approach should be multi-media teaching and traditional teaching methods combined, the combination of demonstration and explanation. Media presentation is the main or secondary, is the first demo to explain, or explain, after the first presentation, or while explaining the side shows, teachers should be aware of. Do not all the content into courseware teaching inside, so that the students do not have any interest, there may even copy the teacher's dormitory learning courseware, not to classroom learning. Links to free download http:/ / www.hi138.com
Reasonable arrangements for the progress of teaching <<Microbiology and Immunology>> is a medical vocational freshmen offered a course, students then also immersed in the happiness of being admitted to the universities if the beginning of progress quickly, many also limited to high school students learning, teachers in the classroom can not keep up the idea of ​​lectures, will be this sudden fast-paced play ignorant, self-confidence and thus frustrated, a great impact on future learning, so the beginning of course progress must be slow, so that students have a process of adaptation, and then gradually speed up.

Actively guide students to a rehearsal, self-learning ability and gradually increase the students to do the preview should encourage students to reading, to develop self-learning ability, broaden horizons, increase human knowledge, personality development .21 century is the information explosion, the era of knowledge explosion, microbial and Immunology, the rapid increase of knowledge, teaching materials and a corresponding update, course content will continue to deepen and expand. For students gradually realize that science is advancing rapidly, just remember that textbook knowledge is not enough, we must develop and master new knowledge and new methods of capacity, not only to learn in college textbook knowledge, the most important point is that to acquire self-learning capabilities, which require a low-grade to begin learning ability. preview the first step is to develop self-learning ability, through the rehearsal and independent thinking, the teacher lectures before students have mastered most of the content, some do not understand The key issues in the classroom by teachers that not only understand, but memories, so gradually through self-study also should learn to master the content. the end of each lesson, teachers should preview the content of the next class layout, the next lesson beginning to ask questions, and gradually develop students prep and a good habit of independent thinking, so as to gradually develop self-learning ability of students to meet the future needs to update their knowledge. basic medical courses common contents, fewer hours, to understand the characteristics of difficult to remember, combined with This feature, in the teaching process on the one hand to adhere to teacher-led, the other main initiative to help students, teachers should guide the direction, guidance on the key, lead in improving learning ability, so that students "learn" into to "learn."
To train students to the system and summarized the ability to summarize the process of deepening the understanding of people and sublimation of the knowledge of an important means completion of each stage, the necessary first to grasp the key and difficult, out on a large sheet of paper, and then one by one inductive refined, so that a glance, saw a few words, and even a few symbols can recall the contents of each paragraph of each section. Usually you can always look to enhance memory, when the final review will save time and effort more efficiently in the virus this teaching module, teachers can give students demonstrate the knowledge and learning which way a virus, such as: hepatitis B virus-related knowledge, Internet search, summarize and summarize content, and then listen to the students about the Next, assign tasks to students, the rest of the Internet to find several viruses by a few students to discuss → → summarized this model allows students to practice, not only to enable students to learn how to use online resources learning, but also training the students ability to summarize.

Practical operation ability in the experimental process, to enhance students drawing on microstructure and cell ability to identify the virus, the use of a microscope lens and anatomical techniques, temporary production technology and skills, and disinfection, antisepsis, aseptic, etc. skills in the teaching of immunology, antigen-antibody detection has the skills.

Comprehensive evaluation of performance results of all subjects can not only period, the final performance evaluation, must be a comprehensive evaluation, combined with classroom discipline, the usual attitude towards learning, lab operation, collaboration, examination Kaoji test the wind and other comprehensive scoring.

These are the hospital to <<Microbiology>> and <<Immunology "two courses to <<Microbiology and Immunology>> made when a course of reform, the reform was unanimously welcomed by the students, teaching effect has been greatly improved, really improve the practical operation of the students capability to meet the requirements of higher Vocational Education.

References:
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