Applied Psychology Counseling Psychology to explore school-based curriculum development

Abstract: Counseling Psychology curriculum construction should be considered the practice in China, schools, school characteristics, professional development and personal growth of students needs, set program of training objectives, teaching content and teaching mode. Counseling Psychology should be based on the main principle, the principle of open , active principle, the development of principles and the principle of reflection, depending on the course content to a variety of teaching methods, such as role-playing, case analysis, discussion debate tactics, behavior training method, peer counseling, group counseling methods and Consulting actual law, so as to improve their practical skills, to develop application-oriented counseling professionals.

Keywords: Applied Psychology, Counseling Psychology, school-based curriculum development

Counseling Psychology is the study of counseling theory, counseling process and counseling techniques of science as a psychology major courses, counseling psychology in the construction of different schools there are some common characteristics, but there are great differences . In order to adapt to different colleges and universities and school characteristics, personnel training objectives, its curriculum in teaching objectives, teaching content, teaching methods must have its own peculiarities. Explore the school in line with my target school characteristics and training characteristics of counseling psychology curriculum construction, is the core task of the researchers.

The basis for the construction of counseling psychology program
Meet the needs of the current Chinese practice, consulting psychology courses in theories and methods described in more mainstream of Western culture and values ​​as a basis, the interpretation of the results of psychological counseling is often associated with Chinese traditional culture and values, there is a big difference which makes Western theories and techniques applied to China, they often can not properly explain the psychological problems of the Chinese people, there are obvious limitations and shortcomings. Through the adjustment and improvement of course content, in consultation with practice, to increase and integrate into the Chinese culture, Chinese people trained to solve the psychological problems of their own people is the important basis for course construction.

School's vocational and technical characteristics of the needs of Tianjin Normal University in China established the first national training for teachers in ordinary higher vocational Education colleges, vocational services, always adhere to the school location to feature Xing school, adhere to the "hands-on brain, all-round development "Educational philosophy. This means that our school's Educational goals Applied Psychology schools should be subject to the requirements of the overall school characteristics, for vocational Education and training to engage in vocational and technical schools, high-quality psychological counseling personnel, so practice in the curriculum, will serve as a vocational school student positioning, in the teaching content should consider the following: vocational students of all ages the psychological characteristics of common psychological problems, psychological problems affecting student growth environment, suitable for the age group counseling talks the language and treatment technologies.

Professional development needs of applied psychology from the nature of discipline, counseling psychology is not just a theoretical course, but also a strong operational application programs, so the overall development from a professional point of view, should be changed original counseling program theory, light application status, speed up the training application of psychological counseling class talent from the academic development of the external environment, China is undergoing social transformation, economic development, rapid social change, all kinds of people are facing the great social pressure on psychologist is growing rapidly. In order to adapt to this trend, the former Ministry of Labor and Social Security, established in 2001, counselors national vocational qualifications system, to speed up China's professional counseling development of professional psychological counseling in the community of practitioners of strong demand environment, is to accelerate the development of applied psychology professional opportunity. comprehensive internal and external factors, the research group that highlight the operational and applied is the important basis for course construction, the counseling curriculum development and vocational qualifications counselors together, exploring our school of applied psychology majors to develop the direction of the construction of the important goals of the course.

The growing needs of individual students of this course as a counseling psychology of the receptor, the application of psychology majors and needs of the curriculum, should be fully respected and accepted by the exchange and discussion with the students, summed up the students both major demand. First of all, want to change the boring classroom lectures and theory of learning, integrated into a variety of teaching methods and practice of operational links, the ability to improve the application of psychological counseling. sufficient amount of information, a variety of learning styles, improve proficiency , is an integral part of building the course, followed by counseling psychology courses, to solve their own psychological problems and puzzles, improve response to stressors and problem-solving skills, access to personal development and growth, the formation of the students of the between mutual help and harmonious atmosphere. the needs of students and curriculum development objective is the same, in the course of training therapists, self-growth is an indispensable element, through the course of study to help students a deep understanding of self psychology, including psychological characteristics of individual motivation, values ​​and behavior patterns, etc., should be the basis for the construction of one of the course.

Counseling psychology program training objectives
Course objective is to achieve the intent of the curriculum itself and the point. This course combined with counseling psychology's own content and curriculum development based on the four, our school Applied Psychology Counseling Psychology training course objectives are: through the systematic study of psychological counseling theories and principles, so that students flexibility counseling methods and Technology to promote student self-development and personal growth, as for vocational and technical college students to solve their practical and psychological problems, both theory and application, comprehensive counseling and healthy development of outstanding talent, access to counselors professional qualification certificates .

Counseling psychology curriculum content
From a psychological basis for course construction proceeding, based on the curriculum of training objectives, group discussion that the counseling psychology curriculum content of the set should satisfy three conditions: (1 in addition to completing routine tasks of teaching, but also to promote children's psychological health and psychological development, (2 localization of the teaching of psychological counseling, counseling theory from abroad while the introduction of its application in China and the localization condition, (3) Practice appropriate increase in the proportion of attention and counseling techniques to master applications specific teaching content as follows:
Introduction to theory courses including psychological counseling, psychological counseling brief history, psychological counseling for the basic requirements of practitioners, psychoanalytic theory of counseling and therapy, behavior therapy, cognitive psychological counseling and treatment, interaction analysis, counseling, visitor-centered therapy , process and Technology counseling, psychological counseling on the requirements of practitioners, etc. In addition, classes also increased, Professor Morita of Japan was created by Ma, "Morita Therapy", expert Mr. Zhong Youbin psychotherapy China's first Chinese-style psychoanalytic therapy "cognitive insight therapy" and the Chinese people "tend to authority, experts tend to" other ways of thinking of the discussion.

Practical lesson hands-on courses set up some of the major aspects of real and psychological counseling gaming experience, including Sandplay therapy, stickers therapy, peer counseling, typical case analysis, counseling film appreciation, trust exercises, ice-breaking exercises, group training and other friends .

Counseling Psychology of teaching
Inductive teaching model of abroad variety of psychological, can be summed up two typical teaching model, that model cognitive model and experience. Cognitive model is based on psychological knowledge to teach students to develop mental ability of students for the purpose, according to psychological knowledge the internal logical structure to determine the content of Education, advocate the use of highly rational approach to teaching, experiential teaching model is based on the needs of students to determine course content, focusing on situational appeal and role models, with highly rational approach to education in-depth analysis of counseling psychology course characteristics, the research group believes that utilization of two teaching modes, two kinds of teaching throughout the course of study in each other is the best teaching methods.

The main principles of teaching counseling psychology
The main principle of the principle means that the whole subject of teaching and learning activities should be based on the characteristics and needs of students as a starting point to establish the students in counseling psychology courses in the subject position of the main principles in the classroom, teachers are required to make flexible use of various teaching methods, mobilize the enthusiasm of the students in the classroom, encourage students to speak out, expose the true thoughts, to explore the problem-solving approach.

Principle of openness principle of openness not only open to students in psychology, but also the teaching content of the opening. Counseling psychology classes should be an open, secure classroom, students should be open mind, free from repression, for personal growth and self-exploration, the same teaching content should not rigidly adhere to textbook knowledge, but should be based on books, more than textbooks, concerned about the reality of psychological problems, inspire students to apply their knowledge.

Active principle of psychological counseling not just a theoretical course, is a strong operational application programs. Active principles which fit the characteristics of counseling psychology discipline, teaching should be integrated use of various teaching methods carry out a variety of practical activities for students in practice the best learning. Links to free download http://www.hi138.com principle of the development of the principle of the development requirements of Counseling Psychology course design should focus on to help students grow in a variety of developmental problems encountered, the prevention of mental illness, the full development potential of students to improve their problem-solving skills and social adaptability; identify each student's strengths and glittering, so that each students experience success.

Reflect the principle of reflection principle requires students to counseling theory and technique can do while learning, reflective side, a dialectical view, the formation of self-monitoring capabilities.

The main teaching method counseling psychology
Role-play role-playing the role of teaching is a kind of imitation and observation of learning in the application of counseling psychology role-play method of teaching that focus on teaching objectives, under the guidance of teachers, visitors and students to play by the consultants , will the consultation process a situational representation, allowing students to experience the consultation process using role-play method of training students, the first should be based on teaching materials and curricula, to develop detailed and specific plan, then, consists of two students to play Consulting teachers and visitors, other students observe; "consultation" after the consultation visit the two sides can be feedback from all students discuss their advantages and shortcomings, teachers make the necessary review and guidance at each exercise time control 50 minutes, the same general consultation period, we could achieve a similar scene with the real.

Case teaching is teach scholars use cases, to groups and group discussions, role-playing, and writing case, etc. to enhance the dialogue between members, led participants to reflect, to enhance the experience of practical exercises, and guide learners to use a particular way of thinking of teaching methods. case teaching can not be simply equated with the case cited in teaching, including the case of raw materials, general collection, analysis and discussion of the case, the case for review and reflection that some process.

Discussion, debate law to discuss, debate tactics is a good counseling program in teaching methods, this method is mainly carried out in class, class members according to the information and experience on the large, primary and secondary students in-depth discussion of common problems. The methods discussed can take many forms, such as group discussions, Puisne style discussion forum-like discussion, debate-style discussions in student debate, the teacher is best not to participate in debate, wait, and finally do some conclusions, but concluded should be open, there is no final answer.

The current behavior training method, students more generally, poor interpersonal relationships exist, lack the confidence and test anxiety and other issues, therefore, psychological counseling class for college students these common problems can make the appropriate behavioral training, such as systematic desensitization training, assertiveness training, Personals training, trust training, for students to create a free, safe, no sense of threat in the classroom atmosphere to encourage students to open themselves to overcome the adverse psychological integrity of personality.

Peer counseling peer counseling is in the process of interpersonal communication with each other to give people psychological comfort, encourage, advise and support, to provide a counseling function. Can be understood as non-professional psychological help workers who engaged in a similar help in counseling activities, although applied psychology majors have not yet reached the level of professional counselors, but students can try to peer between the psychological counseling, learned as much as possible use their knowledge of one another consulting advice with each other help, in common with each other while studying for psychological development.

Group counseling or group counseling method called group counseling, psychological counseling is an important form of that advice workers to help a group of people (more than two dozens of people to solve their psychological problems of the existence of a common form of courses in counseling psychology the creation of a supportive environment, and guide students to experience, explore, training to address the students often encounter psychological barriers of life and psychological problems, so that interaction among students, inspire each other to enhance everyone's experience while consulting practice, promote personal and community development.

Consulting actual law in line with the principles of learning, teachers can create for the students in class activities in a variety of consulting opportunities, such as allowing school counseling programs through high school students to serve as assistant to assist the Advisory teacher for the school's psychological problems college students, counseling, vocational college students can contact to do psychological counseling, part-time counselor, to learn or work, or to the school's practice base, such as field study and observation.

Specific to the counseling psychology program, researchers will be selected according to different teaching contents of the appropriate teaching methods, detailed in Table 1.

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